Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Methods Totally 32 patients with RCC confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.The tumor diameter and maximum standard uptake values (SUVrmax) of different pathological types (clear and none clear RCC),different Fuhrman grades (high grade and low grade of clear RCC) and different clinical stages (distant and without distant metastases) were ana lyzed and compared.Results 32 RCC patients including 33 primary tumors,31 lesions were detected by PET/CT and 2 were false negative,the detection rate was 93.94％.The PET/CT findings of 31 primary lesions were mixed density soft tissue masses,and the 18F-FDG uptake accessible,above or below to the normal renal parenchyma;the other 2 lesions of PET/CT findings were normal.18F-FDG uptake of vein tumor thrombus in 8 cases and metastases in 19 cases were higher than the organs affected.The tumor diameter and SUVmax had no statistically significant difference in different pathological types and Fuhrman grades;The tumor diameter had no statistically significant difference,and SUVmax had statistically sig nificant (t=3.852,P=0.001) between different clinical stages.Conclusion The PET/CT findings of RCC primary lesion are varied,and small clear RCC with low Furhman grade may have no obvious abnormality and missed diagnosis;18F-FDG PET/CT has important value in the preoperative staging of RCC.

Objective: To amplify the ATP7B gene of Wilson disease (WD) patients by PCR and to sequence the amplification product, so as to characterize the possible mutations. Methods: The genomic DNA of 41 WD patients, 10 normal controls and a WD genealogy (proband's daughter and parents) were extracted. The fragments of exon 8 and 12 of ATP7B gene were amplified using PCR, and the PCR products were directly sequenced. Results: No abnormality was found in the control group. Mutations of exon 8 were found in 11 WD patients, with 6 WD patients having Arg778Leu heterozygous mutations. Mutations of exon 12 were found in 4 WD patients, with 2 patients having Arg952Lys mutations. In the sibs of the WD patient, the proband's daughter carried 2 heterozygous mutations: Arg778Leu mutation of exon 8 was from her father and Pro992Leu mutation of exon 13 from her mother; the proband's parents were found as normal heterozygous carriers. Conclusion: Exon 8 and 12 of ATP7B gene are prone to mutations in Chinese WD population, and the mutations of other exons, such as exon 13, also exist.

Objective: To prepare and characterize the matrine-loaded poloxamer hydrogels and explore their therapeutic effect on chronic eczema in mice. Methods: The matrine hydrogels were prepared with poloxamer 407 and 188 as matrix. The viscoelasticity of the matrine hydrogels was characterized by rheometer. The ear swelling and weight difference were tested, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were detected by ELISA method. The histopathological change of mouse ear tissues was examined via HE-staining, and the immunohistochemical examination was performed to detect the protease-activated re-ceptor-2(PAR-2)expression in mouse ear. These assays were performed to investigate the therapeutic effect of matrine hydrogels on chronic eczema in mice. Results: The matrine hydrogels had good fluidity and spreadability, and rapidly formed a transparent, viscous uniform hydrogel at the skin temperature. Compared with the normal group, the ear weight difference and swelling degree were significantly increased(P<0.05)at the 3, 5 and 10 days after the establishment of the chronic eczema model. Compared with the model group, the ear weight difference and swelling degree were reduced significantly in the martrine hydrogel group(P<0.01), and the serum TNF-α and IL-6 level(P<0.01)and the PAR-2 expression in the chronic eczema tissue(P<0.01, P<0.05)were both significantly decreased in the martrine hydrogel group. Conclusion: Martrine hydrogels could inhibit the inflammatory infiltration of dermal layer and the epidermal layer damage caused by chronic eczema, which are expected to be a good topical gel preparation for treating chronic eczema of skin.

Objective: To prepare and characterize armodafinil nanocrystals, and investigate its release in vitro. Methods: Anti-solvent precipitation technology was used to prepare the armodafinil nanocrystals. The formulation and preparation process of the armodafinil nanosuspension were optimized by the orthogonal design experiment with the average particle diameter as the evaluation index. The suspension was prepared into nanocrystals by freeze-drying technology. The particle size and the polydispersity coefficient of the armodafinil nanocrystals were measured. The X-ray powder diffraction method was used to investigate the crystal form transition of the armodafinil. The dissolution behavior of the armodafinil nanocrystals and raw substances was investigated and compared with each other by the slurry method. Results: The prepared amodafinil nanocrystals had a quite uniformly distributed particle size around 100 nm. The nanocrystals appeared to be in irregular form. After amodafinil was made into nanocrystals, the solubility and dissolution were significantly improved. The crystal form of amodafinil significantly changed after nanocrystallization. Conclusion: The preparation of a small and uniformly distributed particle size of amodafinil nanocrystals could significantly improve the dissolution performance of amodafinil, which is beneficial to improving the bioavailability of insoluble drugs.

This study was aimed to investigate the influence of TLR2 and TLR4 agonists on the migration and adhesion activity of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and to clarify the underlying mechanisms. The expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on MSC was detected by flow cytometry. The effects of TLR2 agonist (PAM3CSK4) and TLR2 agonist (LPS) on MSC migration and adhesion ability were evaluated with chemotaxis and adhesion test. The results indicated that expressive levels of TLR2 and TLR4 on surface of human bone marrow MSC were (24.5 ± 3.2)% and (91.3 ± 5.2)% respectively. Compared with the control group, the migration activity of MSC toward SDF-1 was decreased significantly in PAM3CSK4 group, while the adhesion activity of MSC was promoted by PAM3CSK4 exposure. However, both the migration activity toward SDF-1 and the adhesion activity of MSC were not changed significantly in LPS-treated group. Further, it was found that PAM3CSK4 did not affect the expressive level of CXCR4 on MSC, however, it could inhibit the spontaneous migration of MSC in dose dependent manner. It is concluded that activation of TLR2 can decrease the migration ability of MSC, which may associate with the decreased spontaneous migration ability and the increased adhesion activity of MSC.
Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Lipopeptides ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Toll-Like Receptor 2 ; agonists ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; agonists

AIM: To explore the efficacy of Ex-press glaucoma drainage device on open-angle glaucoma.

METHODS: We collected the clinical data of those patients who were diagnosed as open angle glaucoma and had undergone Ex-press glaucoma drainage device implantation or trabeculectomy in the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2014 to May 2016. The data of patients was collected and used to make a comparison involving sex, ages, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), intraocular pressure(IOP), the amount of corneal endothelium cells and complications before and after operations.

RESULTS: There was no significantly different(P>0.05)between the Ex-press group and trabeculectomy group on postoperative BCVA at 6mo. Both groups had obvious effects on the drop of IOP after operations(P<0.001), but there was no difference between the two groups at any time after operations. Ex-press group had no significant difference at 6mo while it had in the trabeculectomy group about the amount of corneal endothelium cells comparing with preoperative. The incidence rate of overall complications about Ex-press group and trabeculectomy group was 15% and 43% respectively, it had a significant difference between two groups(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The Ex-press glaucoma drainage device had similar efficacy with lower complication rate and smaller influence of corneal endothelium cells comparing with trabeculectomy.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of respiratory viral infections, and correlation between inflammatory cytokines and respiratory virus infections in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods: One hundred and ninety-six patients with AECOPD admitted to Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from July 2017 to February 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The respiratory viruses and peripheral blood inflammatory cytokines were detected. The difference of clinical features and inflammatory cytokines between viral positive patients and viral negative patients were compared, and the risk factors of respiratory viral infection in patients were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. Results: Sixty-seven cases (34.2%, 67/196) were positive for viral detection. Among them, the positive rate of influenza A virus was the highest (37.3%, 25/67), followed by rhinovirus (34.3%, 23/67). Compared with those in negative group, fever, inhaled glucocorticoid, diabetes mellitus increased: 55.2% (37/67) vs. 12.4% (16/129), 59.7% (40/67) vs. 35.7% (46/129), 29.9% (20/67) vs. 11.6% (15/129), hospital stay and CAT score in stable stage increased: (12.9 ± 3.2) d vs. (10.1 ± 2.6) d, (29.6 ± 3.2) scores vs. (22.6 ± 3.6) scores, CD₈⁺ cells decreased: 0.191 ± 0.063 vs. 0.254 ± 0.076, and the levels of interferon-inducible protein-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein increased in positive group: (132.4 ± 21.6) ng/L vs. (53.1 ± 12.4) ng/L, (39.2 ± 2.5) ng/L vs. (16.6 ± 2.3) ng/L, (40.3 ± 4.2) mg/L vs. (12.0 ± 1.1) mg/L. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Multifactor Logistic regression analysis showed that, fever, CAT score in stable stage, serum interferon-inducible protein (IP)- 10 and TNF-α levels were correlated with respiratory viral infections in patients with AECOPD (OR = 18.013, 1.233, 1.021 and 1.083; P < 0.05). Conclusions Respiratory viral infections are common in AECOPD. Influenza A virus and rhinovirus are the two most common viruses. Fever is a common symptom. Patients with severe respiratory symptoms at stable stage are susceptible to viral infection. Viral infection is associated with an increase in serum IP-10 and TNF-α levels.

The visual acuity testa were performed in 8219 children(16 438 eyes)under 5 years of age with sound and light toys,electric torch and a retinoscope.The general ocular examination and mydriatic optometry were also performed for the ametropia.In 8219 children 61 were found to have dominant strabismus,including 59 cases of concomitant strabismus and 2 paralytic strabismus.AbnormaJ refraction was detected in 404 children(739 eye)accounting for 4.92%,including 68 cases of anisometropia (0.83%).In 16 438 eyes 621(3.78%)were moderate or hyper-presbyopia;53(0.32%)were myopia;65 (0.40%)were mixed astigmatism.The vision acuity test described above is a simple and convenient method suitable for children under 5 who are not able to read the conventional test chart.

Objective: To explore the diagnosis value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with venous tumor thrombosis (VTT). Methods: PET/CT data of 27 patients with pathologically confirmed RCC with VTT were analyzed retrospectively. PET/CT grading was compared with clinical grading for classification of VTT. According to pathological findings, the patients were divided into venous wall invasion group and venous wall noninvasion group. SUVmax of primary tumor, of VTT and inferior vena cava diameter were compared between two groups. Results: The average SUVmax of VTT was 6.98±5.50 in 27 cases with 100% (27/27) detection rate for VTT. Correct classification of VTT was performed in 26 cases with PET/CT, the accuracy rate was 96.30% (26/27). The average SUVmax of bland thrombosis (BT) was 1.30±0.28 in 8 cases, and the diagnostic accuracy was 87.50% (7/8). SUVmax of VTT was significantly higher than that of BT (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in SUVmax of primary tumor, SUVmax of VTT nor inferior vena cava diameter between 2 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: PET/CT has high detection accuracy for RCC with VTT and BT, also for tumor thrombus classification, but has limited ability to evaluate vein wall tumor invading.

[Abstrct] Objective To compare the short -term tumor response and adverse events of two chemoradio-therapy regimens for locally advanced non -squamous non-small cell lung cancer .Methods From March 2009 to January 2013 ,we recruited 42 patients with stage ⅢNSCLC who had received three -dimensional intensity -modulated radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy .group A treated with radiotherapy combined pemetrexed plus cisplatin and group B treated with radiotherapy combined docetaxel plus cisplatin .We compared the short -term tumor response and adverse events between the two regimens .Results There were 28 cases in group A and 14 cases in group B .There were no significant differences between the two groups in hematologic toxicities ,such as leukopenia,neutropenia,anemia and thrombocytopenia.In non-hematologic toxicities,radiation pneumonitis and cough were no significances respectively (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other non -he-matologic toxicities,such as liver dysfunction,renal dysfunction,fever,dyspnea,radiation esophagitis,hypody-namia,weight loss,gastrointestinal reactions and skin reactions .The response rate displayed no differences be-tween two groups .Conclusion This study reveals Pemetrexed plus cisplatin group had less non -hematologic toxicities than Docetaxel plus cisplatin group in locally advanced non -squamous non -small cell lung cancer . But there are no differences in the short -term tumor response between the two regimens .