Objective: To investigate the effects of processing and compatibility of ginger for the treatment of cold asthma rats at the metabolomics level by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methods: The rats of cold asthma were established by ovalbumin (OVA) + ice water bath. The rats divided randomly into the control group, model group, Linggan Wuwei (fresh/dry/stir- frying) Jiangxin Decoction group and the positive drug Guilong Kechuanning group. The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining; The inflammatory cell count in BALF and the content of IgE, IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum were determined. GC-MS was used to conduct the non-targeted metabolomics study to search the serum and urine related differential metabolites in rats with cold asthma, and MetaboAnalyst was used to construct related metabolic pathways. Results: The results showed that Linggan Wuwei (fresh/dry/stir-frying) Jiangxin Decoction improved the pathological changes of rat lung tissue, significantly reduced the BALF inflammatory cell count in BALF and IgE and IL-4 levels in serum, and increased IFN-γ levels. Compared with the control group, 37 differential metabolites (15 in serum and 22 in urine) were screened in cold asthma rats. And seven metabolic pathways involving energy metabolism, oxidative stress may be associated with cold asthma by Metaboanalysis pathway analysis. The overall metabolic profile of the cold asthma rats with the intervention of Linggan Wuwei (fresh/dry/stir-frying) Jiangxin Decoction tended to normal levels. The effect of Linggan Wuwei (dry) Jiangxin Decoction on cold asthma was better than Linggan Wuwei (fresh/stir-frying) Jiangxin Decoction. Conclusion: It is more reasonable to process ginger into dried ginger in Linggan Wuwei Jiangxin Decoction against cold asthma. Ginger processing-compatibility may play a therapeutic role in cold asthma rats by regulating energy metabolism and oxidative stress.

Objective: To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of geniposide and to explore the mechanism. Methods: The diabetic mice were induced by a single dose of 90 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) injection followed by four-week high-fat diets and randomly divided into three groups: normal control (con), diabetic model (diab), and geniposide (gen, 100 mg/kg) groups. Body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured during the treatment. Thirty days later, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, blood samples were collected to measure insulin concentration in plasma. The morphological changes of pancreas pathology and β-cell proliferation were examined by immuno-fluorescent staining of insulin and Ki67. The phosphorylations of AKT and GSK-3β (p-AKT and p-GSK-3β) in liver tissues were detected by Western blotting assay. Results: Compared with the diab group, geniposide showed significantly hypoglycemic effect, together with lowering body weight, increasing the insulin content in plasma, and improving OGTT. The immuno-fluorescent staining showed the islets destruction caused by hyperglycemia was recovered by geniposide. The β-cell proliferation presented by Ki67 staining increased as compared with that in the diab group. Moreover, both p-Akt and p-GSK-3β levels in the liver tissue were upregulated by geniposide remarkably. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that geniposide could ameliorate the hyperglycemia in diabetic mice by enhancing the pancreatic β-cell proliferation and activation of AKT signaling pathway in liver.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness between modified ilioinguinal approach combined with Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approach and Stoppa approach combined with K-L approach for the treatment of complicated acetabular fractures. Methods: Between May 2011 and May 2016, Sixty-two patients with complicated acetabular fractures were treated with operation via combined anterior and posterior approaches. Thirty-four cases (group A) were treated with modified ilioinguinal approach combined with K-L approach, and 28 cases (group B) were treated with Stoppa approach combined with K-L approach. There was no significant difference in gender, age, injury causes, the type of fracture, time from injury to operation, and associated injury between 2 groups ( P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospitalization time were recorded. X-ray film was performed to evaluate the fracture reduction according to the Matta reduction criteria and observe the fracture healing, osteoarthritis, and heterotopic ossification. Clinical results were evaluated according to the grading system of modified d'Aubigne and Postel. Results: There was no significant difference in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospitalization time between 2 groups ( P>0.05). Postoperative incision fat liquefaction occurred in 2 cases in group A and group B respectively, and deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity occurred in 1 case in group A. No iatrogenic injury was found in 2 groups. Fifty-six patients were followed up after operation. Thirty patients in group A were followed up 12-48 months (mean, 31.8 months). Twenty-six patients in group B were followed up 12-46 months (mean, 30.2 months). At 12 months after operation, according to the grading system of modified d'Aubigne and Postel, the hip function was rated as excellent in 9 cases, good in 16 cases, fair in 3 cases, and poor in 2 cases, with the excellent and good rate of 83.3% in group A; the hip function was rated as excellent in 7 cases, good in 14 cases, fair in 2 cases, and poor in 3 cases, with the excellent and good rate of 80.8% in group B. There was no significant difference in the hip function between 2 groups ( Z=0.353, P=0.724). The X-ray films showed that there were 23 cases of anatomical reduction, 6 cases of satisfactory reduction, and 1 case of unsatisfactory reduction in group A, and 20 cases, 5 cases, and 1 case in group B, respectively. There was no significant difference in the results of fracture reduction between 2 groups ( Z=0.011, P=0.991). Fracture healing was observed in both groups. There was no significant difference in fracture healing time between 2 groups ( t=0.775, P=0.106). During follow-up, 5 cases of osteoarthritis changes, 2 cases of heterotopic ossification, and 2 cases of avascular necrosis of femoral head occurred in group A, and 4 cases, 2 cases, and 1 case in group B, respectively. The difference between 2 groups was not significant ( P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the location and type of fracture, making a choice between the modified anterior approach and Stoppa approach, and then combined with K-L approach for treatment of complicated acetabular fracture, can obtain satisfactory effectiveness.

Objective: To compare the clinical and radiographic results between primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) via mini-subvastus or conventional approach through a prospective randomized controlled study.

To study the quality marker (Q-marker) of Atractylodes macrocephala based on the concept, standard, and research model of Q-marker. The chemical constituents of A. macrocephala were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The source and specificity of chemical constituents were confirmed by analyzing biosynthetic pathway and component specificity. The major effective components were clarified through efficacy, drug property, and correlation analysis of chemical constituents. The possible Q-markers of A. macrocephala are estimated based on the results of the study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical outcomes of engraftment, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and survival in the patients with AML1-ETO positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). METHODS: Forty-Five patients with high-risk refractory AML1-ETO positive AML were treated with a single UCBT in a single center from July 2010 to April 2018. All the patients underwent a myeloablative preconditioning regimen，and cyclosporine A (CSA) combined with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was used to prevent GVHD. RESULTS: The median value of total nucleated cells (TNC) in cord blood was 5.21 (1.96-12.68)×10/kg recipient body weight, and that of CD34+ cells was 5.61 (0.56-15.4)×10/kg recipient weight. The implantation rate of neutrophil at 42 d and that of platelet at 120 d were 95.6% and 86.7%, respectively. The median time of absolute neutrophil count (ANC)＞0.5×10/L and platelet 20×10/L were 16 (12-18) d and 37 (17-140) d after transplantation, respectively. The cumulative incidence of Ⅰ -Ⅳ grade acute GVHD (aGVHD) at 100 d after transplantation was 48.9% (95% CI 33.5%-62.6%), Ⅱ-Ⅳ grade aGVHD occurred in 12 cases (33.3%) (95% CI 20%-47.2%) , and Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade a GVHD in 8 cases (20%) (95% CI 9.8% -32.8%). In 5 cases of 40 patients survived over 100 days, the chronic GVHD (cGVHD) occurred after transplantation, among which 4 were localized, and 1 was extensive. 3 patients relapsed, and the 2-year cumulative relapse rate was 9.5% (95% CI 2.4%-22.8%). The median follow-up time was 23.5 (0.9-89.67) months, 10 patients died, 2-year disease-free survival rate (DFS) was 72.7%, and overall survival rate (OS) was 75.5%. Multivariate analysis showed that Ⅲ-Ⅳ. acute GVHD (aGVHD) affected overall survival. CONCLUSION UCBT is an effective rescue treatment for patients with high-risk refractory AML1-ETO positive AML.
Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Mycophenolic Acid ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; RUNX1 Translocation Partner 1 Protein ; Transplantation Conditioning

Objective: To construct a mouse derived pcDNA3. 1 ⁃3 × Flag⁃c⁃NUP85 expression plasmid and observe its effect on expression of inflammation factors in LPS⁃induced RAW264. 7 cells , as well as on the proliferation and apoptosis of RAW264. 7 cells. Methods: The NUP85 gene was amplified by PCR to construct pcDNA3. 1 ⁃3 × Flag-c⁃NUP85 eukaryotic expression plasmid. The pcDNA3. 1 ⁃3 × Flag⁃c vector was divided with enzymes. The purified PCR product was ligated with the vector, and the ligated product was transformed into bacterial competent cells. After identification by enzyme digestion , sequencing and analysis were performed. Then , it was transfected into RAW264. 7 cells , and the blank plasmid without NUP85 gene was set as the control group. The effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by CCK⁃8 assay and flow cytometry , and the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor⁃α (TNF⁃α ) and interleukin⁃6 (IL⁃6) in LPS⁃induced RAW264. 7 cells was detected by Western blot and ELISA. Results: Enzyme digestion identification and Western blot results showed that pcDNA3. 1 ⁃3 × Flag⁃c⁃NUP85 eukaryotic expression plasmid was successfully constructed and expressed. The results of CCK⁃8 assay showed that the cell survival rate of NUP85 overexpression group was significantly lower than that of control group after 24 h[(0. 55 ± 0. 03) vs (0. 67 ± 0. 05) , F = 30. 98 , P < 0. 05 ] . The results of flow cytometry showed that the cell apoptosis rate of NUP85 overexpression group was higher than that of control group[( 15. 78 ±1. 05)% vs ( 13. 40 ± 0. 47)% , F = 75. 38 , P < 0. 05] . The results of Western blot and ELISA showed that after transfection of pcDNA3. 1 ⁃3 × Flag⁃c⁃NUP85 , the expression of TNF⁃α and IL⁃6 in RAW264. 7 cells were higher than those in the control group ,with statistical significance (P < 0. 05) . Conclusion NUP85 can inhibit the proliferation and promote apoptosis in LPS⁃stimulated RAW264. 7 cells , and NUP85 can promote the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL⁃6 and TNF⁃α in LPS⁃stimulated RAW264. 7 cells.

This study is to investigate the protective effect of urantide against myocardial ischemia injury in mice and its mechanism. The ischemic model was made by using subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (Iso) in mice, the change of ST segment of electrocardiogram (ECG) was observed, and the activitise of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nitric oxide synthetase (NOS), the contents of malonaldehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in serum were measured. The histopathological changes of myocardium were observed by using HE staining. The anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) model of myocardial cells on neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats was established. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and confocal microscopy were respectively used to measure the viability and intracellular Ca2+ concentration in myocardial cells exposed to A/R. LDH activity and cTnI content in the cell culture medium were assayed for the evaluation of myocardial cells injury. The results revealed that urantide in the range of 3 - 30 microg kg(-1) iv markedly inhibited Iso-induced raise of the ST segment of ECG; 10 and 30 microg kg(-1) significantly reduced the increases of MDA content and LDH activity in mice serum, remarkably raised the activity of NOS and the content of NO. Urantide (10 and 30 microg kg(-1)) also significantly ameliorated myocardial ischemic injury. On the A/R model of myocardial cells, urantide (1 x 10(-6) - 1 x 10(-9) mol L(-1)) could evidently inhibit the increases of cTnI content, reduce the rise of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Urantide (1 x 10(-6) - 1 x 10(-7)) mol L(-1) increased the viability of myocardial cells injured by A/R and cut down LDH activity in the cell culture medium. Therefore urantide has significant protective effect against myocardial ischemia or A/R injury via the inhibition of Ca2+ overload and the augmentation of NO synthesis.
Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Isoproterenol ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Mice ; Myocardial Ischemia ; blood ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; blood ; Peptide Fragments ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Troponin I ; metabolism ; Urotensins ; pharmacology

Objective: To explore the effects of ulinastatin combined with intravenous pump injection of furosemide on myocardial enzymes, renal function and adverse reactions in patients with acute renal failure(ARF) after cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR). Methods: From January 2016 to May 2018, 117 patients with ARF after successful CPR in the Second People's Hospital of Hefei were divided into observation group(n=59) and control group(n=58) using simple random method.The control group received routine treatment, while the observation group added ulinastatin combined with intravenous pump infusion of furosemide.Myocardial enzymology, renal function, metabolism, inflammatory index, adverse reaction and survival rate were compared. Results: Three and 7 days after treatment, the hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(HDBH), isoenzymes of creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB) and mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase isoenzyme(m-AST) were decreased in the two groups, and compared with the control group, which of the observation group were lower [HDBH: (231.42±31.15)U/L vs.(268.59±34.87)U/L; F=12.01, P=0.00; CK-MB: (32.38±4.15)ng/mL vs.(37.57±3.96)ng/mL; F=15.12, P=0.00; m-AST: (25.18±4.24)U/L vs.(33.92±5.60)U/L; F=12.36, P=0.00]. After treatment, the blood urea nitrogen(BUN), 24h urine protein quantity and creatinine(Cr) in the two groups increased firstly and then decreased, and compared with the control group, those of the observation group were lower[BUN: (7.02±1.66)mmol/L vs.(8.47±1.38)mmol/L; F=11.24, P=0.00; Cr: (82.69±9.87)μmol/L vs.(90.18±10.37)μmol/L; F=10.39, P=0.00; 24h urine protein quantity: (15.43±2.17)mg vs.(18.62±3.14)mg; F=11.06, P=0.00]. Three and 7 days after treatment, the levels of blood lactic acid(Lac), hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were decreased in the two groups, and compared with the control group, those of the observation group were lower [Lac: (1.18±0.27)mmol/L vs.(2.17±0.34)mmol/L, F=16.29, P=0.00; hs-CRP: (4.89±0.81)mg/L vs.(6.17±1.10)mg/L, F=13.41, P=0.00; TNF-α: (72.18±7.62)ng/L vs.(83.16±7.79)ng/L, F=11.39, P=0.00]. The incidence rates of adverse reactions in the observation group and the control group were 5.09% and 1.72%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant(χ²=0.24, P=0.62). The survival rates in the observation group and the control group were 50 cases (84.75%) and 39 cases (67.24%) respectively, the difference was statistically significant(χ²=4.92, P=0.02). Conclusion Intravenous pump injection of furosemide combined with ulinastatin can protect the heart and kidney, and improve the survival rate of patients with ARF after CPR and it is worthy of popularizing.

AIM:To analyze the effects of corneal surface morphology and tear-film with different incisions guided by corneal topography after phacoemulsification.

METHODS: Retrospective study. Totally 56 patients(60 eyes)were selected and divided into clear corneal incision group and angle scleral margin incision group who were treated by phacoemulsification in our hospital from June 2019 to December 2020. Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire, tear film break-up time(TBUT), corneal surface regularity index(SRI), corneal surface asymmetry index(SAI)and corneal surface astigmatism(CYL)were measured preoperatively and postoperatively, the results were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: BCVA in both groups increased after operation(P<0.01). The OSDI score of the two groups increased significantly after surgery(P<0.01). TBUT was shortened to varying degrees after surgery(P<0.05). SAI and SRI increased to varying degrees in both groups after surgery, and SAI value of angle scleral margin incision group in 1wk and 1mo postoperatively was significantly lower than that in clear corneal incision group(P<0.05). The corneal astigmatism at 1wk postoperatively was significant increased in both groups(P<0.05). The astigmatism increase of clear corneal incision group at 3mo postoperatively was still higher than that before surgery.

CONCLUSION: Angle scleral margin incision has less effect on stability of tear film and corneal surface morphology, which is reliable on phacoemulsification.