1.Influence of lidocaine on systemic inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Hongmei WANG ; Anlu DAI ; Haiyan ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Anesthesiology 1994;0(04):-
Objective To investigate the influence of lidocaine on systemic inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) .Methods Twenty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients of both sexes (13 males, 7 females) aged 47-67 yrs weighing 62-82 kg undergoing CABG were randomly divided into 2 groups of 10 each: control group (C) and lidocaine group (L). In group L lidocaine infusion was started as soon as the pericardium was cut open and maintained at 4 mg?min-1 until the end of the surgery. Another dose of lidocaine (4 mg?kg-1) was added to the prime. In control group normal saline (NS) was given instead of lidocaine in the same volume and at the same speed. Blood samples were taken from radial artery before CPB (T0, baseline) and at 1, 10 and 60 min after release of the aortic cross-clamp (T1,2,3) for determination of plasma concentration of TNF-?, IL-6, IL-10 and PMN count. Plasma lidocaine concentration was determined at 10 and 60 min after initiation of CPB and at the end of surgery in 5 patients in group L. Results The two groups were comparable with respect to age, sex ratio (M/F), body weight, CPB time and aortic cross-clamping time. The mean plasma lidocaine concentration was (4.1?0.5)?g?ml-1, (4.6?0.7) ?g?ml-1 and (5.9?0.9)?g?ml-1 at 10, 60 min of CPB and end of surgery respectively in group L. Plasma concentrations of TNF-?, IL-6, IL-10 and PMN count were significantly increased at T1,2,3 as compared to the baseline values at T0 in both groups. The plasma concentrations of TNF-? and IL-6 were significantly lower while those of IL-10 were significantly higher at T1-3 in group L than in group C. Conclusion Lidocaine can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by CPB in patients undergoing CABG.
2.Effect of Danshensu derivative on angiogenesis in zebrafish
Guozhen CUI ; Yanling XU ; Anlu SUN ; Luchen SHAN ; Yuqiang WANG ; Mingyuan LI
Chinese Pharmacological Bulletin 2016;32(6):795-800
Aim Toinvestigatethepro-angiogenic effects of Danshensu derivative ADTM and explore its underlying possible signaling pathway using zebrafish embryosasinvivomodels.Methods Theangiogenesis activities of ADTM were determined in experimental models of normal and VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitorⅡ(VRI )-induced vascular defective zebrafish embry-os.Embryos were treated with various concentrations (50,100,200 μmol · L-1 ) of ADTM for indicated time.The diameter and the numbers of endothelial cells of zebrafish SIVs were evaluated,respectively.In VRI model,the number of intact and defective ISVs in each zebrafish embryo was counted.The total RNA of zebrafish embryos was extracted and transcriptional profiling was analyzed by deep sequencing.Quantita-tive real-time PCR(qPCR)was performed to 4 genes selected from transcriptional profiling to validate the data collected from transcriptome analysis.Results ADTMsignificantlyincreasedsubintestinalvessels (SIVs)diameter in a concentration-dependent manner in normal zebrafish as well as restored VRI-induced blood vessels defect in VRI-exposed zebrafish. The transcriptome data analysis demonstrated that 19 signif-icantly changed genes were mapped to insulin signaling pathway.The qPCR data are in good agreement with those obtained by deep sequencing and support the consistency between the two methods for determining relative expression levels in the zebrafish model.Con-clusion Inzebrafishmodel,ADTMexhibitsthe effects of angiogenesis and blood vessel restoration. The underlying mechanism may be involved in the acti-vation of insulin signaling pathway.
3.Bile acid coordinates microbiota homeostasis and systemic immunometabolism in cardiometabolic diseases.
Baoyi GUAN ; Jinlin TONG ; Haiping HAO ; Zhixu YANG ; Keji CHEN ; Hao XU ; Anlu WANG
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022;12(5):2129-2149
Cardiometabolic disease (CMD), characterized with metabolic disorder triggered cardiovascular events, is a leading cause of death and disability. Metabolic disorders trigger chronic low-grade inflammation, and actually, a new concept of metaflammation has been proposed to define the state of metabolism connected with immunological adaptations. Amongst the continuously increased list of systemic metabolites in regulation of immune system, bile acids (BAs) represent a distinct class of metabolites implicated in the whole process of CMD development because of its multifaceted roles in shaping systemic immunometabolism. BAs can directly modulate the immune system by either boosting or inhibiting inflammatory responses via diverse mechanisms. Moreover, BAs are key determinants in maintaining the dynamic communication between the host and microbiota. Importantly, BAs via targeting Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and diverse other nuclear receptors play key roles in regulating metabolic homeostasis of lipids, glucose, and amino acids. Moreover, BAs axis per se is susceptible to inflammatory and metabolic intervention, and thereby BAs axis may constitute a reciprocal regulatory loop in metaflammation. We thus propose that BAs axis represents a core coordinator in integrating systemic immunometabolism implicated in the process of CMD. We provide an updated summary and an intensive discussion about how BAs shape both the innate and adaptive immune system, and how BAs axis function as a core coordinator in integrating metabolic disorder to chronic inflammation in conditions of CMD.