Targeted agents increase response rates and improved overall survival in treatment of metastatic gastrointestinal cancer. Therefore, physicians pay more attention to the role of targeted agents in treatment of local advanced gastrointestinal cancer. The clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the efficacy of Trastuzumab in neoadjuvant treatment of local advanced gastric cancer with HER-2 gene over expression. Many studies reported Cetuximab plus chemotherapy as a conversion treatment improve R0 resection rates and prolonged overall survival of the patients with potentially resectable colorectal cancer liver metastasis with wild type KRAS gene status. A phase III( clinical trial is assessing the conversion efficacy of Bevacizumab in unresectable disease with KRAS gene mutation. Current evidence showed that neoadjuvant therapy of targeted agents did not prolong survival of patients with resectable liver metastasis. However, this is controversial. In neoadjuvant therapy of local advanced rectal cancer, Cetuximab did not improve the rates of pathological complete response in most of the phase II( trials. Furthermore, there are no phase III( trials to assess the role of Bevacizumab. Compared to chemotherapy alone for metastatic cancer, it is more important to evaluate the interaction and synergistic action of targeted agents, cytotoxic drugs, surgery and radiation, to make a scientific multidisciplinary model in comprehensive treatment of local advanced cancer.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Bevacizumab ; Cetuximab ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Trastuzumab

No abstract available.
Adalimumab ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

No abstract available.
Adalimumab ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prophylactic effects of a fixed combination of dorsolamide/timolol on intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation before intravitreal anti-VEGF injection. METHODS: A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 91 eyes of 91 patients undergoing intravitreal anti-VEGF injection. The eyes were randomly divided into 2 groups, the eyes which had used the fixed prophylactic dorsolamide/timolol combination (group 1, 58 eyes) and the eyes which had not used the combination (group 2, 15 eyes). The IOP was measured one hour and 5 minutes prior to the procedure, 5 minutes interval up to 30 minutes after the procedure and one hour, 1 day, 7 days, and one month after the procedure. The IOP changes were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean 5 minutes and 30 minutes postoperative IOPs were 14.12 +/- 4.18 mm Hg and 10.87 +/- 1.58 mm Hg in group 1 and 28.21 +/- 3.16 mm Hg and 17.48 +/- 2.34 mm Hg in group 2, respectively. After IVBI, the mean 5 min postoperative IOP was 12.17 +/- 1.13 mm Hg in group 1 and 27.12 +/- 3.35 mm Hg in group 2. After IVRI, the mean 5 minutes postoperative IOP was 15.98 +/- 4.14 mm Hg in group 1 and 25.19 +/- 1.04 mm Hg in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic use of a fixed dorsolamide/timolol combination before intravitreal anti-VEGF injection is an easy and safe method of preventing IOP elevation immediately after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab or ranibizumab.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Eye ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections ; Prospective Studies ; Timolol ; Bevacizumab ; Ranibizumab

PURPOSE: To investigate the development of new choroidal neovascularization in fellow eyes of patients treated for unilateral exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Three hundred fourteen patients who were first diagnosed with unilateral exudative AMD and treated with intravitreal bevacizumab or ranibizumab were studied retrospectively. RESULTS: New exudative AMD developed in 7.0% of fellow eyes after 1 year, 10.8% after 2 years and 13.7% after more than 2 years. According to the subtype of exudative AMD, there were no significant differences between classic CNV, occult or minimally classic CNV, and PCV in the incidence of new exudative AMD. After 2 years, a higher conversion rate was found in the bevacizumab-treated group than the ranibizumab-treated group. CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative incidence of involvement in fellow eyes with exudative AMD was 13.7% over 2 years.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Choroid* ; Choroidal Neovascularization* ; Eye* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Macular Degeneration* ; Bevacizumab ; Ranibizumab

PURPOSE: A colorectal carcinoma is the fourth most common malignancy in the world. Unfortunately, only approximately 20% of the liver metastases are resectable at the initial presentation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been used for downsizing in unresectable disease. In addition, the use of newer biologic agents, such as cetuximab and bevacizumab, has much improved responses in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases. The aim of this study was to report on patients who had received a curative resection following neoadjuvant chemotherapy including a molecularly targeted agent for unresectable colorectal liver metastases. METHODS: Following the neoadjuvant chemotherapy using cetuximab plus FOLFIRI (irinotecan and infused fluorouracil plus leucovorin) or bevacizumab plus FOLFOX (oxaliplatin and infused fluorouracil plus leucovorin), 10 patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases underwent a curative surgical resection between September 2005 and June 2007. RESULTS: One patient underwent a right lobectomy, three patients a segmentectomy and five a wedge resection with or without radiofrequency ablation. With a median postoperative follow-up of 14 months (range, 1 to 22 months), five recurrences (50%) occurred. The common toxic effects were grade 2/3 skin toxicity (60%), grade 4 hematologic toxicity (20%), grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity (10%), and grade 3 neurologic toxicity (10%). CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary data suggests that neoadjuvant chemotherapy including a molecularly targeted agent may improve resectability in patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases although a high recurrence rate exists. Randomized prospective studies comparing neoadjuvant chemotherapy including a targeted agent in cases of unresectable colorectal liver metastases are warranted.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Bevacizumab ; Cetuximab ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Fluorouracil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Skin

In Korea, the incidence of colorectal cancer has rapidly increased in both men and women during recent two decades, and now it is the third most common cancer. Deaths related to colorectal cancer has also rapidly increased. Currently, the fourth most common cause of cancer related death is that originated from colon cancer. Over the past several years, there was a significant improvement in survival of patients who suffered from colorectal cancer and it is partly due to the introduction of newer chemotherapeutic agents such as oxaliplatin, irinotecan, bevacizumab and cetuximab, and refined radiotherapy which can be delivered preoperatively or postoperatively. However, surgery still remains the only curative modality for early stage colorectal cancer and the principal one for locally advanced colorectal cancer. The goal in surgical treatment for colorectal cancer is to maximize not only the oncologic outcome through performing wide excision of the tumor bearing area and associated lymphatics with attention to the blood supply to that segment, but also to enhance the functional outcomes including preservation of bowel, anorectal and genitourinary function. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of standard strategies in surgical management of colorectal cancer as well as a discussion of some of the important issues pertaining to the surgery.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Bevacizumab ; Camptothecin ; Cetuximab ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; Ursidae

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Humans ; Rectum* ; Cetuximab

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Bevacizumab ; Cyclophosphamide ; Ovarian Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Arthritis, Psoriatic* ; Adalimumab ; Infliximab