1.A Case of Immune Hemolytic Anemia Induced by Ceftizoxime and Cefobactam (Sulbactam/Cefoperazone).
Eun Jung BAEK ; Sungsil LEE ; Sinyoung KIM ; Hyun Kyung CHOI ; Hyun Ok KIM
The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2009;29(6):578-584
Simultaneous drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) caused by multiple drugs is rare. We report a case of a patient who developed DIIHA caused by 2 drugs. The patient's serum exhibited agglutination of ceftizoxime- or sulbactam-coated red blood cells (RBCs; via a drug-adsorption mechanism) and of uncoated RBCs in the presence of sulbactam (via an immune-complex mechanism). Although ceftizoxime is known to exhibit a positive reaction by an immune-complex method with or without reactivity with drug-coated RBCs, this patient's antibodies were reactive only against drug-coated RBCs. On the other hand, sulbactam, which is known to cause hemolytic anemia by nonimmunologic protein adsorption, exhibited positive reactions in tests with both drug-coated RBCs and in the presence of sulbactam. This is the first report of DIIHA due to a sulbactam-cefoperazone combination and the fourth report of DIIHA due to ceftizoxime. Owing to the patient's complicated laboratory results, DIIHA was suspected only at a late stage. We propose that for the prompt diagnosis of DIIHA, tests for all possible causative drugs should be conducted by 2 methods.
Anemia, Hemolytic/chemically induced/*diagnosis/immunology
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Anti-Bacterial Agents/*adverse effects
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Cefoperazone/*adverse effects
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Ceftizoxime/*adverse effects
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Erythrocytes/chemistry/metabolism
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Female
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Humans
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Middle Aged
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Sulbactam/*adverse effects
2.Ceftriaxone Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia: Detection of Drug-dependent Antibody by Ex-vivo Antigen in Urine.
Sin Young KIM ; Kyung Soon SONG ; Hyun Ok KIM ; Hwan Mo LEE
Yonsei Medical Journal 2002;43(3):391-394
There have been a few reported cases of immune hemolytic anemia induced by ceftriaxone. We encountered a patient with immune hemolytic anemia that seemed to be stimulated by a degradation product of ceftriaxone. The patient's direct antiglobulin test was positive only for C3d, and no ceftriaxone-dependent antibodies were detectable in the patient's serum. To demonstrate the presence of the ceftriaxone-induced antibodies, an ex-vivo antigen in urine was obtained from the patient. In addition, we prepared a 1 mg/mL suspension solution of ceftriaxone, and group AB serum as a complement source. Using several combinations of the above reactants, the indirect antiglobulin test was performed. Only the indirect antiglobulin test using the patient's serum with the ex-vivo urine antigen was found to be positive. Other combinations were not reactive. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in Korea, in which the causative antibody appeared to be stimulated solely by a degradation product of ceftriaxone.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/*chemically induced/*diagnosis/immunology/urine
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Antigens/urine
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Case Report
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Ceftriaxone/*adverse effects
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Cephalosporins/*adverse effects
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Coombs' Test
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Human
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Male
;
Middle Age
3.Ceftriaxone Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia: Detection of Drug-dependent Antibody by Ex-vivo Antigen in Urine.
Sin Young KIM ; Kyung Soon SONG ; Hyun Ok KIM ; Hwan Mo LEE
Yonsei Medical Journal 2002;43(3):391-394
There have been a few reported cases of immune hemolytic anemia induced by ceftriaxone. We encountered a patient with immune hemolytic anemia that seemed to be stimulated by a degradation product of ceftriaxone. The patient's direct antiglobulin test was positive only for C3d, and no ceftriaxone-dependent antibodies were detectable in the patient's serum. To demonstrate the presence of the ceftriaxone-induced antibodies, an ex-vivo antigen in urine was obtained from the patient. In addition, we prepared a 1 mg/mL suspension solution of ceftriaxone, and group AB serum as a complement source. Using several combinations of the above reactants, the indirect antiglobulin test was performed. Only the indirect antiglobulin test using the patient's serum with the ex-vivo urine antigen was found to be positive. Other combinations were not reactive. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in Korea, in which the causative antibody appeared to be stimulated solely by a degradation product of ceftriaxone.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/*chemically induced/*diagnosis/immunology/urine
;
Antigens/urine
;
Case Report
;
Ceftriaxone/*adverse effects
;
Cephalosporins/*adverse effects
;
Coombs' Test
;
Human
;
Male
;
Middle Age