Orbscan-II anterior system was used for early diagnosis of keratoconus. 48 Eyes of 24 patients with suspicious keratoconus were examined by Orbscan-II anterior system from Dec. 1999 to Dec. 2000 and followed up. The values of Diff and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were recorded. Results indicated that values of Diff and ACD were increased in 4 eyes of 2 patients with keratoconus trend during follow-up. Taking advantage of Orbscan-II anterior system to observe the values of Diff and ACD can early diagnose the sub-clinical keratoconus. The values of Diff and ACD can sensitively report the progression of keratoconus.
Anterior Chamber/pathology ; Cornea/pathology ; Corneal Topography/*instrumentation ; Corneal Topography/methods ; Evaluation Studies ; Keratoconus/*diagnosis ; Keratoconus/ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To assess the risk factors for endothelial cell loss after phacoemulsification with implantation of intraocular lens according to anterior chamber depth (ACD). METHODS: This prospective study included 94 eyes of 94 patients undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery. To assess the risk factors for corneal endothelial cell loss, we examined seven variables at 1 day, 1 week, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks postoperatively in each ACD-stratified group. RESULTS: Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the only variable influencing the percentage decrease in corneal endothelial cell density throughout the postoperative follow-up period in the long ACD group (ACD III) was nucleosclerosis. The variables influencing the percentage decrease in corneal endothelial cell density in the short ACD group (ACD I) at one day and one week postoperatively were corneal incisional tunnel length and nucleosclerosis. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for endothelial cell loss after phaoemulsification were different according to ACD. Long corneal tunnel length can be one of the risk factors for endothelial cell loss in short ACD eyes.
Anterior Chamber/ultrasonography ; Cataract/ultrasonography ; Cataract Extraction/*methods ; Cornea/pathology/surgery ; Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss/*etiology ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification/*adverse effects/methods ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: To investigate the correlation between peripheral anterior synechia (PAS) and the quantitative anterior chamber angle parameters measured by ultrasound microscopy (UBM) in angle-closure glaucoma suspect (ACGS) eyes. METHODS: Eyes were defined ACGS as having occludable angles and intraocular pressure less than 21 mm Hg without glaucomatous optic nerve head. The gonioscopic criteria for ACGS were the trabecular meshwork invisible in 3 or more quadrants of the entire angle and the angular width less than 20 degrees by Shaffer classification. Twenty-seven eyes of 20 patients underwent anterior chamber angle and ciliary body imaging with UBM. Angle opening distance (AOD500), angle recess area (ARA), trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD) and trabecular-iris angle (TIA) were measured from the UBM images at each quadrant. RESULTS: The AOD500, ARA, and TIA were not significantly different between the eyes with PAS (9 eyes) and without PAS (18 eyes) at each quadrant. However, the TCPD was significantly shorter in the superior quadrant when compared with the eyes without PAS (mean: 405.3+/-70.9 micrometer vs 536.4+/-140.5 micrometer) (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the shorter distance from trabecular meshwork to ciliary body or the anterior placement of ciliary process may play a role in the development of PAS in ACGS eyes.
Aged ; Anterior Chamber/*ultrasonography ; Ciliary Body/pathology/ultrasonography ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure/pathology/*ultrasonography ; Gonioscopy ; Humans ; Male ; Microscopy, Acoustic/*methods ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Trabecular Meshwork/pathology/ultrasonography

Orbscan-II anterior system was used for early diagnosis of keratoconus. 48 Eyes of 24 patients with suspicious keratoconus were examined by Orbscan-II anterior system from Dec. 1999 to Dec. 2000 and followed up. The values of Diff and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were recorded. Results indicated that values of Diff and ACD were increased in 4 eyes of 2 patients with keratoconus trend during follow-up. Taking advantage of Orbscan-II anterior system to observe the values of Diff and ACD can early diagnose the sub-clinical keratoconus. The values of Diff and ACD can sensitively report the progression of keratoconus.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; pathology ; Cornea ; pathology ; Corneal Topography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Female ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: We evaluated various preoperative anterior segment parameters measured with a Pentacam rotating Scheimpflug camera and compared them with those of conventional methods. We also evaluated the effect of different parameters on corneal endothelial cells after cataract surgery. METHODS: Pentacam examination was performed in 88 eyes from 88 patients to evaluate central anterior chamber depth (ACD(pentacam)), nuclear density (Densitometry(pentacam)), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and lens thickness (LT(pentacam)). We compared values of ACD(pentacam) with those of ultrasound (ACD(sono)) and also compared Densitometry(pentacam) values with those of Lens Opacities Classification System (LOCS III) classification. We evaluated the effect of the following preoperative values measured with Pentacam on postoperative endothelial cell loss: pupil size measured both preoperatively and before capsulorrhexsis (Pupil(CCC)), amount of viscoelastics, and LT measured by ultrasound (LT(sono)). RESULTS: A significant concordance was found between the two grading methods of nuclear opacity: Densitometry(pentacam) and LOCS III classification (tau(b) = 0.414, p = 0.000). We also found a positive correlation between ACD(pentacam) and ACD(sono) (r = 0.823, p = 0.000) and between ACD(pentacam) and ACV (r = 0.650, p = 0.000). There were significant differences between the results of LT(pentacam) and LT(sono). The final regression model identified Densitometry(pentacam), viscoelastics and Pupil(CCC) as independent predictors of decreased postoperative corneal endothelial cell density (CD) at postoperative day 3, and Densitometry(pentacam), viscoelastics, and ACV as independent predictors of decreased CD two months postoperatively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Good agreement was found between all results obtained with the Pentacam and conventional methods except LT. Analyzing anterior chamber parameters preoperatively using Pentacam could be helpful to predict postoperative endothelial cell loss.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anterior Chamber/*pathology/ultrasonography ; Cataract/classification ; Cataract Extraction/*methods ; Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss/*diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Photography/*instrumentation ; Predictive Value of Tests