NSAIDs user has a risk of gastrointestinal toxicity. Endoscopy is often used in studies of NSAIDs to determine the extent to which the studied drug causes gastrointestinal damage. Most patients taking NSAIDs will develop acute superficial damage to the gastric mucosa, including haemorrhages and erosions. However, in many cases there are no symptoms. The main role of endoscopy is to diagnose gastroduodenal damage in patients who have signs and symptoms e.g. dyspepsia, upper abdominal pain... NSAIDs with improved gastrointestinal tolerability, such as meloxicam, may now reduce the incidents of adverse gastrointestinal events.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Enteritis

Studies during 1970-1980 reported that 40% patients used the NAIDs suffered the gastrointestinal complication, commonly upper abdominal pain, dyspepsia; heart-burn and sour at least one time in the first week of drug administration occurred in 29% patients. About a haft million patients suffered the severe complications, even death due to the gastrointestinal toxicity of the drug. The discovering 2 subclasses of the cyclooxygenase enzyme COX and COX1 and new NSAIDs that have selective activity on the COX2 helped reducing significantly side effects of these valuable drugs. However any drug is always considered double way knife.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

A survey on adverse effect of NSAID in the gastrointestinal tract in Rheumatic Department of one hospital showed that: gastrointestinal complications of NSAID were common. 26.3% patients were 40-59 years old. 27% patients had the medical history with NSAID. 18.6% cases had gastric complication when combining NSAID (acid derivation) with corticoid
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular

Isopropylantipyrine is one of the pyrazolon derivatives which are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with potent antipyretic and pain-relieving properties. It has been known that pyrazolon-hypersensitive patients, in contrast to ASA-sensitive patients, could safely use other NSAIDs. We describe two Korean patients with isopropylantipyrine hypersensitivity without ASA/NSAID hypersensitivity.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity*

BACKGROUND

Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) remains the most common complication following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Rectal indomethacin is one of the recommended medications given to prevent pancreatitis in high-risk patients undergoing ERCP.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of diclofenac in preventing PEP, to compare its different routes of administration, and to determine the severity of pancreatitis in patients who develop PEP.

Databases from PubMed, ScienceDirect and COCHRANE Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing diclofenac with placebo in the prevention of PEPup to August 2020. Risk ratio at 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the incidence of the interested outcomes.

Eleven RCTs with a total population of 2,012 were reviewed in this study. Diclofenac was associated with a significant reduction in overall risk of PEP compared with patients with placebo (RR = 0.59; 95%, 0.47 0.74; P < 0.000001), with a mild heterogeneity (P = 0.05; I2 = 41%). Subgroup analyses showed that rectal diclofenac was the superior choice to significantly reduce the overall incidence of PEP(RR = 0.34; 95%, 0.23-0.51; P < 0.000001).

Rectal diclofenac significantly reduces the risk of PEPand therefore, should be recommended as routine for clinical use in adult patients who will undergo ERCP.

Investigation 54 E.coli strains isolated from nosocomial infection. The results as follows: - Only 46 of 54 E.coli strains were frequent positive with the afa pair of prime (85.2%). None of them have both afa and virulent genes for diarrhea. - Antibiotic resistance of E.coli (it was frequent afa positive) with ampicillin (80.4%), co-trimoxazol (58.7%) and cephalothin (56.5%). Antibiotic susceptibility of E.coli (it was frequent afa positive) with amikacin (97.8%), chloramphenicol (87.0%), gentamicin (71.7%) and norfloxacin (67.4%).
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Aspirin ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; aged

An evaluation on using NSAID in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in one hospital was established. The results were: all NSAID (except Mobic) are presented in Health Ministry’s protocol. Combinations of anti-inflammatory drugs with analgesic drugs accounted for 93.34%. Plain tables were 92.4%. Combination of paracetamol and alaxan as well as the using of voltaren 25 mg (suppository) was not rational.
Osteoarthritis ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

CoX-2 or prostaglandin GH synthetase-2 is an enzyme which has induction, especially in the inflamatory reactions. The inflamatory stimulations activate the CoX-2 of monocytes, macrophages, cells of synovial membrane to synthesize prostaglandin which induce the inflamatory reactions. The non- steroid anti- inflamatory drugs inhibit the CoX-2 so they have anti- inflamatory effects. However, they also inhibit CoX-1 which induce some side effects such as gastrointestinal and kidney accidents, haemorrhage and hypersensitivities. The selective CoX-2 inhibitors have some properties: long half elimination life, easier uptake by oral; the same pharmacokinetics in both elderly and children and uncommon side effects (0.1 -1% treated cases).
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors

Preliminary results of the study on allergic reaction of NSAID. Allergic patients due to antipyretics, analgesics, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (1995-1999) were performed at Bach Mai Hospital. Result showed that: most anti-pyretics, analgesics, no-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs can cause allergic reactions. The first sign of allergy appeared early. Main clinical symptoms of allergy are itching, erythema, fever and urticaria. The average concentration of total serum IgE in the group of allergic patients is higher than in the group of healthy persons. Methyl prednisolon, dimedrol, glucose and ascorbic acid solutions are common medications to treat allergic patients. From 30 allergic patients, there was no death.
Hypersensitivity ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

This paper introduced the non-steroid anti inflammatory drugs in the treatment of arthropathy including classification, mechanism of action, principles of using, major drugs, indication, contraindication, effects and side effects, drug- drug interaction, dosage and administration, how to reduced and manage the side effects in the gastrointestinal tract.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; therapeutics