*Alkaloids ; *Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Chemistry ; *Harringtonines

Alkaloids ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Harringtonines

Emodin is one of the main active ingredient of Rheum palmatum, and has anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and other effects. In recent years, it arouse concern since it has a significant anti-tumor effect with low toxicity. In this paper we mainly report the anti-cancer effects of emodin according to the studies of the past five years, including four parts such as inhibit tumor growth, inhibit migration and invasion, enhance the efficacy of combination therapy, increase chemosensitivity and attenuated side effects. We hope that our work may provide a reference for further study.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Emodin ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the constituents of the Annona squamosa and evaluate their anti-tumor activity.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by spectral data analysis. Their anti-tumor activity was assayed by SRB method.

RESULTEleven compounds were obtained from the 95% EtOH extract. The structures were determined as: annosquamosin C(1),15, 16-epoxy-17-hydroxy-ent-kau-ran-19-oic acid (2),16,17-dihydroxy-ent-kau-ran-19-oic acid(3), annosquamosin A(4), ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (5), 19-nor-ent-kauran4-ol-17-oic acid (6),16-hydroxy ent-kau ran-19-oic acid (7), ent-15beta-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (8), annosquamosin B (9), ent-16beta, 17-dihydroxykauran-19-al (10), 16, 17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid me thyl ester (11). Compounds 1,2,3,5,9 showed different inhibitory activities against 95-D lung cancer cells,the effect of compound 5 was strongest with the IC50 value 7.78 micromol x L(-1); Compounds 2, 5, 9 showed inhibitory activities against A2780 ovarian cancer cells, the effects of compounds 2 and 9 were strong with the IC50 values being 0.89, 3.10 micromol x L(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompound 2 was firstly isolated from this family, while compound 8 and 10 were first found from this genus and the title species, respectively. The in vitro anti-tumor test showed compound 5 significantly inhibited 95-D lung cancer cells and compounds 2 and 9 exhibited remarkbale activity against A2780 ovarian cancer cells.

To investigate the chemical compounds from the twigs of Euonymus alatus, nine compounds were isolated and identified as(+)-delta(2,11)-enaminousnic acid(1), 11-keto-beta-boswellic acid(2), acetyl 11-keto-beta-boswellic acid(3), camaldulenic acid(4), betulinic acid(5), 6beta-hydroxy-stigmast-4-en-3-one(6), 5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone(7), ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate(8), 4,4'-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl(9). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. Among them, compound 1 was a new natural product. Compounds 2-4 and 7-9 were obtained from the Euonymus genus for the first time. In vitro study showed that compounds 2 and 3 showed significant anti-tumor activities to BEL-7402 and HCT-8 at the concentration of 10 mg x L(-1). The inhibition rate of compound 2 was 61.78% and 68.29%, whereas the inhibition rate of compound 3 had reached to 70.91% and 84.07%.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Euonymus ; chemistry ; Humans

Paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents in wild Taxus cuspidata were determined by HPLC. The results indicated that paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents in T. cuspidate at the sunny side were slightly higher than that at the shadow side in the current-year and biennial branches. Paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents had no obvious regularity in leaves. Paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents were both the highest in the bark, then in the current-year branches, lower in the current-year leaves, and the lowest in the fruits. There were no remarkable correlation between stem diameter and paclitaxel and cephalomannine contents in the current-year branches and leaves. Significant difference was observed among samples collected in different period, and higher paclitaxel and cephalomannine concentrations were detected at the dormancy stage than that at the flower and fruit stages.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Paclitaxel ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Structures ; chemistry ; Taxoids ; analysis ; chemistry ; Taxus ; chemistry

Gamboge, the resin of Garcinia hanburyi has had a long history of use as the traditional dye as well as a complementary and alternative medicine. The antitumor activities of gamboge have been well demonstrated by inhibiting the growth and progression of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. In order to further clarify the mode of action of gamboge, there are three key questions needed to be answered, including what's in gamboge? How do the chemical components from gamboge work on cancer cells? How do biological systems work on the chemical components from gamboge after administration? In this review, we summarize the explorations of the answers toward these questions according to the recent progress in both of chemistry and biology research of gamboge. In addition, the implication in the future research and discovery of the caged G. xanthones as anticancer agents is also discussed.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Garcinia ; chemistry ; Humans ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Resins, Plant ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE: Three fractions (SM, SM-A, SM-B) were prepared from different polarity parts of Ipomoea batatas Lam. (cv.simon) leaves and the anti-tumor potency as well as the dose-response relations were evaluated. METHODS: The anti-tumor activities of fraction SM, SM-A or SM-B were screened by MTS in human hepatic cancer Hep3B cells, lung cancer A549 cells or gastric carcinoma MGC803 cells, respectively. RESULTS: The three fractions all showed anti-tumor activities in three cancer cells with different sensitivity. Among them, SM-B was the most potent fraction with IC50 values at 15.17 mg/L, 72.64 mg/L or 165.47 mg/L in MGC803 cells, A549 cells or Hep3B cells, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Th e extraction of Brazil sweet potato leaves displayed anti-tumor activity and SM-B was the most potent fraction.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Ipomoea batatas ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

According to documents of recent fifty years the article summarized the herbalogical study, processing, chemical constituent, quality standard, pharmacologic action and clinical study of Oroxylum indicum. The chemical constituents mainly are flavonoids, glycoside and volatile oil. It also contains pterocarpan and rhodioside with p-hydroxyphenylethanols and cyclohexanols. Quantitative index was added in the quality standard of china pharmacopeia since 1995, but the quantitative standard is blank at the present, and the baicalin was mostly used for quantitative standard in the documents which lack of mark. Baicalein -7-O-diglucoside didn't existed in the other plants. It's mark will do good to the enhancement of quality standard. Pharmacologic action and clinical study were mainly anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenesis, antibiosis, anticancera,and coughing.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Bignoniaceae ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Nine triterpenes compounds were isolated from the male flowers of Eucommia ulmoides by recrystallization and chromatographic techniques over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and RP-18 gel. Their chemical structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and as 3-oxo-12-en-ursane-28-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl (1 --> 6) -β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 2α, 3β-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(28 --> 1) -β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), ursolic acid (3), α-amyrin (4), uvaol (5), ursolic acid acetate (6), 3-O-acetate oleanoic acid (7), betulinic acid (8), and betulinol (9). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were isolated from the Eucommiu genus for the first time. Cytotoxic activity was tested for all the compounds against K562 and HepG2 cells. The results showed that only compound 3, exhibited cytotoxic activity.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Eucommiaceae ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; pharmacology