No abstract available.
Analysis of Variance*

No abstract available.
Analysis of Variance*

This article examined repeated measures analysis of variance (RMANOVA). Within-subjects repeated measurements are unavoidable during clinical and experimental investigation, and between- and within-subject variability should be treated separately. Only through proper use and meticulous interpretation can ethical and scientific integrity be guaranteed. The philosophical background of, and knowledge pertaining to, RMANOVA are described in the first half of this text. The sphericity assumption and associated issues are discussed in the latter half. The final section provides a summary measure analysis, which was neglected by P value-dependent interpreters.
Analysis of Variance

No abstract available.
Analysis of Variance*

No abstract available.
Analysis of Variance*

No Abstract Available.
Analysis of Variance*

In biomedical research, researchers frequently use statistical procedures such as the t-test, standard analysis of variance (ANOVA), or the repeated measures ANOVA to compare means between the groups of interest. There are frequently some misuses in applying these procedures since the conditions of the experiments or statistical assumptions necessary to apply these procedures are not fully taken into consideration. In this paper, we demonstrate the correct use of repeated measures ANOVA to prevent or minimize ethical or scientific problems due to its misuse. We also describe the appropriate use of multiple comparison tests for follow-up analysis in repeated measures ANOVA. Finally, we demonstrate the use of repeated measures ANOVA by using real data and the statistical software package SPSS (SPSS Inc., USA).
*Analysis of Variance ; Chemistry, Clinical ; *Models, Statistical ; Multivariate Analysis ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVE: To quantify, for each activation, the effect of preactivations of differing distribution and intensity on the neutral position of T-loops (7-mm height), specifically the horizontal force, moment to force (M/F) ratio, and load to deflection ratio. METHODS: A total 100 loops measuring 0.017 x 0.025 inches in cross-section were divided into two groups (n = 50 each) according to composition, either stainless steel or beta-titanium. The two groups were further divided into five subgroups, 10 loops each, corresponding to the five preactivations tested: preactivations with occlusal distribution (0degrees, 20degrees, and 40degrees), gingival distribution (20degrees), and occlusal-gingival distribution (40degrees). The loops were subjected to a total activation of 6-mm with 0.5-mm iterations. Statistical analysis was performed using comprised ANOVA and Bonferoni multiple comparison tests, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The location and intensity of preactivation influenced the force intensity. For the M/F ratio, the highest value achieved without preactivation was lower than the height of the loop. Without preactivation, the M/F ratio increased with activation, while the opposite effect was observed with preactivation. The increase in the M/F ratio was greater when the preactivation distribution was partially or fully gingival. CONCLUSIONS: Depending on the preactivation distribution, displacement of uprights is higher or lower than the activation, which is a factor to consider in clinical practice.
Analysis of Variance ; Stainless Steel*

No abstract available.
Analysis of Variance* ; Anesthesiology*

No abstract available.
Analysis of Variance* ; Sample Size*