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1.Re: 188rhenium-TDD-lipiodol in treatment of inoperable primary hepatocellular carcinoma--a case report.

INTRODUCTIONHelicobacter pylori has been recognised as a major cause of gastroduodenal diseases, including gastric and duodenal ulcers with faeco-oral, oro-oral and gastro-oral transmission occurring. With the close personal contact inherent in patient care, health care workers may be at an increased risk of acquiring H. pylori and subsequent development of associated conditions. The objective of this review was to review the transmission and the occupational risk for health care workers.

METHODSA literature search was performed using Pubmed (January 1990 to May 2001). Relevant key words were used and additional manual searches were made using the reference lists from the selected articles to retrieve other papers relevant to the topic.

RESULTSCurrent knowledge implies various pathways of agent transmission, favouring person-to-person mode of transmission early in life. Faeco-oral, oro-oral and gastro-oral transmissions are proposed and may be of different relevance among various populations. As for health care workers, after elimination of the methodological weak studies, the risk seems to be increased in gastroenterologists, endoscopy staff and intensive care nurses. Results in other groups are conflicting.

CONCLUSIONSH. pylori infection is an occupational risk in some groups of health care workers. Studies are needed to elucidate the risk in other occupational groups.

Helicobacter Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; transmission ; Helicobacter pylori ; physiology ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ; Medical Staff ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Risk Factors

3.Assessment in problem-based learning (PBL).

S J van LUIJK ;

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2001;30(4):347-352

Problem-based learning (PBL), a relatively new approach to teaching, has been introduced in several of the medical schools in the Southeast Pacific region. This approach emphasises active, self-directed learning and puts the emphasis on the individual student and his/her role in the educational process. It is well known that assessment plays a large role in influencing student learning behaviour. Therefore, it is important that the assessment process not hamper learning or adversely affect attainment of the goals of the curriculum. If student behaviours are directed toward achieving success on the assessments, instructors' efforts to create a climate of self-directed learning and individual responsibility will be frustrated. This article provides information on the different classes of assessment vehicles available to assess the various domains of medical competence. We pay special attention to the critical relationship between the educational goals of problem-based learning and the different assessment instruments used. We briefly describe some assessment instruments and how it can relate to these goals in a positive manner. We conclude that no assessment instrument is ideal and that each has unique inherent deficiencies. As a consequence, a successful student assessment process requires use of several complementary instruments.
Clinical Competence ; Education, Medical ; Humans ; Patient Simulation ; Problem-Based Learning

4.Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) impairs visuospatial perception,whereas post-herpetic neuralgia does not: possible implications for supraspinal mechanism of CRPS.

Hironobu UEMATSU ; Masahiko SUMITANI ; Arito YOZU ; Yuko OTAKE ; Masahiko SHIBATA ; Takashi MASHIMO ; Satoru MIYAUCHI

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2009;38(11):931-936

1.Re: 188rhenium-TDD-lipiodol in treatment of inoperable primary hepatocellular carcinoma--a case report.

2.Helicobacter pylori infection: epidemiology and occupational risk for health care workers.

3.Assessment in problem-based learning (PBL).

4.Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) impairs visuospatial perception,whereas post-herpetic neuralgia does not: possible implications for supraspinal mechanism of CRPS.

5.Chronic pain management: therapy, drugs and needles.

6.Eyelid swelling and lucency in the skull radiograph.

7.Incidental finding of an aortic valve mass on 64-slice computed tomographic coronary angiography.

8.An unusual presentation of a giant frontal mucocoele manifesting with frontal lobe syndrome.

9.Deceived by acute pancreatitis masquerading as acute inferior myocardial infarction.

10.Chaperoning medical students during the physical examination of patients.

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