OBJECTIVETo evaluate the antioxidant effects of Taohong Siwu decoction and to exploit the bioactive constituents.

METHODThe samples were prepared by macroporous adsorptive resins (TH-1-TH-15). Three antioxidant models were adopted to evaluate the antioxidant activities of Taohong Siwu decoction and its different separated fractions in vitro. It was found that fractions (TH-2, TH-4, TH-7, TH-8, TH-9), separated from Taohong Siwu decoction, mainly contributed to the antioxidant effects. The chemical constituents in the most active fraction TH-8 were identified and determined by HPLC.

RESULTTH-8 showed significant antioxidant activities in the antioxidant experiments. Six compounds in the fraction were determined which were amygdalin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, coumaric acid and ferulic acid. The contents were 75.70, 31.26, 60.79, 1.196, 1.108, 4.861 mg L(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONGlycosides and aromatic acids may be the principle effective constituents in the active fraction.

The medicinal Lindera aggregata(Lindera, Lauraceae) boasts abundant resources, which is widely used in clinical settings. It has been found that the main chemical constituents of this medicinal species are sesquiterpenoids, alkaloids, sesquiterpenoid dimers, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Some unreported novel structures, including lindenane-type sesquiterpene dimers and trimers, have been discovered from L. aggregata in recent years. The extracts and active components of L. aggregata have anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antalgic, liver-protecting, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, and glucose-lowering activities, and their mechanisms of action have been comprehensively investigated. This study summarizes the research on the chemical constituents and bioactivities of L. aggregata over the past decade, which is expected to serve as a reference for the future research and utilization of L. aggregata.
Lindera/chemistry* ; Alkaloids ; Flavonoids ; Antioxidants ; Sesquiterpenes/chemistry*

OBJECTIVETo establish a quick method for evaluation of the antioxidant activities based on the correlation analysis of lignans content and antioxidant activities of Schisandra chinensis fruits.

METHODThe content of five lignans components in 37 batches of S. chinensis fruits from different regions of Jilin province were measured by HPLC. Simultaneously, the antioxidant activities of the above samples were detected, such as lipid peroxidation inhibition activity in liver (LPIL), kidney (LPIK) and brain (LPIB) and the clearance rate of DPPH (CRD). Bivariate correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were carried out by the software of SPSS for windows 11.5.

RESULTThe results of bivariate correlation analysis showed that deoxyschizandrin was negative correlation (P<0.01) to the activity of LPIL, LPIB, CRD. Schisandrin was positive correlation (P<0.01) to the activity of LPIL, LPIB, CRD. Schisandrol B was also positive correlation (P<0.05 or P<0.01) to the above four kinds of antioxidant activity. The results of stepwise regression analysis were mostly consistent with the bivariate correlation analysis results. For the other 10 batches of samples, the simulated antioxidant activities according to the regression equation calculated was consistent with the measured activities.

CONCLUSIONBy using the bivariate correlation analysis and linear stepwise regression analysis, the bioactive components related to the antioxidant activity of S. chinensis fruits were found. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity of samples will be inferred according to the content of Schisandra lignans.

The coordination compound of L-hydroxyproline (Hyp)-Zn (II) was synthesized with Hyp and zinc sulfate as raw materials in water medium, coordination Synthesizing Mechanism and Antioxidant Activity of Hyp-Zn(II) coordination compound has been researched. Compared with Hyp, the infrared spectrogram of Hyp-Zn (II) coordination compound emerge a new absorption peak at 1100 cm(-1). Conclusion could be obtained that there exists a coordination effect between Hyp and ZnSO4; TG and DSC curve of Hyp and Hyp-Zn(II) coordination compound were analysed. Compared with Hyp, the peak of Hyp-Zn(II) disappear at 290 degrees C and 375 degrees C. This phenomenon confirmed the front conclusion; At the NMR graph of Hyp-Zn(II) coordination compound, the disappearance of the alpha-carboxyl-hydrogen and alpha-hydroxyl-hydrogen's peak at 3.5-3.9 ppm could indicate that combination's position of Hyp is alpha-carboxyl and alpha-hydroxyl; Structure of Hyp-Zn(II) coordination compound were exosyndrome by the Atomic Force microscopy. It is showed that centr-atom Zn(II) was surrounded by several Hyp at Hyp-Zn(II) coordination compound's phase diagram; The proportion of Hyp-Zn(H) coordination compound was determined by dialysis experiment, the proportion is 4:1; Above-mentioned determination and exosyndrome indicated that the molecular formula of Hyp-Zn (II) coordination compound is Zn(Hyp)4.H2O. The results indicated that the Hyp-Zn(II) coordination compound can inhibit hydroxyl free radicals of Zn(II), and the Percentage of Inhibition is 75.5%; the total antioxidant activities of Hyp-Zn(II) coordination compound is 80.167 u/mL, the anti-superoxide activities of Hyp-Zn (II) coordination compound is 53.19 u/mL.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; Hydroxyproline ; chemistry ; Zinc Sulfate ; chemistry

The present study was designed to isolate the polyphenol constituents of cultured cells of Saussurea involucrata. The polyphenol type constituents were isolated using chromatography methods, and then characterized by spectral analysis. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging were assayed using Vitamin C as the positive control. One new polyphenol 18, 1, 3-di-O-caffeoyl-5-O-(1-methoxyl-2-O-caffeoyl-4-maloyl)-quinic acid, together with 17 known compounds, was isolated and characterized. In conclusion, Compound 18 was a new caffeoyl maloyl quinic acid type polyphenol and showed desired vitro anti-oxidant activity. Compounds 1-5, 9, 10, 14, 15, and 17 were isolated from cultured cells of Saussurea involucrata for the first time.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Cells, Cultured ; Polyphenols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Saussurea ; chemistry

Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi or Gurjo), a herbaceous vine or climbing deciduous shrub, is consider as an important medicine in the Ayurvedic system of medication, which is available in India, China, Myanmar, Bangladesh and Srilanka. Menispermaceae is the family of this compound. T. cordifolia have a variety of properties to treat various ailments such as fevers, jaundice, diabetes, dysentery, urinary infections, and skin diseases. This compound has been subjected to many chemicals, pharmacological, pre-clinical, or clinical investigations and some new therapeutic potential effects have been indicated. This review aims to summarize the critical information concerning in areas of chemical constituents, chemical structure, and pharmacokinetic activities such as anti-diabetic, anticancer, immune-modulatory, antivirus (especially in silico study about COVID-19), antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and its effect on cardiovascular and neurological disorders as well as rheumatoid arthritis. This traditional herb needs more experimental study on the clinical, pre-clinical study, and clinical efficacy of these compounds for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and needs large-scale clinical studies to prove the clinical efficacy of this compound, especially in stress-related diseases and other neuronal disorders.
Humans ; Tinospora/chemistry* ; COVID-19 ; Plant Extracts/chemistry* ; Antioxidants/chemistry*

OBJECTIVETo purify polyphenols from Sabina vulgaris and to investigate its antioxidant properties.

METHODSPolyphenols were purified from Sabina vulgaris Antoine with macroporous resin HPD-700, and the quantity of polyphenols was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry. The antioxidant properties of polyphenols were evaluated by total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and its activities of scavenging DPPH (1,1 diphenyl-2-picry-hydrazyl) radicals, superoxide anion (O2·-), hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP).

RESULTSAfter purification, the purity of polyphenols increased from 0.053% to 0.995%.The antioxidant properties study showed that its inhibition rate of scavenging DPPH radicals and FRAP was 151.83 U/ml and 204.59 U/ml. Its scavenging capacity for superoxide anion (O2·-) and hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) was 151.83 U/ml and 204.59 U/ml. The total antioxidant capacity was 72.68 U/ml.

CONCLUSIONPolyphenols from Sabina vulgaris Antoine have high antioxidant properties, suggesting that it worth further study of its pharmacological effects.

This study aims to acetylate Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides by acetic anhydride method, optimize process parameters and evaluate their antioxidant activity. With the degree of substitution(D_s) as a criterion, the effects of reaction time, acetic anhydride-to-polysaccharides ratio and temperature were investigated. Process parameters were optimized by single-factor experiment and response surface methodology. The infrared spectroscopy(IR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) proved the successful acetylation and were employed to preliminarily analyze the structural characteristics of acetylated derivatives. The results showed that the D_s was 0.327 under the optimal technological conditions, including m(acetic anhydride):m(R. glutinosa polysaccharides)=2.70, reaction time 3.0 h and temperature 48 ℃. Further, the antioxidant properties of acetylated derivatives were investigated in vitro and acetylation was found effective to improve the antioxidant activity of R. glutinosa polysaccharides. This study provides a reference for the further development and application of R. glutinosa polysaccharides.
Acetylation ; Antioxidants/pharmacology* ; Polysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Rehmannia/chemistry*

The flower of Hibiscus syriacus has good ornamental and edible-medicinal values.In this study,four samples of two varieties,namely white multiple petals flower and pink multiple petals flower,were selected as test materials.And the optimum extraction conditions,relative molecular weight,monosaccharide composition and antioxidant activity of polysaccharides in flower were investigated.Through single factor experiment and response surface,the optimal extract conditions of polysaccharide were designed as follows:extraction temperature at 96.8℃,ratio of material to liquid of 43.5∶1 m L·g~(-1),extraction time of 3.1 h.Polysaccharides of H.syriacus flowers were analyzed by high performance gel chromatography.The average molecular masses of the 4 polysaccharide samples were1.49×10~5,1.25×10~5,1.01×10~5,1.37×10~5,respectively.Polysaccharides of H.syriacus flowers were mainly composed of glucose,mannose,galactose,rhamnose and arabinose by pre-column derivatization HPLC.The ratio of galactose was the highest in five monosaccharide,and the ratio of galactose to glucose was 1.656-4.496.In addition,crude polysaccharides of H.syriacus flowers showed potential antioxidant activity by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical(DPPH)assay,total reducing capacity assay and ABTS assay in vitro,and its antioxidant effect showed a good dose-effect relationship with the concentration of crude polysaccharides.Among the tested varieties,polysaccharides of pink multiple petals flower and white multiple petals flower had the same molecular masses and monosaccharides composition,but the antioxidant activity of the polysaccharides of pink multiple petals flower was higher than that of the white flowers.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the application of H.syriacus flower in the field of functional foods.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Flowers ; chemistry ; Hibiscus ; chemistry ; Monosaccharides ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Pigmentation ; Polysaccharides ; chemistry ; pharmacology

The present study is to study the chemical constituents from ethanol extract of Psidium guajava leaves. The constituents were separated and purified by silica gel column chromaiographios over, macroporous resin D-101, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS. Six flavonoids compounds were isolated and identified as quercetin(1), quercetin-3---D-arabinopyranoside(2), quercetin-3---D-ribopyranoside(3), quercetin-3---D-galactopyranoside(4), quercetin-3---D-glucopyranoside(5), and quercetin-3--D-xylpyranoside(6). The antioxidant effects of six flavonoids was evaluated by scavenging ability of DPPH, superoxide anion, ABTS·⁺, and reducing effect of Fe³⁺ as well as total antioxidant capacity(FRAP). Vitamin C was used as positive control. The results indicated that six flavonoids exhibited significant antioxidant effects.
Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; analysis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Psidium ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; chemistry