1.Research progress on the source, production, and anti-cancer mechanisms of paclitaxel.
Yan-Hua YANG ; Jia-Wang MAO ; Xiao-Li TAN
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (English Ed.) 2020;18(12):890-897
Paclitaxel, a tetracyclic diterpenoid compounds, was firstly isolated from the bark of the Pacific yew trees. Currently, as a low toxicity, high efficiency, and broad-spectrum natural anti-cancer drug, paclitaxel has been widely used against ovarian cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, and other cancers. As the matter of fact, natural paclitaxel from Taxus species has been proved to be environmentally unsustainable and economically unfeasible. For this reason, researchers from all over the world are devoted to searching for new ways of obtaining paclitaxel. At present, other methods, including artificial cultivation of Taxus plants, microbial fermentation, chemical synthesis, tissue and cell culture have been sought and developed subsequently. Meanwhile, the biosynthesis of paclitaxel is also an extremely attractive method. Unlike other anti-cancer drugs, paclitaxel has its unique anti-cancer mechanisms. Here, the source, production, and anti-cancer mechanisms of paclitaxel were summarized and reviewed, which can provide theoretical basis and reference for further research on the production, anti-cancer mechanisms and utilization of paclitaxel.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*
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Humans
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Neoplasms/drug therapy*
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Paclitaxel/pharmacology*
2.Research progress of bioactivity of steroidal saponins in recent ten years.
Xing LIU ; Jiang-li YU ; Min LIU ; Ji-cheng SHU ; Hui-lian HUANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(13):2518-2523
Steroidal saponins have a wide range of pharmacological effects and biological activities, such as anti-tumor, antifungal, hypoglycemic, immune regulation, insecticides, etc. In the last ten years, some new structures of steroidal saponins compounds were found from natural plants, they have some new and different activities. In order to accelerate the research on the drug innovation of steroidal saponins, we summarized the new progress of the research on such compounds.
Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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pharmacology
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Antifungal Agents
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pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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pharmacology
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Humans
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Hypoglycemic Agents
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pharmacology
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Saponins
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pharmacology
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Steroids
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pharmacology
3.Advances in study of anticancer properties of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus.
Quan-kui LAI ; Rui-lin TAO ; Yu-jia ZHAO ; Rui-fei ZI ; Quan HE
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(24):4811-4816
A commonly used Chinese crude drug Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus has been shown to possess good anticancer activities and related properties such as antioxidation, nitrite scavenging, nitrosamine synthesis blocking and immune enhancement, and has been widely used as an effective auxiliary drug in the treatment of some malignant tumors. This paper systematically reviews the advances in the study of anticancer-related activities of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus's various components such as raw juice, extracts, saponins, volatile oil, polysaccharides, nitrogen compounds, etc.
Allium
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chemistry
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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pharmacology
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Antioxidants
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pharmacology
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Humans
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Oils, Volatile
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pharmacology
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Plant Extracts
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pharmacology
4.Research progress in anti-tumor effect of emodin.
Wan-fu LIN ; Chen WANG ; Chang-quan LING
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(20):3937-3940
Emodin is one of the main active ingredient of Rheum palmatum, and has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and other effects. In recent years, it arouse concern since it has a significant anti-tumor effect with low toxicity. In this paper we mainly report the anti-cancer effects of emodin according to the studies of the past five years, including four parts such as inhibit tumor growth, inhibit migration and invasion, enhance the efficacy of combination therapy, increase chemosensitivity and attenuated side effects. We hope that our work may provide a reference for further study.
Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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chemistry
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pharmacology
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Emodin
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chemistry
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pharmacology
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Humans
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Neoplasms
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drug therapy
5.Triterpenes constituents from male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides.
Yan-Xia DING ; Teng-Yu WANG ; Yao-Wen ZHANG ; Yu-Mei HUANG ; Lin MA ; Dong-dong LI ; De-Qiang DOU ; Qin LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2014;39(21):4225-4229
Nine triterpenes compounds were isolated from the male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides by recrystallization and chromatographic techniques over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18 gel. Their chemical structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and as 3-oxo-12-en-ursane-28-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 2α, 3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(28 --> 1) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), ursolic acid (3), α-amyrin (4), uvaol (5), ursolic acid acetate (6), 3-O-acetate oleanoic acid (7), betulinic acid (8), and betulinol (9). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were isolated from the Eucommiu genus for the first time. Cytotoxic activity was tested for all the compounds against K562 and HepG2 cells. The results showed that only compound 3, exhibited cytotoxic activity.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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pharmacology
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Eucommiaceae
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chemistry
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Hep G2 Cells
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Humans
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K562 Cells
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Triterpenes
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analysis
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pharmacology
6.Components of myrsinane-type diterpenes from Euphorbia prolifera.
Jie LI ; Wei ZHAO ; Liang DENG ; Xiang-Rong LI
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2011;40(4):380-383
OBJECTIVETo extract and isolate the component from myrsinane-type diterpenes of Euphorbia prolifera.
METHODSPetroleum extraction and chromatography on the silica gel were used to extract and isolate the diterpenes of Euphorbia prolifera.
RESULTSEight components of myrsinol diterpenes were isolated, namely: Proliferin A(1), Proliferin B (2), Proliferin C(3), Proliferin D(4), Euphorprolitherin B(5), Euphorprolitherin D(6), SPr5(7) and 14-desoxo-3-O-prorionyl-5, 15-di-O-acetyl-7-O-nicotinoyl-myrsinol-14β-acetate(8). Their structures were identified with mass-spectroscopic methods and NMR techniques. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, 2, and 4 against cancer cells was evaluated, with compound 1 being active against A2780 cancer cells (IC(50) 7.7 μmol/L).
CONCLUSIONMyrsinane-type diterpene Proliferin A from Euphorbia prolifera shows cytotoxic effect against human ovarian cancer cell line A2780.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Diterpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Euphorbia ; chemistry ; Humans
7.Anti-tumor activity of components isolated from purple sweet potato polysaccharides.
Jing ZHAO ; Hong RUAN ; Qiu-ping GAO ; Meng-ya LI ; Ye-qi TAO ; Ying ZHENG
Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences 2011;40(4):365-373
OBJECTIVETo isolate and purify components from polysaccharides of purple sweet potato (PPSP) and to test their anti-tumor activity.
METHODSDEAE-Cellulose and CM-Cellulose exchange chromatography were applied to separate components of PPSP. The anti-tumor activities of each component were measured by MTT assay on Hela and HepG(2) cells and their monosaccharide composition were analyzed by TLC chromatography, followed by infrared spectroscopy studies.
RESULTSThrough weak anion exchange chromatography and gradient elution by sodium chloride solution, four components were separated and named as PPSP, PPSPII, PPSPIII and PPSPIV, respectively. MTT tests showed that PPSP II and PPSPIII inhibited Hela and HepG2 tumor cells in a certain extent. The structural analysis revealed that PPSPI was mainly composed of glucose and galactose, PPSP II was composed of glucose and had a typical absorption peak of β-D-glucose chitosan pyranose, PPSP III was a glycoprotein showing a protein absorption peak.
CONCLUSIONFour components were separated from PPSP successfully, among which PPSP II and PPSP III shows anti-tumor activities on Hela and HepG(2) cells in vitro.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; HeLa Cells ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Ipomoea batatas ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology
8.Chemical constituents and cytotoxicity assay research in small polar substances from Vitis thunbergii var. taiwaniana.
Chao JIANG ; Wen-zhu WANG ; Xiao-jun LIAO ; De-quan ZENG ; Ting LING ; Shi-lan XU ; Jin-zhang ZENG ; Hai-feng CHEN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(15):2999-3004
This article studied the chemical constituents from the aerial part of Vitis thunbergii var. taiwaniana. The 60% ethanol extract was eluted with 95% ethanol though HP-20 macroporous adsorption resin column. 12 compounds, including (1) betulinic acid, (2)2, 2, 2'-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane bis (2, 3-epoxypropyl) ether, (3) eriodictyol, (4) trans-ε-viniferin, (5) (+)-cis-ε-viniferin, (6) kobophenol A, (7) ampelopsin A, (8) nepalensinol B, (9) cis-miyabenol C, (10) cis-vitisin B, (11) cis-gnetin H and (12) (+)-hopeaphenol, were separated by using normal phase silica gel, ODS, Sephdadex LH-20 column chromatographies and semi-preparative or preparative HPLC. Compounds 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 were separated from the genus Vitis for the first time and compounds 3, 7, 12 were separated from Vitis thunbergii var. taiwaniana for the first time. At a concentration of 50 μmol · L(-1), compound 6, 7 and 11 showed strong cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell lines with the inhibition rate of 66.58%, 57.16%, 52.84%, respectively.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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pharmacology
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Humans
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MCF-7 Cells
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Plant Extracts
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analysis
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pharmacology
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Vitis
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chemistry
9.Advance of chemistry and bioactivities of catechin and its analogues.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2004;29(10):1017-1021
Catechin and its analogues are varied and distributed widely. They have significant bioactivity on clearing free radical, anti-cancer, anti-flammatory, anti-allergic, anti-mutation, anti-aging, improving liver function, and so on. Recently, catechins (GTC) in green tea have given rise to comprehensive attention all over the world, and will have a wonderful prospect. The progress in studies of the structures, spectrum characters, resources and bioactivities of catechin and its analogues has been reviewed.
Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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pharmacology
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Catechin
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analogs & derivatives
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chemistry
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pharmacology
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Free Radical Scavengers
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pharmacology
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Humans
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Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
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pharmacology
10.Advances on biological activities of coumarins.
Shao-Yul ZHANG ; Lin MENG ; Wen-Yuan GAO ; Nai-Ning SONG ; Wei JIA ; Hong-Quan DUAN
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2005;30(6):410-414
This paper reviewed the advances on effective constituents and biological activities of coumarins in recent ten years. Coumarins are a group of important natural compounds, and have been found to have multi-biological activities such as anti-HIV, anti-tumor, anti-hypertension, anti-arrhythmia, anti-osteoporosis, assuaging pain, preventing asthma and antisepsis. Therefore, further investigation should emphasize on improving techniques for extraction and separation, searching the effective precursory compound, and synthesizing and screening out courmarin derivatives with high activity and low toxicity.
Animals
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Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
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pharmacology
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Anti-HIV Agents
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pharmacology
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Antihypertensive Agents
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pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
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pharmacology
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Coumarins
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isolation & purification
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pharmacology
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Humans
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Plants, Medicinal
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chemistry