Assessment of psychosocial and psychiatric needs is an increasingly important component of cancer care. Clinical experience with patients indicate that distress, anxiety and depression are prevalent from early stages of the illness. Strategies to enhance psychosocial care are presented and these include early identification through screening, training for healthcare staff working with cancer patients and support not only for patients but their caregivers as well.
Anxiety ; diagnosis ; Anxiety Disorders ; Caregivers ; Depression ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; psychology

Worry is a generalized psychological phenomenon seen among most people. When worry is excessive and nearly uncontrollable, people usually suffer psychological pain. The Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children (PSWQ-C) was developed to measure worry objectively. It comprises 14 items for measuring excessive, generalized, and uncontrollable worry in children. This study, conducted with a large group of elementary children (3rd through 6th graders, ages 8-12 yr; N=973), investigated the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire for Children (PSWQ-CK). The PSWQ-CK showed high reliability by test-retest and also excellent internal consistency results. To examine the validity of the PSWQ-CK, we calculated its correlation with the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). The PSWQ-CK had a higher correlation with the worry/oversensitivity factor than with other subscales of the RCMAS, and it showed no correlation with the lie factor. When 3 reversed PSWQ-CK items were eliminated, the instrument showed higher internal consistency. However, this did not improve its correlation with other anxiety-measuring tools. In conclusion, the PSWQ-CK's reliability and validity were satisfactory, and it is a useful tool for objectively measuring the worry of Korean children of this age group.
Anxiety/*diagnosis/psychology ; Anxiety Disorders/*diagnosis/psychology ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Psychometrics ; *Questionnaires ; Reference Values ; Republic of Korea ; Translating

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of anxiety and depression state in patients with Meniere's disease, to provide objective evidence for curing Meniere's disease effectively. METHOD: Hamilton anxiety scale and Hamilton depression scale were used to quantitatively analyze the anxiety and depression state of 60 patients with untreated definite Meniere's disease and 20 normal controls. RESULT: The scores of patients with Meniere's disease was significantly higher than that of normal controls (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in scores between the males and females in Meniere's disease patients (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with Meniere's disease experienced high level of anxiety and depression. The treatment should not only focus on the physiological disorder but also the psychiatric and emotional problems.
Anxiety ; diagnosis ; Depression ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meniere Disease ; psychology ; therapy ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales

OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global public health crisis, which elicits psychological problems in different population This study is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on mental health in the front-line staff. METHODS: Patient Health Questionnare-9 (PHQ-9), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Fatigue Self-assessment Scale (FSAS) were used to assess the depression, anxiety, and fatigue in front-line staff. RESULTS: The detection rates of depression, anxiety, and fatigue were 49.1%, 21.8%, and 76.0% among the front-line staff. The rates of depression, anxiety, and fatigue in community workers were higher than those in medical workers and other occupational staff (<0.01). The PHQ-9 of front-line staffs was negatively correlated with age, family income, family members' support, satisfaction of service objects, and sleep quality (all <0.01), while positively correlated with education level, fatigue, fear of pneumonia, and the duration of daily attention to the COVID-19 (all <0.01). SAS was negatively correlated with age, family income, family support, satisfaction of objects service, and sleep quality (all <0.01), while positively correlated with gender, fatigue, fear of pneumonia, and duration of daily attention to the COVID-19 (all <0.01). CONCLUSIONS The front-line workers should manage work and rest time reasonably to adjust their negative mood and fatigue. The government and the society should pay more attention to the psychological state of the front-line staff, particularly for the staff working in the community or villages and towns in preventing the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, front-line staff can be obtained mental intervention or be taken a rest from the high-intensive work.
Anxiety ; diagnosis ; Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; prevention & control ; psychology ; Depression ; diagnosis ; Fatigue ; diagnosis ; Health Personnel ; psychology ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral ; prevention & control ; psychology

A Meige's syndrome is a rare neurological syndrome characterized by blepharospam and oromandibular dystonia. Its pathophysiology is not clearly determined yet, but the hypothesis of dopaminergic and cholinergic hyperactivity is most widely accepted. Anticholinergic drugs, antidopaminergic drugs and botulism toxin injection are currently used for the treatment of Meige's syndrome. The Meige's syndrome could be misdiagnosed as a psychaitric disorder such as conversion disorder or anxiety disorder, because clinical features of the Meige's syndrome are very variable and affected by psychological factors. The authors experienced one case of a 49-year-old female patient who was initally misdiagnosed as conversion disorder but confirmed later as Meige's syndrome, and then successfully treated.
Anxiety Disorders ; Botulism ; Conversion Disorder* ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Dystonia ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Psychology

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial factors exert a significant influence on primary headaches. However, little has been known about the agreement concerning the extent and nature of psychological processes on migraine and tension-type headache (TTH). METHODS: Fifty-five patients with primary headache were enrolled to participate in the study and 33 headache-free control subjects. A depression scale (BDI), an anxiety scale (STAI), a psychopathology scale (SCL-90-R), a stress coping scale (MCS), and a quality-of-life scale (WHOQOL-BREF) were administered to all the participants. RESULTS: The headache sufferers turned out to have various emotional problems, used more inefficient stress coping strategies and lead poor quality of life compared with those who had no headache. No distinctive psychological symptom was found between the two diagnosis groups, but the migraine group showed higher obsessive-compulsive symptoms than the TTH group, and the latter group showed higher levels of trait anxiety than the former. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the primary headache sufferers have various psychosocial problems. Accordingly, individual treatment approach focusing on the psychological symptoms is needed for the efficient management of headache.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Diagnosis ; Headache ; Humans ; Migraine Disorders* ; Psychology ; Psychopathology ; Quality of Life ; Tension-Type Headache*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Psychological distress may develop from tinnitus, or that recognition of tinnitus may even be greater during exposure to environmental stress. So, patients with tinnitus need to consider the psychologic aspect in their diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the degree and characteristics of the psychologic factors associated in patients undergoing tinnitus retraining therapy. MATERIALS AND METHOD: 119 patients with tinnitus who received the Symptom Check List-90-Revision (SCL-90-R) and a control group without tinnitus were compared first; and then 92 out of 119 patients performed the follow up study after three months of tinnitus retraining therapy. RESULTS: The results were as follows. 1. The tinnitus group scored higher than the control group in somatization, anxiety, phobic anxiety (p<0.05). 2. The gender difference, age, duration, position, hearing, and Feldmann masking curve of tinnitus were not related to the psychologic status of patients with tinnitus (p>0.05). 3. The psychologic aspect of patients with tinnitus were related to loudness, pitch, annoyance (p<0.05). 4. The follow-up study of 3 months on patients who underwent tinnitus retraining therapy showed diminished score in all components of SCL-90-R, except phobic anxiety, and paranoid (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study indicated that the compliant behaviour of tinnitus is related closely with intrinsic psychodynamic mechanism.
Anxiety ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hearing ; Humans ; Masks ; Psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tinnitus*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors of anxiety and depression in patients with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) so as to achieve early intervention and better clinical prognosis. METHODS: Seventy-six patients with suspected COVID-19 in fever isolation wards of Second Hospital of Lanzhou University were enrolled From January 31, 2020 to February 22, 2020. Their clinical baseline data were collected. The anxiety of patients was assessed by Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and the depression of patients was assessed by Hamilton Depression Scale. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the risk factors of anxiety and depression in these patients. RESULTS: Female patients are more likely to have anxiety (=3.206, 95%: 1.073-9.583, <0.05) and depression (=9.111, 95%: 2.143-38.729, <0.01) than male patients; patients with known contact history of epidemic area and personnel in epidemic area are more likely to have depression (=3.267, 95%: 1.082-9.597, <0.05). CONCLUSIONS During the isolation treatment of suspected COVID-19 patients, early psychological intervention should be carried out for the female patients with known contact history of epidemic area and personnel in epidemic area, and drug treatment should be given in advance if necessary.
Anxiety ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Betacoronavirus ; isolation & purification ; Coronavirus Infections ; complications ; diagnosis ; psychology ; Depression ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; complications ; diagnosis ; psychology ; Risk Factors

To investigate the cognitive characteristics that affect the emotional and functional distress caused by tinnitus and to decide and test the model to explain their relations, 167 patients with tinnitus, who visited Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea between March 2001 and May 2002 were recruited. To examine their features related to tinnitus, the following scales were administered; Tinnitus-related basic questionnaire including dysfunctional beliefs, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Anxious Thought and Tendencies, Self-Consciousness Scale, and modified 'catastrophic thought' from Coping Strategies Questionnaire. The results showed that the duration of experiencing tinnitus was 4.7 +/-7.1 yr, those who com-plained of hearing one sound were the most common (45.5%), and hearing sounds similarly described to whistling were the most common (22.5%). Also, there were significant correlations among tinnitus features, cognitive characteristics, and distresses from tinnitus. As a result of testing the model, Normed fit index, Incremental fit index, Tucker-Lewis index, and Comparative fit index were over .90, indicating that it is a good model, and Root mean square error of approximation showed a reasonable fit. Also, the direct effects of the trait or severity of tinnitus on distress did not appear to be significant, thus it appeared to be affecting indirectly through the cognitive characteristics. This result shows that cognitive interventions can be important for the psychological adaptations of tinnitus patients.
Anxiety Disorders/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology ; Cognition Disorders/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology ; Comorbidity ; Depression/diagnosis/epidemiology/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Korea/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Risk Assessment/*methods ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Tinnitus/*diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology

The purpose of the present study was to develop a Korean version of the trauma symptom checklist for children (TSCC) and to examine its reliability and validity for screening posttraumatic stress symptoms. A normative group of 405 children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 yr participated in the study. A test-retest procedure was conducted with 76 participants from the normative group after 4 weeks. In the traumatized group, 73 children and adolescents of the same age from the Child Sexual Abuse Treatment Center were included. Good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) for the total scale (0.95, ranging 0.79-0.85 on the clinical scales) and test-retest reliability for the total scale (r=0.91, ranging 0.71-0.87 on the clinical scales) were found. Confirmatory 6-factor analysis explained 51.1% of the variance. Other measures such as concurrent or discriminative validity were also shown to be satisfactory. In conclusion, the Korean version of TSCC has been shown to be a screening instrument with satisfactory psychometric qualities that is capable of identifying trauma symptoms among children and adolescents who have self-reported experiencing trauma or for whom clinicians have identified traumatic experiences.
Adolescent ; Analysis of Variance ; Anxiety ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Checklist/*methods ; Child ; Child Abuse, Sexual/psychology ; Depression/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders/diagnosis/psychology ; Observer Variation ; *Psychology, Adolescent ; Psychometrics ; Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/*psychology