No abstract available.
Angelica*

Angelica sinensis Diels have of blood tonic, laxative effects and was used for irregular period, pain in bones and joins, and dry and weak stomach and loss appetite. This herb can be an alternative for blood tonic medication, so it should not be used concomitantly with vitamins and should be prescribed based on causes of diseases
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Angelica sinensis

Fourteen compounds were isolated from the stem of Angelica polymorpha. On the basis of spectral data, these compounds were identified as isoimperatorin (1), phellopterin (2), bergapten (3), xanthyletin (4), cnidilin (5), geijerine (6), (−)-3'-acetyl hamaudol (7), 7-demethylsuberosine (8), dehydrogeijerin (9), (−)-hamaudol (10), (+)-visamminol (11), divaricatol (12), scopoletin (13), and decursidate (14), respectively. Among them, compounds 4 - 6, 8, 9, 13, and 14 were isolated for the first time from A. polymorpha. Dehydrogeijerin (6) and geijerin (9) were isolated for the first time from genus Angelica. All isolates tested for inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterae. Compounds 1 to 13 showed acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.4 to 37.5 µM.
Acetylcholinesterase* ; Angelica* ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors* ; Chromones ; Coumarins ; Scopoletin

OBJECTIVETo provide theoretical basis for artificial cross breeding of Angelica dahurica from Sichuan and Hebei Province, the characteristics of stigma receptivity and the viability and life-span of pollen were studied.

METHODThe viability and life-span of pollen were evaluated by TTC (2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazlium chloride) test, and the stigma receptivity was estimated by benzidine-H2O2 method.

RESULTThe pollen viability of A. dahurica from Sichuan and Hebei provinces was increased gradually since the bud stage, but those levels had since subsided after the pollen release from craze antheral. There was a little difference in the pollen viability of A. dahurica from Sichuan at different branches. While the order of the pollen viability of A. dahurica from Hebei was main stem < first-order branching < second-order branching. At room temperature, the pollen viability of both decreased during time of anthers dehiscing but also above 50% after 5 days. Compared with 4 degrees C and room temperature, conservation at - 20 degrees C could extend life of the pollen. The stigma had receptivity in 4th day and reached the highest level in the 6th day after blooming.

CONCLUSIONThe optimum artificial pollination times of A. dahurica was 6 days after blooming and choose the pollen in the peak stage of anthers dehiscing.

We conducted comparative study on metabolizable energy content of extracts of angelica keiskei and its byproduct. Total six different groups consisting of five test groups treated with angelica keiskei and one control group were compared. Each of the five test groups were given 30% of one of whole plant, extracts, fermented of extracts, byproduct and extracts plus byproduct, respectively, mixed with AIN93M. After 3 days of adjustment period, all groups were subjected to 4 days of test period during which the amounts of feed intake and excretion were measured everyday. All feces were treated for the prevention of decomposition and changes before its energy content were measured using a bomb calorimeter. The amount of excretion was 4.8 +/- 0.3 g/rat/3 days in control group and 9.9-15.0 g/rat/3 days in the groups were added with extracts of angelica keiskei indicating that the angelica keiskei-treated groups produce 2-3 times more excretion. Metabolic energy of control diet was 4,133.3 kcal. This was found to be 15 to 20% higher compared with the metabolic energy content ranging from 3,117.0 kcal/kg (extracts of angelica keiskei) to 3,259.8 kcal/kg (extracts plus byproducts) angelica keiskei-treated groups. This is interpreted as the result of the decreased metabolic energy in the test diets were substituted with 30% of ngelica keiskei-treated ingredient which has low metabolic content itself. One notable finding is that the metabolic content of the group mixed with byproducts and extracts (1,763.0 kcal/kg) is 27% higher than that of extracts of angelica keiskei (1,286.8 kcal/kg) indicating that mechanical grinding increases the rate of digestion and absorption increasing, in turn, the energy content used in the body. The results of analysis of overall caloric absorption showed absorption rate in order of Whole plant < extracts < byproduct < extract plus byproduct < fermented of extract.
Absorption ; Angelica ; Bombs ; Diet ; Digestion ; Feces ; Plants

Angelicae sinensis Radix( ASR) is a commonly used medicinal material in Chinese medicine,widely used in clinical practice of Chinese medicine,Gansu province is the genuine production area of ASR. This paper studies the evolution law of drying method of ASR,the results showed that drying process was the key affection of the medicinal properties and quality of ASR,and it was an important reflection of the authentic properties of ASR. The drying history of ASR has gradually changed from the earliest shade drying to various drying methods. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia stipulates that the drying method of ASR is"fumigation drying",and the traditional drying method can not meet the processing needs of the origin. In recent years,the new drying methods and drying effects on the quality of ASR are more.
Angelica sinensis ; Desiccation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal

Wild Angelica sinensis is almost endangered, studying the biological characteristics of wild A. sinensis seeds is helpful for varietal improvement and its conservation. This paper systematically studied the morphological structure, thousand seed weight, viability, storage and other basic biological characteristics of wild A. sinensis fruits and seeds, and focused on the germination of excised embryos,the development of embryo, the effects of the temperature,light and hormones on seed germination.The study found that:①The embryos are not fully developed when harvested, the initial germination rate was low, the embryos can develop. After 15 days of low temperature storage, the embryos can develop completely and the germination rate is significantly increased. These results show that wild A. sinensis seeds have no dormancy, and the low germination rate is due to the low maturity of wild A. sinensis seeds. ②The sui-table germination temperature of wild A. sinensis is 15-25 ℃,and the optimal temperature is 20 ℃. Light does not affect the germination of A. sinensis seeds.③The applicable concentration of GA_3 can promote seeds germination, IAA and 6-BA has no significant effect on germination.④The optimum storage condition is dry storage at 4 ℃. Wild A. sinensis seeds can be stored for 1.5 years and cultivated seeds can be stored for 1 year.During the introduction and conservation, the best treatment conditions were dry storage at 4 ℃ for 30 d and soaking seeds with 200 mg·L~(-1) GA_3, the germination rate can reach 86.7%.
Angelica sinensis ; Cold Temperature ; Germination ; Seeds ; Temperature

Excessive application of chemical fertilizer has caused many problems in Angelica dahurica var. formosana planting, such as yield decline and quality degradation. In order to promote the green cultivation mode of A. dahurica var. formosana and explore rhizosphere fungus resources, the rhizosphere fungi with nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, iron-producing carrier, and IAA-producing properties were isolated and screened in the rhizosphere of A. dahurica var. formosana from the genuine and non-genuine areas, respectively. The strains were identified comprehensively in light of the morphological characteristics and ITS rDNA sequences, and the growth-promoting effect of the screened strains was verified by pot experiment. The results showed that 37 strains of growth-promoting fungi were isolated and screened from the rhizosphere of A. dahurica var. formosana, mostly belonging to Fusarium. The cultured rhizosphere growth-promoting fungi of A. dahurica var. formosana were more abundant and diverse in the genuine producing areas than in the non-genuine producing areas. Among all strains, Aspergillus niger ZJ-17 had the strongest growth promotion potential. Under the condition of no fertilization outdoors, ZJ-17 inoculation significantly promoted the growth, yield, and accumulation of effective components of A. dahurica var. formosana planted in the soil of genuine and non-genuine producing areas, with yield increases of 73.59% and 37.84%, respectively. To a certain extent, it alleviated the restriction without additional fertilization on the growth of A. dahurica var. formosana. Therefore, A. niger ZJ-17 has great application prospects in increasing yield and quality of A. dahurica var. formosana and reducing fertilizer application and can be actually applied in promoting the growth of A. dahurica var. formosana and producing biofertilizer.
Fertilizers ; Rhizosphere ; Angelica/chemistry* ; Fungi/genetics* ; Phosphorus

A crude drug “Dang-Gui”, belonging to the genus Angelica, has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in Asia. Various studies have investigated the chemical components and pharmacological activities of Dang-Gui worldwide. However, domestic research results published in Korean are undervalued in international academia due to language barriers. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the domestic research findings systematically for greater accessibility. This review focuses on the results published in four Korean pharmaceutical journals between 1970 and 2018, which detail the botanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological properties of three Angelica species (A. gigas, A. sinensis, and A. acutiloba) used as “Dang-Gui” in Korea, China, and Japan.
Angelica ; Angelica sinensis ; Asia ; China ; Communication Barriers ; Herbal Medicine ; Japan ; Korea

SS-cream is a topical agent for treating the premature ejaculation (PE) which was made up with extracts of 9 oriental herbs (Ginseng Radix alba, Angelicae gigantic Radix, Cistanchis Herba, Zanthoxylli Fructus, Torilidis Semen, Asiasari Radix, Caryophylli Flos, Cinnamoni Cortex and Bufonis Veneum). According to the active compositions, the main mechanism of SS- cream on PE was thought to be the local desensitizing effect. In order to realize the pharmacological action of SS-cream on PE, we performed the corneal sensitivity test with SS- cream and lidocaine in the rabbit (n=80). Both SS-cream and lidocaine inhibited the pin-prick induced corneal reflex dose-dependently (p<0.001). The anesthetic effect of lidocaine was appeared 5 minutes after the application and the duration of action persisted for 10 minutes. The intensities of desensitizing effect of SS- cream were almost same with those of 2% lidocaine, but the time of onset and duration of action was longer than 2% lidocaine. The time of onset was 10 minutes and the duration of action was persisted for more than 30 minutes. There were no local histopathologic changes after the application of SS-cream and lidocaine. With these result, we can conclude that SS-cream has a desensitizing effect on the cornea of rabbit. The believed main pharmacologic mechanism of SS-cream on PE is the desensitization of the Local Surface sensitivity.
Anesthetics ; Angelica ; Cornea* ; Lidocaine ; Premature Ejaculation ; Reflex ; Semen