BACKGROUND: The term "transcortical aphasia" is applied to primary lesions not involving the receptive and expressive language areas, but rather the areas connected to the association cortex. By definition, patients with transcortical aphasia can repeat what they have heard, but they have difficulty producing spontaneous speech or understanding speech. This paper reports the clinical features of stroke patients with transcortical aphasia to delineate the language profiles of its subtypes. METHODS: Eighty patients with stroke were divided into three subtypes of transcortical aphasia: transcortical sensory aphasia, transcortical motor aphasia, and mixed transcortical aphasia. A Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery was used to compare the subdomains of language ability among the three groups. RESULTS: The patients showed a relatively preserved repetition ability, but the performances in repetition and generative naming, and the aphasia quotient were highest in the transcortical sensory aphasic group, followed by the transcortical motor aphasic and mixed transcortical aphasic groups. CONCLUSIONS: The present study provides detailed information on the language profiles of the three subtypes of transcortical aphasia, which can be differentiated based on the aphasia quotient and generative naming scores.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca ; Aphasia, Wernicke ; Humans ; Language ; Stroke

Transcorticamrnotro aphasia is(TMA) a syndrome of nonfluent aphasia with good comprehension and preserved repetition. Language profiles and CT or MRI anatomy in 6 cases of TMA were studied. Their speech was characterized by impaired spontaneous speech and naming with well preserved comprehension and excellent repetition. Most of cases(4/6) had a tendency to repeat everything slavishly, namely echolalia. Perseveration was also common feature(4/6). Four patients showed quick recovery within a few weeks so as to communicate without much difficulty in daily living. The findings on computerized tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance maging(MRI) revealed that the main lesion sites were in the supplementary motor area(SMA) or in the subcortical white matter connecting between SMA and frontal perisylvian zone of Broca's area.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca* ; Comprehension ; Echolalia ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether suppression of right inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's homologue) by 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve speech recovery. METHOD: We applied low frequency rTMS on right Broca's homologue twice a week for 6 weeks in eight subcortical aphasia patients who were 3 months to 3 years poststroke onset. They were tested with Korean Version-Western Aphasia Battery before and after procedure. Also, they were tested with Parallel Short Forms for the Korean-BostonNaming Test and Animal Naming Test serially for outcome measure. rTMS was performed with intensity of 80% of motor threshold for 10 min (600 pulses) at 1 Hz frequency. RESULTS: Significant improvement was observed in picture naming at post-rTMS only in nonfluent aphasia patients but not in fluent aphasia patients. CONCLUSION: rTMS may provide a novel treatment for aphasia by possibly modulating the distributed, bi-hemispheric language network.
Animals ; Aphasia* ; Aphasia, Broca ; Aphasia, Wernicke ; Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation*

No abstract available.
Aphasia, Broca* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma

Authors report two cases of central neurocytoma with unusual surgical pitfall. The one of these presented with postoperative intraventricular hemorrhage with hydrocephalus. The other case developed motor aphasia and hemiplegia due to brain retration during operation. We describe peripoerative courses of these cases and discuss possible causes of postoperative complications.
Aphasia, Broca ; Brain ; Hemiplegia ; Hemorrhage ; Hydrocephalus ; Neurocytoma ; Postoperative Complications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of neurologic music therapy (NMT) and speech language therapy (SLT) through improvement of the aphasia quotient (AQ) in post-stroke aphasic patients. METHODS: Twenty-one post-stroke, nonfluent aphasia patients who had ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke on radiologic evaluation were divided into the NMT and SLT groups. They received NMT and SLT for 1 month. Language function was assessed by Korean version-Western Aphasia Battery before and after therapy. NMT consisted of therapeutic singing and melodic intonation therapy, and SLT consisted of language-oriented therapy. RESULTS: Significant improvements were revealed in AQ, repetition, and naming after therapy in the NMT group and improvements in repetition in the SLT group of chronic stroke patients (p<0.05). There were significant improvements in language ability in the NMT group of subacute stroke patients. However, there was no significant improvement in the SLT group of subacute stroke patients. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the two therapies are effective treatments in the chronic stage of stroke and NMT is effective in subacute post-stroke aphasic patients.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca ; Humans ; Language ; Language Therapy ; Music ; Music Therapy ; Singing ; Speech Therapy ; Stroke

Initial ictal aphasia without epilepsy history is rare. This disorder is recognized hardly, because it is obscured by the lack of other seizure manifestations. A60 year-old woman acutely developed a motor aphasia. Presented manifestations were like transient ischemic attack and so, we initially treated as stroke. But motor aphasia repetitively occurred, and then EEG was performed. EEG revealed repetitive sharp discharges from the left temporoparietal area and after injection of valium, epileptiform discharge ceased and the aphasia disappeared.
Aphasia* ; Aphasia, Broca ; Diazepam ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Female ; Humans ; Ischemic Attack, Transient* ; Seizures ; Stroke

Hanging is one of the most common causes of suicidal death. Most hanging victims are dead when discovered, and hence there are few reports of near-hanging patients or survivors of a hanging injury. We experienced a patient with motor aphasia who survived a hanging injury. Consecutive workup revealed a cerebral infarction on the left middle cerebral artery territory, which was considered to be the cause of his aphasia.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca ; Cerebral Infarction ; Foramen Ovale, Patent ; Humans ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Survivors

Different types of aphasia resulting from stroke, as well as their anatomical correlates, are well characterized. In contrast, the literature on ictal aphasia is relatively scant. A 58-year-old woman had 4 times of transient motor aphasia. No other behavioral abnormalities and focal sensorimotor neurological deficits were revealed. Brain MRI showed a small meningioma at the left sphenoid ridge. Electroencephalogram showed occasional sharp waves on the left inferior frontal area. We report a rare case of ictal aphasia associated with meningioma.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca ; Brain ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Humans ; Meningioma ; Middle Aged ; Stroke

Digital therapeutics is an evidence-based intervention using high-quality software, with the sole purpose of treatment. As many healthcare systems are encountering high demands of quality outcomes, the need for digital therapeutics is gradually increasing in the clinical field. We conducted review of the implications of digital therapeutics in the treatment of neurological deficits for stroke patients. The implications of digital therapeutics have been discussed in four domains: cognition, speech and aphasia, motor, and vision. It was evident that different forms of digital therapeutics such as online platforms, virtual reality trainings, and iPad applications have been investigated in many trials to test its feasibility in clinical use. Although digital therapeutics may deliver high-quality solutions to healthcare services, the medicalization of digital therapeutics is accompanied with many limitations. Clinically validated digital therapeutics should be developed to prove its efficacy in stroke rehabilitation.
Aphasia ; Aphasia, Broca ; Cognition ; Delivery of Health Care ; Hemianopsia ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Medicalization ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Rehabilitation ; Stroke