Objective : To investigate the effect of Qiyu Sanlong Decoction ( QYSLD) on inhibiting lung cancer by regulating tumor immune microenvironment through PD-1 signaling pathway and on Th1 immune response in lung cancer bearing mice． Methods : Lewis lung cancer cell line ( LLC) was used to model subcutaneously implanted tumor in mice．72 mice were randomly divided into Control group ( n = 18 ) ，cisplatin group ( n = 18 ) ，QYSLD group (n = 18) and combined group (n = 18) ．The general survival of mice was observedand recorded ; the specific Th1 cell response to tumor antigen was detected by ELISA method ; the proportion of PD-1 positive cells and the ap- optosis of memory CD4 + T cells in spleen T cells of mice were detected by flow cytometry ; and the number and vol- ume of pulmonary metastatic nodules were counted under an anatomical microscope after 21 days of continuous treatment. Results : QYSLD could improve the general survival of mice bearing lung cancer，up-regulate the im- mune response of CD4 + T cells and the specific killing effect of CD8 + T cells．The proportion of apoptotic cells in PD-1 positive cells and CD4 + memory T cells in spleen T cells of mice was down-regulated，and lung metastasis of mouse tumor cells was inhibited． Conclusion QYSLD can improve the survival status of mice bearing lung cancer and enhance Th1 immune response by mediating PD-1 signaling pathway，improve immune function and inhibit im- mune escape of tumor cells，thus inhibiting the metastasis of lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effictiveness and safety of recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio in the treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS A total of 25 patients with driver-negative advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma were included in this single-arm prospective study, and the enrolled patients were treated with recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio as scheduled. Progression-free survival(PFS), overall survival(OS), disease control rate(DCR), objective response rate(ORR), and adverse reactions(AR) were observed and analyzed. RESULTS The 25 enrolled patients received at least 2 cycles of second-line treatment, and were followed up as of March 31, 2023. Among them, 4 patients had partial remission, 17 patients had stable disease, and 4 patients experienced progressive disease. The ORR confirmed by the researchers was 16%(95%CI, 4.5%−36.1%), DCR was 84%(95%CI, 63.9%−95.5%), and median PFS was 5.3 months(95%CI, 3.5−6.9 months). The median OS had not yet been achieved. The entire group of patients had good treatment tolerance, and the most common level Ⅲ or Ⅳ adverse events related to treatment were leukopenia(20%) and rash(12%), with no reported treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION Recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio in the second line treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma can prolong the progression free survival period of patients and is relatively safe, which is worth further exploration and promotion.