Animal Experimentation ; Animal Testing Alternatives ; methods ; Animal Welfare ; Animals ; Toxicity Tests ; methods

Animal models have been used to elucidate the pathophysiology of varying diseases and to provide insight into potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Although alternatives to animal testing have been proposed to help overcome potential drawbacks related to animal experiments and avoid ethical issues, their use remains vital for the testing of new drug candidates and to identify the most effective strategies for therapeutic intervention. Particularly, the study of metabolic diseases requires the use of animal models to monitor whole-body physiology. In line with this, the National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation (NIFDS) in Korea has established their own animal strains to help evaluate both efficacy and safety during new drug development. The objective of this study was to characterize the response of C57BL/6NKorl mice from the NIFDS compared with that of other mice originating from the USA and Japan in a chemical-induced diabetic condition. Multiple low-dose treatments with streptozotocin were used to generate a type-1 diabetic animal model which is closely linked to the known clinical pathology of this disease. There were no significantly different responses observed between the varying streptozotocin-induced type-1 diabetic models tested in this study. When comparing control and diabetic mice, increases in liver weight and disturbances in serum amino acids levels of diabetic mice were most remarkable. Although the relationship between type-1 diabetes and BCAA has not been elucidated in this study, the results, which reveal a characteristic increase in diabetic mice of all origins are considered worthy of further study.
Amino Acids ; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain ; Animal Experimentation ; Animal Testing Alternatives ; Animals ; Ethics ; Japan ; Korea ; Liver ; Metabolic Diseases ; Metabolomics* ; Mice* ; Models, Animal ; Pathology, Clinical ; Physiology ; Streptozocin

Gamma irradiator is widely used for cell, animal experiment, irradiation for blood, dose measurement, and education. Biobeam8000 gamma irradiator (STS Steuerungstechnik &. Strahlenschutz GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany, Cs137, 81.4 TBq) that KIRAMS (Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science) has is a irradiation device that enables to be used in large-capacity of 7.5 L and extensive area. Cs-137 source moves range of 24 cm back-and-forth in a regular cycle in beaker for uniform irradiation and a beaker that puts a specimen like existing radiation irradiator such as Gammacell3000 rotates 360degrees during irradiation. Precise dose information according to the location of radiation source would be needed because of the movement of radiation source, whereas radiation could be uniformly irradiated in comparison with existing gamma irradiator. In this study, dose distribution of the inside beaker located in Biomeam8000 gamma irradiator was measured using glass dosimeter, and dose evaluation and distribution regarding dose linearity and dose reproducibility were implemented based on measurement results. This aims to show guideline for efficient use of irradiator based on measurement result when doing experiment or radiation exposure.
Animal Experimentation ; Germany ; Glass

No abstract available.
Animal Experimentation* ; Animals* ; Echocardiography*

The tonic effect of Poliarchis dives (CT1) was studied on the change of weight of the spermatic bag in male mice. Results showed that this preparation enhanced the weight of spermatic bag by 183,33%. Testosterone-like spermatogenesis activity of the preparation was suggested
Testosterone ; mice ; Animal Experimentation

Antioxydant effect of radix notogingseng fluid extract 1:2 was studied in mice. Experiment mice were divided randomly into 3 groups x 10 animals. Control group (group 1) was given orally with NaCl 0,9% + oliver oil infiction, group 2 was given orally with NaCl 0,9% + CCl4 infection, group 3 with notogingseng extract 5g/kg of mice. Results showed the antioxydant effect of notogingseng at moderate level. It increased the liver GSH content in comparing with intocicated group.
Antioxidants ; Animal Experimentation ; Mice

There was no acute toxic on rabbit's bodies after ingested activated charcoal suspension (1g/kg and 1,2g/kg body weight). Circulating blood cells and the function of kidney and liver were not changed after 7 days ingested activated charcoals
Animal Experimentation ; Poisoning ; Poisons

Diuretic effect of Bach hac fluid extract was investigated on white rat. Results showed that Bach hac (Acaramthus nasutin – Acanthaceae) in the dose of 4g/kg – 6g/kg body weight has increased the elimination of Na+, K+, Cl- and Ca++ ions through kidney, the effect was most obvious in the 2nd and 4th hours after administration under any doses.
Animal Experimentation ; diuretics ; Acanthaceae

Restorative effects of Radix Notoginseng on liver damage provoked by CCl4 in experimental rats. Results showed that an oral adminitration of Radix Notoginseng (RN) 5g/kg of body weight exerted moderate effect of recovering on CCl4 induced liver damage in rats. Although the serum ASAT enzym/concentration in CCl4 – intoxicated and RN treated group was still higher than that of control group after 1 day, it was significantly lower than that of intoxicated and non treated group (p<0,01). There were no difference in ALAT concentration between these 2 groups. 4day course of treatment by RN has reduced both ASAT and ALAT serum levels to normal levels while ASAT level in CCl4 intoxicated rats was still higher
Animal Experimentation ; Mice ; Liver

The sub-chronic toxicity of piperaquine phosphate was assessed in rabbits. Piperaquine phosphate (PQP), at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg of body weight per day for 28 consecutive days, was administered orally. The influences of PQP on rabbits' laboratory indices were observed during the PQP administration and after the treatment. Rabbits treated with PQP by oral administration were found to have normal action dinning. At the dose of 50mg/kg per day for 28 consecutive days, the body weights of rabbits was increased significantly during study period (p<0.05), but was not changed significantly at the dose of 100 mg/kg per dayx 28 days. PQP, at the dose of 50 mg/kg per day for 28 consecutive days, did not change significantly biochemical indices (SGOT,SGPT, bilirubin and protein) and some hematological indices (leukocytes, leukocyte formula and hemoglobin), but significantly increased erythrocytes and creatinine on days 14 and 28. At the treated dose 100mg/kg per dayx28days, biochemical indices (SGOT, protein) and some hematological indices (erythrocytes, leukocytes and leukocyte formula) did not change significantly during study period, but creatinine, bilirubin and SGPT were significantly changed
Animal Experimentation ; Rabbits