Immunotherapy mainly uses the effector units of the body's immune system to overcome the immune escape or adaptive immune resistance of tumors, accurately identify and remove tumor cells, and normalize or enhance the function of the immune system, which mainly includes cytokine therapy, immune checkpoint inhibition therapy, adoptive cell immunotherapy, tumor vaccine and antibody targeted therapy. The immune characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma make the patients potentially suitable for immunotherapy or combined therapy with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. In recent years, PD-1 inhibitors alone and in combination with chemotherapy have shown good anti-tumor activity and safety in the treatment of recurrent/metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors into the treatment paradigms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has become a clinical research hot spot.