Primary gallbladder carcinoma is a common biliary malignant tumor,with highly malignant,high mortality and poor prognosis.Its atypical clinical manifestation is often associated with cholecystitis and gallstone.Early diagnosis is very difficult.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in clinical is popularity and cases of postoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer are gradually increasing.Therefore,how to improve the diagnosis of early gallbladder cancer, early treatment of gallbladder carcinoma has been to create concerns. Modern medical studies about the gene level and the biological behavior of gallbladder cancer, help to improve the early diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.In this article,the recent advances in research the genetic diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma will be summarized.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair.Methods One hundred and twenty patients who suffered from inguinal hernia were treated with laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair.The operation time,wound pain,postoperative recovery of independent function,complications and recurrence rate were studied.Results One hundred and seventeen patients of inguinal hernia were performed the operation successfully,while 3 cases were converted to transabdominal preperitoneal prosthetic.Five cases of pneumoscrotum,were used in surgery to put the needle into the subcutaneous emphysema disappeared after the gas.The mean operative time 30-125 (46 ± 18) min,the postoperative stay was 2-7 (4.5 ± 1.2) d.The patients were postoperative follow-up for 1-22 months.All the patients without postoperative hydrocele,no postoperative recurrence.Conclusions Laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair is safe with less complications,less invasive,low recurrence rate and excellent therapeutic effect and bilateral inguinal hemia repair at the same time.