The role of chemotherapy has become more and more important in the whole process of gastric cancer. S-1 or XELOX regimen is regarded as the standard treatment option in adjuvant chemotherapy. First-line chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer has been established to improve survival, and the benefit from second-line chemotherapy is being acknowledged. More studies are needed to assess the neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy

This is a report of ovarian carcinoma occurring in two sisters diagnosed almost at the same time, prompting prophylactic oophorectomy in a third sister. Histology of the overtly normal ovary in the third sister showed a focus of ovarian cancer. Discussion and a review of the literature suggest that any program designed to reduce the incidence of late-stage ovarian carcinoma should include the surveillance of family members of the index case, including the performance of prophylactic oophorectomy in the unaffected members of the family after they have completed their families.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary - diagnosis

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients treated by different doses of decitabine (DAC) and its safety. METHODS: Thirty patients with high-risk MDS were all treated by demethylation drug DAC. According to the doses of DAC, 30 patients were divided into 10-day regimen [6 mg/(m RESULTS: The patients were followed up to May 2020, in the 10-day regimen group, 10 cases achieved complete remission (CR), 3 cases achieved partial remission (PR), and 2 cases were progressive disease (PD). Four cases died, including 1 case for heart failure, 2 cases for respiratory failure and 1 case for serious infection. In the 5-day regimen group, 11 cases achieved CR, 1 case achieved PR, 3 cases were PD. Five cases died, including 2 cases for heart failure and 3 for serious infection. The CR rate and ORR of the patients in the two groups were 66.67% vs 73.33%, 86.67% vs 80.00%, respectively, which showed no significant differences, and the efficacy also showed no significant difference. After treatment, the levels of WBC, NE, Hb and PLT of the patients in 10-day regimen group were higher than those in 5-day regimen. In the 10-day regimen group, there were 11 cases of pneumonia, 2 cases of bacteremia, 1 case of skin infection and 1 case of urinary tract infection. While in the 5-day regimen group, 13 cases of pneumonia, 5 cases bacteremia, 1 case of skin infection and 3 cases of urinary tract infection. There were 2 cases with mild gastrointestinal response in the 10-day regimen group, and 7 cases with obvious nausea and anorexia in the 5-day regimen group. The symptoms were relieved after the treatment of acid suppression, stomach protection and antiemetic. The liver, kidney and heart function were monitored. One case liver function damage and 2 cases cardiac insufficiency were observed in the 10-day regimen group. Seven cases regimen cardiac insufficiency and 4 cases regimen liver function damage were observed in the 5-day regimen group. CONCLUSION 10-day regimen and 5-day regimen are equally effective, but 10-day regimen is less myelosuppressive and more safer, which can be applied in clinical.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Azacitidine/therapeutic use* ; Cytarabine/therapeutic use* ; Decitabine/therapeutic use* ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome

Despite the reduced incidence and mortality, gastric cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death in Korea. Metastatic gastric cancer is regarded as an incurable condition, and chemotherapy is usually accepted as standard palliation. A number of randomized studies were performed comparing supportive care strategies with intravenous chemotherapy. The results demonstrated that systemic treatment can actually improve overall survival and quality of life to a certain extent. However, there is no agreement for standard of treatment in this setting. Recently, a number of newer compounds such as taxanes, topoisomerase I inhibitors and oral fluoropyrimidines have been intensively studied. The surgical resection still remains as the cornerstone of gastric cancer treatment. However, the high rate of recurrence and poor survival after surgery provides a rationale for the early use of adjuvant treatment. A large intergroup study (INT-0116) showed that combined chemoradiation following to gastric resection improves median time to relapse and overall survival. Future advances in the therapy of advanced and resectable gastric cancers may come from the application of new cytotoxic and molecularly targeted agents such as growth factor receptor antagonists and anti-angiogenesis agents.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/*therapeutic use ; English Abstract ; Humans ; Palliative Care ; Stomach Neoplasms/*drug therapy

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interferons ; Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell ; drug therapy ; Recurrence ; Thalidomide

The incidence of cancer increases with age and most elderly patients will choose chemotherapy, and the complications of cytotoxic chemotherapy will be more common in these patients. Therefore, it is particularly important to predict the chemotherapy toxicity for the elderly patients. This review article summarizes the recent chemotherapy risk assessment tools for the elderly patients.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Risk Assessment

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of low-dose decitabine (DAC) alone for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) Methods: Fifty-one patients with meddle- and high-risk MDS were selected, and were randomly divided into A, B and C groups according to the drug regimens: the therapeutic regimen in A group consisted of low dose DAC 10 mg/(m·d)×7 d; the therapeutic regimen in B group: normal dose DAC 20 mg/(m·d) ×5 d; the therapeutic regimen in C group: low dose DAC+CAG DAC 10 mg/(m·d) d 1-5，cytarabine 10 mg/(m·d) q12h d 1-7, aclaromycin 10 mg/d d 1-4，G-CSF 200 μg/(m·d), d 1-7. All patients in 3 groups were treated for 4 circles. The efficacy and response were compared among 3 groups. RESULTS: The complete remission rates (CR%) in A, B and C groups were 18.75%, 22.22% and 23.53% respectively, and the overall response rate (ORR%) in A, B and C groups were 56.25%, 61.11% and 58.82% respectively, without statistical difference among 3 groups (P＞0.05)．After 1 year of follow-up, the survival rate was not significantly different among 3 groups, the blood cell accounts were higher than the basic value. After 1 course of treatment, the inhibition rate of III-IV grade myelosuppression was statistically significantly different among the 3 groups (P＜0.05), and the infection rate among 3 groups also was statistically different, The incidence of myelosuppression and infection in A group was significantly lower than that in B and C groups. The per capita blood transfusion during the four-month treatment was not statistically different among 3 groups. however, that in the A group was lesser than B and C groups. CONCLUSION The therapeutic efficacy of low dose decitabine alone for treatment of MDS is equal to routine dose decitabine and decitabine plus CAG, but the low dose group shows less myelosuppressive and more safe effects.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Cytarabine ; Decitabine ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of carfilzomib in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS: Computer was used to search PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane library and MEDLINE databases for carfilzomib treatment of MM. Clinical features and results were extracted and meta-analysis was performed using Stata12.0 software. RESULTS: Twelve eligible Phase I/II, II and III clinical trials of carfilzomib were extracted and 2 487 MM patients involved in evaluable. The summary analysis showed that the rate of complete response (CR) of carfilzomib treatment was 28%, the rate of ≥very good partial response (VGPR) was 73%, and the rate of overall response rate (0RR) was 93%; the 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate of MM patients was 93%, the 2-year PFS rate was 85%, and the 3-year PFS rate was 74%. Three randomized controlled trials showed a significant improvement in ORR [OR=1.644, 95% CI=(1.056, 2.560) ] (P＜0.05) and clinical benefit rate (CBR) in MM patients [OR=1.595, 95%) CI=(1.044, 2.435) ] (P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the OR of cardiotoxicity (P＜0.05) was significantly increased, while that of peripheral neuropathy (P＞0.05) was not significantly changed. CONCLUSION Compared with traditional treatments, carfilzomib significantly improves survival in the patients with multiple myeloma without increasing the incidence of peripheral neuropathy, but the incidence of cardiotoxicity seems higher.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; drug therapy ; Oligopeptides ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction