1.New Trend of tumor PET imaging radiopharmaceuticals.
Hanyang Medical Reviews 2007;27(4):4-15
Tumor PET imaging with radiopharmaceuticals plays a major role in the understanding of tumor biological information and for diagnosis of tumorswith non-invasive methods. These radiopharmaceuticals can be divided into two categories radiopharmaceuticals for metabolic process imaging and for specific receptor imaging. Most tumor imaging radiopharmaceuticals such as [18F]FDG, [18F]FLT, and [11C]choline can be trapped in tumor cells by specific metabolic processes of each radiopharmaceutical and show an increase in metabolism of tumor regions. Unlike these compounds, the hypoxia imaging adiopharmaceuticals such as [18F]FMISO and [64Cu]ATSM are trapped by oxidative metabolic mechanisms under only hypoxic conditions of tumor cells. For tumor specific receptor imaging, [18F]FES for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer may be used and recent clinical results showed the possibility of evaluating tumor therapy responseby estrogen receptor imaging with [18F]FES. This paper gives an overview of the current status of tumor PET imaging adiopharmaceuticals and the development of new lead compounds as potential radiopharmaceuticals by medicinal chemistry.
Anoxia
;
Breast Neoplasms
;
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
;
Diagnosis
;
Estrogens
;
Metabolism
;
Radiopharmaceuticals*
2.Acute Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism Occupying both Whole Pulmonary Arteries.
Yong Young JUNG ; Cheol Hong KIM ; Kyu Hyung RYU ; Yung LEE ; Chee Jeong KIM ; Myoung Mook LEE ; Hyuk AHN
Korean Circulation Journal 1995;25(5):1045-1050
Massive pulmonary embolism is a major cause of morbidity and death in hospital. Most episodes of acute pulmonary embolism occurred from multiple emboli. When pulmonary embolism is suspected, the definitive diagnosis is pulmonary arteriography, but high degree of certainty can also be achieved with ventilation-perfusion scanning. The therapeutic modalities available for patients with acute pulmonary embolism are prophylatic and definitive therapy. Prophylatic therapy including anticoagulant with heparin is used to prevent further emboli episodes that might be fatal. Definitive therapy for pulmonary embolism including thrombolytic agents and pulmonary embolectomy attempts to dissolve and remove the resolution of the pathophysiologic sequelae of pulmonary embolism. We experienced a case of acute massive pulmonary embolism which occupied the pulmonary arteries bilaterally. Patient with orthopedic surgery one month before developedd dyspnea and chest tightness. Eventhough continuing enough amount of anticoagulant therapy, rapid hemodynamic deterioration and severe hypoxia occurred progressively. Urgent pulmonary embolectomy was succeeded and he has been followed up at out patient department.
Angiography
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Anoxia
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Diagnosis
;
Dyspnea
;
Embolectomy
;
Fibrinolytic Agents
;
Hemodynamics
;
Heparin
;
Humans
;
Orthopedics
;
Pulmonary Artery*
;
Pulmonary Embolism*
;
Thorax
3.Tension pneumothorax during tracheoesophageal fistula repair: A case report.
Anesthesia and Pain Medicine 2015;10(2):134-137
Tension pneumothorax (PTx) was diagnosed in a preterm baby during surgery for tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). The PTx occurred around 90 minutes after skin incision, while the baby was breathing spontaneously with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (PPV) at low pressure. A sudden decrease in oxygen saturation (SpO2), hemodynamic compromise, and decreased breath sounds on the right side suggested a right-sided tension PTx. After prompt radiological confirmation, needle aspiration of air through the surgical site restored the patient's condition immediately. Although the sudden unexpected hypoxemia and circulatory problems may confuse anesthesiologists, prompt diagnosis and proper treatment are required for successful clinical outcomes in tension PTx.
Anoxia
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Diagnosis
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Hemodynamics
;
Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation
;
Needles
;
Oxygen
;
Pneumothorax*
;
Respiration
;
Skin
;
Tracheoesophageal Fistula*
4.The Evaluation and Management of Fetal Growth Restriction.
Soonchunhyang Medical Science 2017;23(1):1-7
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurs due to various reasons and is associated with increased fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. FGR has been defined as having birth weight less than the 10th centile. The first clinically relevant step is the detection of true FGR, pathological small fetuses, associated with signs of abnormal placental insufficiency and poorer perinatal outcome. The role of obstetric management is to identify growth restricted fetuses at risk of chronic hypoxia in uterus, to monitor their wellbeing, and to deliver when the adverse outcome is imminent. The purpose of this document is to review the FGR with diagnosis, antenatal surveillance tools, and guidance for management and timing of delivery.
Anoxia
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Birth Weight
;
Fetal Development*
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Fetus
;
Humans
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Infant
;
Infant Mortality
;
Placental Insufficiency
;
Prenatal Diagnosis
;
Uterus
5.A Case of Ruptured Tricuspid Valve Due to Nonpenetrating Cardiac Injury Detected by Echocardiography.
Sung Min CHO ; Ki Yeol SEO ; Mi Sun KIM ; Ju Hyun CHA ; Hwa Jung KIM ; Si Hoon PARK ; Gil Ja SHIN ; Yong Soon WON ; Soo Seung CHOI
Korean Circulation Journal 1997;27(1):102-106
Cardiac contusion is an increasingly recognized entity in patients with nonpenetrating chest injury. Unifortunately, the diagnosis of cardiac trauma, particularly cardiac contusion, is imprecise and may be confounded by the presence of associated injuries, hypoxia, shock, and metabolic abnormalities. Symptomatic cardiac injury follwing blunt chest trauma is relatively rare, and valvular injury is even rarer. The valves most commonly affected are mitral and tricuspid. Although tricuspid regurgitations are usually asymptomatic and can resolve spontaneously, recent developments in echocardiography made possible the precise diagnosis of valvular injuries noninvasively, The authors report the case of tricuspid regurgitation incidentally detected by echocardiography in a construction worker who had suffered multiple fractures.
Anoxia
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Contusions
;
Diagnosis
;
Echocardiography*
;
Humans
;
Shock
;
Thoracic Injuries
;
Thorax
;
Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency
;
Tricuspid Valve*
6.Cardiac Arrest Occurred by Tension Pneumothorax during Right Thoracotomy: A case report.
Seung Moon RYU ; Hyo Seok NA ; Jin Ho BAE ; Jong Myeon HONG ; Seung Woon LIM
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2006;51(6):756-759
Tension pneumothorax during one-lung ventilation is an insidious, life threatening emergency. Even though early diagnosis and rapid intervention are necessary to prevent mortality, treatment may be difficult because of the clinical diagnosis-mediastinal shift, hypoxemia, hypotension and increased airway pressure may be confusing in the operative setting. We present here the case of a patient who underwent right thoracotomy with one-lung ventilation and the patient developed left tension pneumothorax with resulting cardiac arrest.
Anoxia
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Early Diagnosis
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Emergencies
;
Heart Arrest*
;
Humans
;
Hypotension
;
Mortality
;
One-Lung Ventilation
;
Pneumothorax*
;
Thoracotomy*
7.Anesthetic Management for Repair of Delayed Presentation of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia: A case report.
Woo Chang YANG ; Bae Hee JUNG ; Eun Mi LEE ; Mi Hwa CHUNG ; Lim Soo WON
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1997;32(2):306-310
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) associated with pulmonary hypoplasia usually presents in early neonatal life. Despite recent advances in perioperative intensive care and neonatal pharmacology, there is still a 53-62% mortality rate. CDH presenting outside of the neonatal period is called CDH delayed presentation, and it is uncommon and the diagnosis is difficult due to misleading clinical signs and symptoms. The prognosis in delayed presentation is determined by complications as strangulation or incarceration of the herniated bowel or stomach, mediastinal shift. A 3 month-old male infant was visited to pediatric department because of irritability. Breath sound were decreased over the left hemithorax and blood gas examination showed hypoxemia. Plain chest X-rays demonstrated intestinal bowel gas shadow in the left hemithorax and had done revealed CDH. An immediate operation was performed. The post-operative course was uneventful and the postoperative chest X-ray returned to normal. She was discharged on the 8th post-opertive day.
Anoxia
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Diagnosis
;
Hernia, Diaphragmatic*
;
Humans
;
Infant
;
Critical Care
;
Male
;
Mortality
;
Pharmacology
;
Prognosis
;
Stomach
;
Thorax
8.Right-to-Left Shunting through a Patent Foramen Ovale as a Cause of Hypoxemia in a Patient with Acute Right Ventricular Infarction Diagnosed by Contrast Echocardiography.
Chi Young SHIM ; Jong Won HA ; Seung Hoon CHOI ; Jin Bae KIM ; Won Ho KIM ; Jong Youn KIM ; Seokmin KANG ; Se Joong RIM ; Namsik CHUNG
Journal of the Korean Society of Echocardiography 2004;12(1):54-57
Right ventricular (RV) infarction is a well-recognized complication of acute inferior myocardial infarction. Rightto-Left shunt through a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is an unusual complication of acute RV myocardial infarction that can result in the development of severe hypoxemia. However, the diagnosis may not be easy without high index of suspicion and echocardiography combined with an echocardiographic contrast (agitated saline) is useful diagnostic imaging modality in this regard. We report a case of acute inferior myocardial infarction and RV infarction associated with unexplained hypoxemia. Contrast echocardiography detected a significant right to left shunt through patent foramen ovale, which considered as a cause of hypoxemia in this patient.
Anoxia*
;
Diagnosis
;
Diagnostic Imaging
;
Echocardiography*
;
Foramen Ovale, Patent*
;
Humans
;
Infarction*
;
Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction
;
Myocardial Infarction
9.Misread Partial Airway Obstruction as a Muscle Paralysis of Parathion Poisoning: A Case Report.
Chung Kie PARK ; Kyoo Sub CHUNG ; Yung Dal PARK ; Soon Hyo CHUNG
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1969;2(1):71-74
A case of parathion poisoning has been reported; in which the symptoms of hypoxia resulted from partial airway obstruction, however this was mistaken for parathion poisoning, and the correct diagnosis was proved by removal of hard blood clot in the bronchial bifurcation. Conclusions were as follows: Adquate administration of PAM and atropine presented impressive response of symptoms. 2. Careful and frequent removal of secretion might be the most important problem especially in this poisoning. 3. Massive administration of antibiotics could prevent pulmonary complications. 4. Pulmonary edema, the most common complication, was not present.
Airway Obstruction*
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Anoxia
;
Anti-Bacterial Agents
;
Atropine
;
Diagnosis
;
Paralysis*
;
Parathion*
;
Poisoning*
;
Pulmonary Edema
10.Changes of Lung Compliance with Oxygen Toxicity in Rat.
Cheung Soo SHIN ; Jin KIM ; Sun Joon BAI ; Jin Ock KIM ; Woo Hee JUNG ; Yong Taek NAM
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 1994;27(7):690-696
Oxygen therapy is clear benefit in the treatment of tissue hypoxia, but high concentrations and long term exposures of oxygen carry the risks of detrimental physiologic changes and tissue damages. Tissue damages involve decreased surfactant production,alveolar edema, and alveolar hemorrhage. In spite of these damage, diagnosis of oxygen toxicity is difficult in many clinical settings. In this study, we measured lung compliance to evaluate the oxygen toxicity in 60 white rat of 100-150 g body weight Rats were divided into 6 groups. Group I was control graup, exposed to room air, group II -group V were exposed to 100% oxygen, group II for 24 hours, group IlI for 48 hous, group IV for 72 hours, and group V for 96 hours. Group VI was exposed to oxygen in serial as 30% oxygen for 24 hours, 60% oxygen for 24 hours and then 100% oxygen for 96 hours. After oxygen exposure we obseved changes of lung compliance and pathologic findings, compliance of group V was 15.94 mL/cmH2O significantly lower than that of eontrol group (p<0.05) and lung weight of group V was 2.16 g/100 g heavier than the other groups (p<0.05). Although we found oxygen tolerance was developed in group V, we could not differentiate the degree of pathologic damage cauesd from oxygen toxicity by pathologic findings. We concluded that the measurement of lung compliance is valuable in diagnosis of oxygen toxicity and thus in reducing lung damages.
Animals
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Anoxia
;
Body Weight
;
Compliance
;
Diagnosis
;
Edema
;
Hemorrhage
;
Lung Compliance*
;
Lung*
;
Oxygen*
;
Rats*