Objective:To observe clinical therapeutic effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO)on pa-tients with heart failure complicated chronic kidney disease.Methods:A total of 84 patients with heart failure com-plicated renal insufficiency were selected.They were divided into routine treatment group (n=42)and rhEPO group (n=42,received rhEPO based on routine treatment)according to random number table method.Echocardiographic examination results and renal function were compared between two groups after 12-week treatment.Results:Com-pared with routine treatment group,there were significant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF,(37.2± 10.3)% vs.(45.4 ± 11.4)%]and left ventricular fractional shortening [LVFS,(19.6 ± 4.3)% vs.(24.5 ± 3.8)%],and significant reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter [LVEDd,(6.12±0.67)mm vs.(5.01 ±0.54)mm],24h urinary protein [(0.76±0.1)g vs.(0.24±0.09)g],24h urine microalbumin [(319.6±39.6) mg vs.(107.3±26.7)mg],blood urea nitrogen [(10.3±1.9)mmol/L vs.(6.2±1.5)mmol/L]and serum creati-nine [(97.2±16.8)μmol/L vs.(79.3±15.7)μmol/L]in rhEPO group,P<0.01 all.Conclusion:Recombinant human erythropoietin could significantly improve heart,renal function in patients with heart failure complicated re-nal insufficiency.