1.Susceptibility of several strains of mice to Echinostoma hortense infection.
Kyu Jae LEE ; Seung Kyu PARK ; Jee Aee IM ; Soo Kie KIM ; Geun Ha KIM ; Gwang Young KIM ; Eun Ju YANG ; Yong Suk RYANG
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2004;42(2):51-56
Susceptibilities of 5 different mice strains, including C3H/HeN, BALB/c, C57BL6, FvB and ICR, to Echinostoma hortense infection, was evaluated. The worm expulsion rate, worm size and egg production were observed from 1 to 8 weeks after infection with 30 metacercariae. C3H/HeN and ICR mice showed the highest worm maturation rates. The worm recovery rate and the number of eggs per gram (EPG) of feces was also higher in C3H/HeN and ICR mice than in BALB/c, C57BL6, and FvB mice. It is suggested that E. hortense is highly infectious to ICR and C3H/HeN mice, but not to the other strains of mice. Based on the results obtained, we believe that the susceptibility of different mouse strains to E. hortense infection is dependent on the genetic and immunologic background of mice.
Animals
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Echinostoma/*growth & development
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Echinostomiasis/genetics/*parasitology
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Feces/parasitology
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Female
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Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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Intestines/parasitology
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Mice/*parasitology
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mice, Inbred C3H
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Inbred ICR
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Parasite Egg Count
2.Antibody Responses in Sera of Different Mouse Strains Experimentally Infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense.
Eun Taek HAN ; Jun Hu CHEN ; Jong Yil CHAI
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2008;46(4):279-283
To examine humoral immune responses in the host, we measured serum antibody levels in different strains of mice (ICR, BALB/c, and C3H) experimentally infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense. Specific IgG antibody levels were increased remarkably with little difference among 3 strains of mice infected with N. seoulense from day 7 to 35 post-infection. More target proteins of adult parasites reacted with IgG at the time when the worm recovery decreased compared with other times. More than 20 protein bands, from 14 kDa to 94 kDa in size, were separated from the crude antigen of N. seoulense adults by SDS-PAGE, and among them 26, 30, 35, 43, 54, 67, and 94 kDa proteins were the major antigenic proteins. The results suggest that significant IgG antibody responses occur against N. seoulense in mice and this may be related with expulsion of worms.
Animals
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Antibodies, Helminth/*blood
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Host-Parasite Interactions
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mice, Inbred C3H
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Mice, Inbred ICR
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Trematoda/classification
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Trematode Infections/*blood/*immunology
3.Pseudoallergic reaction characteristics of Qingkailing injection and preliminary screening of allergic substances.
Yan YI ; Chun-Ying LI ; Yong ZHAO ; Yu-Shi ZHANG ; Chen PAN ; Lian-Mei WANG ; Su-Yan LIU ; Wei YANG ; Chuan LI ; Jia-Yin HAN ; Jing-Zhuo TIAN ; Ai-Hua LIANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2018;43(1):154-159
This study aimed to explore the characteristics and the influencing factors of Qingkailing injection (QKLI) pseudoallergic reaction, and screen out the possible pseudoallergenic substances. The results showed that ICR and Kunming mice had stronger pseudoallergic reactions than BALB/c and C57 mice after being injected with the same dose of QKLI. The pseudoallergic reaction induced by QKLI that was prepared with 0.9% saline was stronger than that prepared with 5% glucose. When the dose was twice of the clinical dose, some batches of QKLI could cause significant or suspected pseudoallergic reactions; when the dose dropped to clinically equal times, all of the batches did not induce pseudoallergic reactions in mice. Different batches of QKLI induced different pseudoallergic reactions in mice. Therefore, QKLI's pseudoallergic reactions might have a certain relationship with different body constitutions. Different solvents might affect the safety of QKLI. QKIL-induced pseudoallergic reactions had the different characteristics between batches, and the dosage should be strictly controlled in clinical use. After the comparison of pseudoallergic reactions induced by different components and different intermediates of QKLI in mice, it was preliminary believed that pseudoallergenic substances might exist in intermediate Isatidis Radix extracts and Gardenia extracts, but specific pseudoallergens shall be furthered studied in subsequent experiences.
Animals
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Drug Hypersensitivity
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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adverse effects
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Injections
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Inbred ICR
4.Welcome to Laboratory Animal Research
Laboratory Animal Research 2019;35(1):1-1
No abstract available.
Animals, Laboratory
5.Comparison of commonly used ICR stocks and the characterization of Korl:ICR.
Hye Jun SHIN ; Young Min CHO ; Hee Jung SHIN ; Hae Deun KIM ; Kyung Min CHOI ; Mi Gyeong KIM ; Hyoung Doo SHIN ; Myeon Woo CHUNG
Laboratory Animal Research 2017;33(1):8-14
Mouse is a commonly used animal in life science studies and is classified as outbred if genetically diverse and inbred if genetically homogeneous. Outbred mouse stocks, are used in toxicology, oncology, infection and pharmacology research. The National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation (NIFDS; former the Korea National Institute of Health) have bred ICR mice for more than 50 years. We investigated to provide users with information and promote accountability to the Korl:ICR. To secure the indigenous data, biological characteristics of Korl:ICR were identified by comparing with other ICR stocks. This domestic ICR stock was denominated as ‘Korl:ICR’. Phylogenetic analysis using SNPs indicated that the population stratification of the Korl:ICR was allocated different area with other ICR. In addition, we measured litter size, body weight, body length, various organ weight, hematology and clinical blood chemistry of the Korl:ICR compared to other ICR. Otherwise, there are no significant differences among the biological phenotypes of Korl:ICR and other ICR. These results suggest that as a genetically indigenous source colony, the Korl:ICR is seperated (or independent) stock with other ICR. Also, we confirmed that there is no difference among the Korl:ICR and other ICR on biological phenotypes. Therefore, the Korl:ICR source colony might be a new stock in distinction from other ICR, it is a good milestone in securing ownership of the national laboratory animal resource. The NIFDS expects that the Korl:ICR mice will be useful animal resource for our domestic researchers.
Animals
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Animals, Laboratory
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Biological Science Disciplines
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Body Weight
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Chemistry
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Hematology
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Korea
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Litter Size
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred ICR
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Organ Size
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Ownership
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Pharmacology
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Phenotype
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Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
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Population Characteristics
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Rodentia
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Social Responsibility
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Toxicology
6.High-Throughput Automatic Training System for Spatial Working Memory in Free-Moving Mice.
Neuroscience Bulletin 2019;35(3):389-400
Efficient behavioral assays are crucial for understanding the neural mechanisms of cognitive functions. Here, we designed a high-throughput automatic training system for spatial cognition (HASS) for free-moving mice. Mice were trained to return to the home arm and remain there during a delay period. Software was designed to enable automatic training in all its phases, including habituation, shaping, and learning. Using this system, we trained mice to successfully perform a spatially delayed nonmatch to sample task, which tested spatial cognition, working memory, and decision making. Performance depended on the delay duration, which is a hallmark of working memory tasks. The HASS enabled a human operator to train more than six mice simultaneously with minimal intervention, therefore greatly enhancing experimental efficiency and minimizing stress to the mice. Combined with the optogenetic method and neurophysiological techniques, the HASS will be useful in deciphering the neural circuitry underlying spatial cognition.
Animals
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Automation, Laboratory
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instrumentation
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Behavior, Animal
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Equipment Design
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Habituation, Psychophysiologic
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Male
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Memory, Short-Term
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Spatial Memory
7.Genotype and animal infectivity of a human isolate of Cryptosporidium parvum in the Republic of Korea.
Sang Mee GUK ; Tai Soon YONG ; Soon Jung PARK ; Jae Hwan PARK ; Jong Yil CHAI
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2004;42(2):85-89
Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were isolated from a child suffering from acute gastroenteritis and successfully passaged in a calf and mice (designated hereafter SNU-H1) in the Republic of Korea; its molecular genotype has been analyzed. The GAG microsatellite region was amplified by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with a 238 base pair product, which is commonly displayed in C. parvum. The isolate was shown to be a mixture of the genotypes 1 (anthroponotic) and 2 (zoonotic). To study its infectivity in animals, 2 calves and 3 strains of mice were infected with the SNU-H1; in these animals, the propagation of both genotypes was successful. In immunosuppressed (ImSP) BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice the number of oocysts decreased after day 10 post-infection (PI) ; but in ImSP ICR mice, they remained constant until day 27 PI. The results show that both the C. parvum genotypes 1 and 2 can be propagated in calves and ImSP mice.
Animals
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Cattle
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Child
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Cryptosporidiosis/microbiology
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Cryptosporidium parvum/*genetics/immunology
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Diarrhea/parasitology
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Feces/parasitology
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Genotype
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Human
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Korea
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Inbred ICR
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Oocysts
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Zoonoses/parasitology
8.Animal models of schizophrenia using different laboratory mouse strains.
Jin-Hua WU ; Hong ZOU ; Jun YU ; Xue-Dong ZHOU ; Qing-Lian XIE ; Mei-Lei JIN
Acta Physiologica Sinica 2003;55(4):381-387
Based on the glutamate dysfunction hypothesis for the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, MK801, a noncompetitive antagonist for the NMDA-type of glutamate receptors, was administered to mice by i.p. injection. We observed hyperlocomotion and stereotypy, two behavioral signs indicative of schizophrenic symptoms in human. Aided with automated movement measuring of locomotion and videotaping for off-line scoring of stereotypy, these two schizophrenia-like behaviors were readily evaluated. According to the result of dose-response measurements of serial MK801 dosages in the BALB/c inbred mice, 0.6 mg/kg MK801 was determined as the optimum dosage for these behaviors. Furthermore, the same experiments were performed in another inbred strain C57BL/6 and the outbred stock ICR, and similar results were obtained. These results show that MK801 induces schizophrenia-like symptoms in both inbred and outbred mice. Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic drug for treating schizophrenia in human, was used in the schizophrenia models using BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. The results indicated that risperidone dose-dependently inhibited the MK801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Thus, our results indicate that the MK801-induced behaviors may serve as useful mouse models of schizophrenia.
Animals
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Disease Models, Animal
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Dizocilpine Maleate
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pharmacology
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Inbred ICR
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Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
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antagonists & inhibitors
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Schizophrenia
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chemically induced
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Species Specificity
9.Experimental Murine Fascioliasis Derives Early Immune Suppression with Increased Levels of TGF-beta and IL-4.
Joon Yong CHUNG ; Young An BAE ; Doo Hee YUN ; Hyun Jong YANG ; Yoon KONG
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2012;50(4):301-308
In fascioliasis, T-helper 2 (Th2) responses predominate, while little is known regarding early immune phenomenon. We herein analyzed early immunophenotype changes of BALB/c, C57BL/6, and C3H/He mice experimentally infected with 5 Fasciola hepatica metacercariae. A remarkable expansion of CD19+ B cells was observed as early as week 1 post-infection while CD4+/CD8+ T cells were down-regulated. Accumulation of Mac1+ cells with time after infection correlated well with splenomegaly of all mice strains tested. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha mRNA in splenocytes significantly decreased while that of IL-4 up-regulated. IL-1beta expression was down-modulated in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, but not in C3H/He. Serum levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta were considerably elevated in all mice during 3 weeks of infection period. These collective results suggest that experimental murine fascioliasis might derive immune suppression with elevated levels of TGF-beta and IL-4 during the early stages of infection.
Animals
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B-Lymphocytes/immunology
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Down-Regulation
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Fasciola hepatica/*immunology
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Fascioliasis/*immunology
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Immunophenotyping
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Immunosuppression
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Interleukin-4/blood/genetics/*immunology
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Mice, Inbred C3H
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Spleen/immunology
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Transforming Growth Factor beta/blood/genetics/*immunology
10.mtDNA mutations in mouse tumors.
Ji-gang DAI ; Jia-xin MIN ; Guo-qiang ZHANG ; Hong WEI ; Ying-bin XIAO
Chinese Journal of Pathology 2004;33(5):458-461
OBJECTIVETo investigate variations of mtDNA in mouse tumors and to explore the relationship between mtDNA mutations and murine carcinogenesis.
METHODSVariations of D-loop, ND3 and tRNAIle + Glu + Met gene fragments of mtDNA from six mouse tumor cell lines were analyzed by PCR-RFLP and PCR-SSCP techniques.
RESULTSND3 and tRNAIle + Glu + Met gene fragments of mtDNA from the tumors showed no variations at 27 endonuclease sites. The D-loop of mtDNA from Hca-F demonstrated an additional endonuclease site of Hinf I in contrast to the inbred mouse. Upon PCR-SSCP analysis, the D-loop of mtDNA was found to possess mutations in 4 of 6 tumors.
CONCLUSIOND-loop appears to be the hot spot for tumor mtDNA mutations, which may contribute to the carcinogenesis of murine tumors.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; DNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Electron Transport Complex I ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mutation ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; genetics ; pathology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Proteins ; genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Glu ; genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Ile ; genetics ; RNA, Transfer, Met ; genetics