Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Hypolipidemic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Lipids

Radiotherapy has been offered to patients with pancreatic cancer, either in the adjuvant or definitive setting. However, the role of radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer is increasingly doubted, especially after the introduction of gemcitabine to both domains. Although contradictory data exist, combined chemoradiotherapy improves both quantity and quality of life for patients with locally advanced tumors compared with radiotherapy alone or chemotherapy alone. Recently, induction chemotherapy strategy is being evaluated for better selection of patients for optimal benefit from consolidative chemoradiotherapy. Much controversy has been suggested concerning the role of adjuvant radiotherapy, but quality assurance for radiotherapy was not considered in the previously reported studies. Combined chemoradiotherapy in the adjuvant setting is still considered as a viable option. Current phase III randomized on-going studies will provide better answers on the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Antimetabolites/therapeutic use ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Fluorouracil/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/*radiotherapy

No abstract available.
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/*therapeutic use ; Deoxycytidine/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatic Neoplasms/*drug therapy

Animals ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; adverse effects ; Fluorouracil ; adverse effects ; Male ; Rats ; Spermatozoa ; abnormalities

OBJECTIVE: To investigate a reliable clinical indication for predicting the therapeutic response of decitabine therapy in the patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). METHODS: The clinical efficacy of decitabine for 55 cases of MDS was analyzed retrospectively. According to the lymphocyte level at d28 after the first time treatment with decitabine, the patients were divided into high lymphocyte level group (H-Lym≥1.2×10/L) and low lymphocyte level group (L-Lym<1.2×10/L), and the overall response rate (ORR) and the progression-free survival (PFS) time in 2 groups were compared. RESULTS: As compared with L-Lym group, the ORR and PFS time in H-Lym group were significantly enhanced ［(76.0% vs 50.0%) (P<0.05) and median time (15.7 months vs 8.5 months)(P<0.05), respectively］;the ratio of platelet level ≥100×10/L in H-Lym group was very significantly higher than that in L-Lym group (72.0% vs 20.0%)(P<0.01). Multivariat analysis showed that the risk of disease progression in L-Lym group was 4.45-fold of H-Lym group (95% CI:1.58-12.59)(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The patients with lymphocyte level ≥1.2×10/L at day 28 after the first time treatment with decitabine show the higher ORR and longer PFS time, therefore. the lymphocyte level at day 28 after first time treatment with decitabine can be used as an early clinical indicator for predecting the response to decitabine treatment.
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; Decitabine ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

As an important drug during maintenance treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) has several side effects, including hepatotoxicity and bone marrow suppression. Since its tolerability varies from person to person, 6-MP treatment should be individualized. The deficiency of thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) enzyme activity is associated with 6-MP intolerance. There is a lower frequency of mutation in TPMT alleles among Asian patients. Recent studies have shown that in ALL patients with NUDT15 gene mutation, the maximum tolerated dose of 6-MP is lower than the conventional dose. The article reviews the significance of NUDT15 gene in individualized treatment with 6-MP in children with ALL.
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; Child ; Humans ; Mercaptopurine ; Methyltransferases ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Pyrophosphatases ; genetics

This study was aimed to investigate the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim) of HL-60 cells induced by cytarabine and the correlation between mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis of HL-60 cells. HL-60 cells were stained with Rhodamine 123; change of mitochondrial membrane potential of HL-60 cells was detected by flow cytometry. AO/EB staining and flow cytometry were used to examine the apoptosis of HL-60 cells. The results showed that the levels of HL-60 cell DeltaPsim in experimental groups decreased after cultured for 6 hours. In Ara-C 0.05 mg/ml group, rhodamine 123 fluorescence intensity in mitochondria of HL-60 cells at 6, 12, 24 hours were 117.9+/-7.6, 100.9+/-7.7, 87.6+/-10.7, respectively, there was significant difference between the different culture groups (p<0.05). In Ara-C 0.1 mg/ml group, rhodamine 123 fluorescence intensity in mitochondria of HL-60 cells at 6, 12, 24 hours were 111.9+/-10.1, 86.6+/-9.2, 68.4+/-12.2, respectively, there was significant difference between the different culture groups (p<0.05); rhodamine 123 fluorescence intensity was significantly different between the two groups at 12, 24 hours (p<0.05). In Ara-C 0.05 mg/ml group, the apoptosis rate of HL-60 cells at 6, 12, 24 hours were (41.2+/-3.0)%, (53.7+/-5.1)%, (65.8+/-2.6)% respectively, there was significant difference between the different culture groups (p<0.01); In Ara-C 0.1 mg/ml group, the apoptosis rate of HL-60 cells at 6, 12, 24 hours were (45.7+/-4.1)%, (58.2+/-4.3)%, (70.1+/-2.3)% respectively, there was significant difference between the different culture groups (p<0.01); the apoptosis rates showed no significantly difference between the two groups at same time. The changes of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis rate of HL-60 cells were significantly negatively correlated. In Ara-C 0.05 mg/ml group, r was -0.89, p<0.01, while in Ara-C 0.1 mg/ml group, r was -0.76, p<0.01. It is concluded that the mitochondrial membrane potential on HL-60 cells decrease at HL-60 cells apoptosis induced by Ara-C, therefore the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential may be one of the important mechanisms at the induced apoptosis.
Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cytarabine ; pharmacology ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; drug effects

Aged ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; therapeutic use ; Azacitidine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic ; drug therapy

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; adverse effects ; Child ; Female ; Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Male ; Thioguanine ; adverse effects

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Methotrexate ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy