OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constitutes of caulis Marsdeniae tenocissimae.

METHOD70% ethanol extracts of caulis M. tenocissimae were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and semi-preparative reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). The compounds were identified on the basis of spectral analysis, including NMR, MS and IR.

RESULTSeven compounds were obtained and identified and their structures were identified as beta-sitosterol (1), condutirol(2), dihydroconduritol(3), betulinic acid(4), lupeol(5), daucosterol(6), 11alpha-O-(2-methylbutyryl)-12beta-O-acetyltenacigeninB(7).

CONCLUSIONCompound 4, 5 were isolated from the genus for the first time.

Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

AIM: To study the chemical constituents of stems of Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. METHODS: Chromatographic techniques using silica gel, C18 reversed phase silica gel, and prep-HPLC were used. The structures were elucidated on the basis of MS and spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D NMR), as well as chemical methods. RESULTS: Seven compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as conduritol A (1), stigmasterol (2), lupeol (3), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (4), the sodium salt of 22α-hydroxy-longispinogenin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glu-curono-pyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), oleanolic acid-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and the sodium salt of 22α-hydroxy-longispinogenin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (7). The inhibition activities of compounds 1, 5-7 on non-enzymatic glycation of protein in vitro were evaluated. CONCLUSION Compound 7 is a new triterpenoid saponin. It was shown that compounds 1, 5-7 have weak inhibition activities for non-enzymatic glycation of protein in vitro.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Gymnema sylvestre ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

Catharanthine content and agronomic traits in major Catharanthus roseus varieties were analyzed. It was found that there existed great difference in catharanthine content and agronomic traits among the varieties. Catharanthine content was the highest in variety Pacifica Polka Dot (PPD), reaching 3.79 mg g(-1) dry leaf weight, and the lowest in variety Cooler Pink (CP) with only 0.9 mg g(-1) dry leaf weight. Correlation existed in certain extent between catharanthine content and agronomic traits in C. roseus. Path analysis showed that among all the agronomic traits analyzed, internodal distance positively affected catharanthine content at significant level (P<0.05), with the path coefficient being 1.473. This study provides useful information for high-catharanthine content C. roseus introduction and breeding.
Catharanthus ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Vinca Alkaloids ; analysis ; metabolism

To study the chemical constituents in the twigs and leaves of Melodinus hemsleyanus. The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Their structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Fourteen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the twigs and leaves of M. hemsleyanus. Their structures were identified as 11-hydroxytabersonine (1) , venalstonid (2), sandine (3), oleanolic acid (4), ursolic acid (5), betulin (6) , (+)-pinoresinol (7), (-)-syringaresinol (8), 8-hydroxypinoresinol (9), (-)-latifolin (10) , cirsilineol (11) , loganin (12) , dibutylterephthalate (13) , and beta-sitosterol(14). Compounds 4-14 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Herbal Medicine ; Lignans ; analysis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Triterpenes

OBJECTIVETo establish HPLC fingerprint for identification and evaluation of the quality of Trachelospermum jasminoides.

METHODThe analysis was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 analytical column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) with H2O (A) and methanol (B) as mobile phases in gradient mode. The elutin conditions were 0-15 min, changed from 10% B to 30% B; 15-40 min, to 40% B; 40-60 min, to 60% B. The column temperature was set at 30 degrees C and the flow rate was 0.8 mL x min(-1) with the detection wavelength of 230 nm.

RESULTThe HPLC chromatographic fingerprint of T. jasminoides, showing 19 characteristic peaks, was established from 14 lots of T. jasminoides. The similarity of every lot of T. jasminoides was calculated as good in general, the similarity of 10 lots was above 0.9 and the other 4 lots had low similarity.

CONCLUSIONThe chromatographic fingerprint of T. jasminoides with high characteristics and specificity can be used to control its quality.

Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Quality Control

OBJECTIVETo study trace chemical constituents contained in traditional Chinese medicine Trachelospermum jasminoides.

METHODThe chemical constituents were separated and purified by using such column chromatographic methods as ployamide, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and ODS, and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral data analysis.

RESULTEleven compounds were separated from T. jasminoides and identified as bergenin (1), chrysoeriol-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (2), arctigenin-4'-O-beta-gentiobioside (3), matairesinol 4'-O-beta-gentiobioside (4), traxillagenin (5), traxillaside (6), 4-demethyltraxillagenin (7), luteolin-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (8), arctiin (9), trachelogenin-4'-O-beta-gentiobioside (10) and luteolin-7-O-beta-D-glucoside (11).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1 and 2 were separated from Trachelospermum genus for the first time, while compounds 3-7 were separated from this plant for the first time.

Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

To investigate the non-alkaloidal chemical constituents of the stems and leaves of Melodinus suaveolens and their antibacterial activities. Compounds were isolated and purified by repeated silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP18, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by comparison with published spectroscopic data, as well as on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. The antibacterial screening assays were performed by the dilution method. Fourteen compounds were isolated, and identified as lycopersene (1), betulinic aldehyde (2), 3β-acetoxy-22,23,24,25,26,27-hexanordammaran-20-one (3), 3a-acetyl-2, 3, 5-trimethyl-7a-hydroxy-5-(4,8,12-trimethyl-tridecanyl)-1,3a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-4-oxainden-1-one (4), 3β-hydroxy-28-norlup-20(29)-ene-17β-hydroperoxide (5), 3β-hydroxy-28-norlup-20(29)-ene-17α-hydroperoxide (6), β-sitosterol (7), 28-nor-urs-12-ene-3β, 17β-diol (8), α-amyrin (9), ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (10), 3β-hydroxy-urs-11-en-28,13β-olide (11), betulin (12), obtusalin (13), and ursolic acid (14). Among the isolates, compounds 1, 2, 6, 8, 10, and 14 showed potent antibacterial activities against the four bacteria. This is the first report of the antibacterial activity of the constituents of Melodinus suaveolens.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

OBJECTIVEUnder various drought conditions and nitrogen application, the content of vindoline, catharanthine, vincristine and vinblastine in the leaf of Catharanthus roseus were illustrated to improve the content of alkaloid theoretically.

METHODSix groups were set in the experiment, which included: CK (natural control), CN (natural control + nitrogen), LK (low drought), LN (low drought + nitrogen), HK (high drought), HN (high drought + nitrogen) to discuss the change characteristics of total nitrogen, the activity of alkaline POD and TDC, the content of four alkaloids under the different conditions were measured.

RESULTUnder LK condition, the activity of POD, TDC were enhanced. In the early stage of stress (0-21 d), vindoline, catharanthine, vincristine and vinblastine accumulated, and reduced in the later stage (28-35 d). For all groups, adding exogenous nitrogen could improve the total content of nitrogen, vindoline and vinblastine, meanwhile the activity of POD and TDC were enhanced as well. The LN, HN treatments were beneficial to accumulating catharanthine and vinblastine.

CONCLUSIONDrought stress or additional nitrogen have an influence on both of the activities of POD and TDC, and the four alkaloids were affected as well. Thereinto, the LN condition was the most effective treatment for accumulating the four alkaloids (vindoline, catharanthine, vincristine and vinblastine), which were regulated by improve nitrogen content and enzymatic activity.

Catharanthus ; metabolism ; Nitrogen ; metabolism ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Vinblastine ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Vinca Alkaloids ; metabolism ; Vincristine ; metabolism ; Water ; metabolism

To study the chemical constituents in the twigs and leaves of Melodinus hemsleyanus. The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Their structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Fourteen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the twigs and leaves of M. hemsleyanus. Their structures were identified as 11-hydroxytabersonine (1), venalstonid (2), sandine (3), oleanolic acid (4), ursolic acid (5), betulin (6), (+)-pinoresinol (7), (-)-syringaresinol (8), 8-hydroxypinoresinol (9), (-)-latifolin (10), cirsilineol (11), loganin (12), dibutylterephthalate (13), and beta-sitosterol (14). Compounds 4-14 were obtained from this plant for the first time.
Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the chemical constituents of Alyxia sinensis.

METHODPhytochmical experiment was carried out, using column chromatograph technologies.

RESULTFive compounds have been isolated from the petroleum ether soluble part of the stems of A. sinensis. Their structures have been elucidated respectively as heptatriacontane(1), octatriacontane(2), 20-noatriacontannone(3), 20-nonatriacontanone(4), 20-tetraacontanoe(5), physcion(6), emodin(7), chrysophanol(8), coumarin(9), stigmasterol acetate(10), beta-sitosterol acetate(11), lupeol(12), betulin(13), stigmasterol(14), beta-sitosterol(15), ursolic acid(16), oleanolic acid(17).

CONCLUSIONAll these compounds are firstly been isolated from A. sinensis. And compound 5-9, 10, 11 are also been separated from Alyxiae genus for the first time.

Anthraquinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Apocynaceae ; chemistry ; Emodin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry