Background: In the present study, the age- and sex-adjusted Constant score (CS) in a normal Indian population was calculated and any differences with other population cohorts assessed. Methods: The study participants were patients who visited the outpatient department for problems other than shoulder and healthy volunteers from the local population. Patients without shoulder pain/discomfort during activity were included in the study. Subjects with any problem that might affect shoulder function (e.g., cervical, thoracic spine, rib cage deformity, inflammatory arthritis) were excluded. Constant scoring of all participants was performed by trained senior residents under the supervision of the senior faculty. Shoulder range of movement and strength were measured following recommendations given by the research and Development Committee of the European Society for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery (2008). A fixed spring balance was used for strength measurement; one end was fixed on the floor and the other end tied with a strap to the wrist of the participant, arm in 90° abduction in scapular plane with palm facing down. Results: Among the 248 subjects (496 shoulders), the average age was 37 years (range, 18–78 years), 65.7% were males (326 shoulders) and 34.3% females (170 shoulders). The mean CS was 84.6±2.9 (males, 86.1±3.0; females, 81.8±2.9). CS decreased significantly after 50 years of age in males and 40 years of age in females (p<0.05). The mean CS was lower than in previous studies for both males and females. Heavy occupation workers had higher mean CS (p<0.05). A linear standardized equation was estimated for calculating the adjusted CS for any age. Conclusions Mean CS and its change with age differed from previous studies among various population cohorts.

We aimed to examine the outcomes of arthritic congenital dislocation of hip in adults after subtrochanteric shortening derotation osteotomy (SSDO) with cementless hip arthroplasty at a minimum follow-up period of five years. Bibliographic databases were searched and isolated studies were divided into three groups (1, 2, and 3) based on the femoral stem type (modular, monoblock, or mixed). We pooled 931 hips/737 patients from 20 studies. The mean difference in the Harris hip score (HHS) before and after the operation was 47.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.16, 51.94). On subgroup analysis the mean differences of 46.59 (95% CI 41.67, 51.51), 48.24 (95% CI 41.37, 55.11), and 47.30 (95% CI 43.85, 50.75), respectively in HHS were noted in groups 1, 2, and 3. The incidence of uncontrolled proximal femur fractures was comparable at 7.9% and 4.2% in groups 1 and 2; however, it was 0% and 16.6% for controlled fractures. The incidences of nonunion, dislocation, nerve paralysis, heterotopic ossification and revision due to any cause were 0.3%, 6.5%, 1.7%, 2.1%, and 7.9% for group 1 and 1.9%, 4.3%, 1.6%, 5.6%, and 7.4% for group 2. Similar improvements in functional outcome for both monoblock and modular stems can be expected. An increased incidence of controlled proximal femur fractures was observed with use of modular stems. The nonunion at the SSDO site was sporadic.

We aimed to examine the outcomes of arthritic congenital dislocation of hip in adults after subtrochanteric shortening derotation osteotomy (SSDO) with cementless hip arthroplasty at a minimum follow-up period of five years. Bibliographic databases were searched and isolated studies were divided into three groups (1, 2, and 3) based on the femoral stem type (modular, monoblock, or mixed). We pooled 931 hips/737 patients from 20 studies. The mean difference in the Harris hip score (HHS) before and after the operation was 47.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.16, 51.94). On subgroup analysis the mean differences of 46.59 (95% CI 41.67, 51.51), 48.24 (95% CI 41.37, 55.11), and 47.30 (95% CI 43.85, 50.75), respectively in HHS were noted in groups 1, 2, and 3. The incidence of uncontrolled proximal femur fractures was comparable at 7.9% and 4.2% in groups 1 and 2; however, it was 0% and 16.6% for controlled fractures. The incidences of nonunion, dislocation, nerve paralysis, heterotopic ossification and revision due to any cause were 0.3%, 6.5%, 1.7%, 2.1%, and 7.9% for group 1 and 1.9%, 4.3%, 1.6%, 5.6%, and 7.4% for group 2. Similar improvements in functional outcome for both monoblock and modular stems can be expected. An increased incidence of controlled proximal femur fractures was observed with use of modular stems. The nonunion at the SSDO site was sporadic.

We aimed to examine the outcomes of arthritic congenital dislocation of hip in adults after subtrochanteric shortening derotation osteotomy (SSDO) with cementless hip arthroplasty at a minimum follow-up period of five years. Bibliographic databases were searched and isolated studies were divided into three groups (1, 2, and 3) based on the femoral stem type (modular, monoblock, or mixed). We pooled 931 hips/737 patients from 20 studies. The mean difference in the Harris hip score (HHS) before and after the operation was 47.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] 43.16, 51.94). On subgroup analysis the mean differences of 46.59 (95% CI 41.67, 51.51), 48.24 (95% CI 41.37, 55.11), and 47.30 (95% CI 43.85, 50.75), respectively in HHS were noted in groups 1, 2, and 3. The incidence of uncontrolled proximal femur fractures was comparable at 7.9% and 4.2% in groups 1 and 2; however, it was 0% and 16.6% for controlled fractures. The incidences of nonunion, dislocation, nerve paralysis, heterotopic ossification and revision due to any cause were 0.3%, 6.5%, 1.7%, 2.1%, and 7.9% for group 1 and 1.9%, 4.3%, 1.6%, 5.6%, and 7.4% for group 2. Similar improvements in functional outcome for both monoblock and modular stems can be expected. An increased incidence of controlled proximal femur fractures was observed with use of modular stems. The nonunion at the SSDO site was sporadic.