This work observed on isolated perfused rat hearts, that 10~(-9)mol/L endothelin (ET) induced myocardial contracture, decrease of heart function and coronary flow, intramyocardial Ca~(2+) accumulation and Mg~(2+) loss and etc. These cardiac action of ET were obviously more prominent when Mg~(2+) in the perfusion fluid was lowered to 0.12 mmol/L, and were significantly alIeviated when Mg~(2+) content was increased to 4.8mmol/L (normal plasma Mg~(2+) content is about 1.2 mmol/L). The mechanism of the Mg~(2+) effect on the cardiac action of ET may be related to its inhibition of Ca~(2+) influx into the myocytes. These results suggested that without magnesium defficiency, suitable replenishment of Mg~(2+) probably have practical clinical significance in the prevention and therapy of myocardial injury occurred during diseases with elevated circulatory ET level.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the economics of Yindan xintai dropping pills in the treatment of angina pectoris caused by coronary heart disease from societal perspectives. METHODS:Therapy regimens related to Yindan xintai dropping pills and con-trol regimens were selected from published literatures included in database,and the cost of therapy regimens and clinical effect data were extracted from literatures. Contingent evaluation method was used to measure people's willingness-to-pay for angina pectoris treatments. An econometric model was conducted to transfer the effectiveness data to benefit data. The economics of treatment was evaluated depending upon net benefit or incremental net benefit indicator. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:When Yindan xintai drop-ping pills is used alone,its net benefit is >0,indicating economical advantage;56 d therapy regimen is better than 28 d therapy. When Yindan xintai dropping pills were combined with glyceryl trinitrate tablet,Isosorbide mononitrate sustained-release tablet, Simvastatin dispersible tablet and other drugs,its incremental net benefit is better than control regimens and has good economics.

As quantum dots( QDs),an advanced porduct of nanotechnology,have been widely used in bio-medicine due to their unique photoelectric properties. QD safety evaluation has become a hot area of research. So far,some researchers have expressed concern about the neurotoxic potential of QDs because the central nervous system was confirmed to be one of the target organs. Several studies found that QDs could enter the central nervous system by crossing the blood brain barrier and following neural pathways and produce some neurotoxic effects,such as damaging the structure and function of neural cells and impairing synaptic plasticity. The potential toxicity mechanisms could include oxidative stress,inflammation and change of ion channels.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of oxycodone hydrochloride for prevention of fentanylinduced cough during induction of anesthesia in patients.Methods One hundred patients,aged 18-64 yr,weighing 45-74 kg,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups with 50 cases in each group:control group (group C) and oxycodone hydrochloride group (group O).In C and O groups,normal saline 5 ml and oxycodone hydrochloride injection 0.1 mg/kg (in 5 ml normal saline) were injected,respectively,5 min later fentanyl 3 μg/kg was injected intravenously over 5 s,and 2 min later other drugs for induction of anesthesia were given.The development and intensity of cough were observed within 2 min after fentanyl injection.Results Compared with group C,the incidence of cough was significantly decreased and the intensity of coughing was mitigated in group O.Conclusion Intravenous oxycodone hydrochloride 0.1 mg/kg can decrease the development and intensity of fentanyl-induced cough during induction of anesthesia in patients.

Air Pollution ; Health Status ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the possible mechanism of Fas mediated apoptosis, investigate the correlation of exercise with apoptosis of cardiomyocytes,skeletal muscle and lymphocytes, and explain the changes of histocyte injury under exercise training from a new level of recognition, so as to provide scientific theoretical evidences for the prevention and treatment of overtraining.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search of Springlinker and Pubmed databases was undertaken to identify articles related to Fas mediated apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscle and lymphocytes published in English from January 1994 to December 2004 by using the keywords of "Fas, apoptosis, exercise, skeletal muscle, cardiomyocyte, lymphocyte". Meanwhile, Chinese relevant articles published from January 1994 to December 2004 were searched in the Chinese journal full-text database with the keywords of "apoptosis, exercise, skeletal muscle, cardiomyocyte, lymphocyte" in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: The data were checked firstly. Inclusive criteria:studies related to Fas mediated apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscle and lymphocytes. The repetitive ones were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 58 literatures were collected, 29 repetitive studies were excluded, and the other 29 were accorded with the inclusive criteria.DATA SYNTHESIS: Apoptosis is a gene-controlled process of spontaneous death for cells, and it is the physiological cell death. As a death factor inducing apoptosis, Fas is of important biological significance in regulating apoptosis. The study on exercise and the mechanism of apoptosis signal conduction will explain the changes of histocyte injury under exercise training from a new level of recognition, and provide scientific theoretical evidences for the prevention and treatment of overtraining, Besides,Fas plays an important role in various tumors, diseases of immune system and spinal cord injury.CONCLUSION: The deeper investigation on exercise and Fas mediated apoptosis may disclose the mechanism for the treatment of disease, and introduce new methods of exercise treatment, which undoubtably has important practical significance in accelerating healthy of human being.

Communicable Disease Control ; Humans ; Influenza, Human ; prevention & control ; World Health Organization

Objective To observe the efficacy of methylprednisolone stosstherapy of the IgA nephropathy complicated with partial crescenties formation and effects of this therapy on the urine protein output and renal function.Methods 93 patients of IgA nephropathy complicated with partial crescenties formation were identified by renal biopsy and diagnosed according to the WHO diagnostic criteria in 1982 formulation.The patients were randomly divided into two groups:the control and the treating groups.The control group was treated with oral prednisolone (1mg/Kg/day) plus oral cyclophosphamide(2mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ),while the treating group was administered, on the basis of the therapeutic scheme of the control group,with methylprednisolone 0 5～1 0g(20mg?Kg -1 ?d -1 ) in normal saline solution intravenously by drip,for 8 weeks,The degree of puffiness,BP and 24h urine volume were observed in both groups befoue and after the treatment. The 24h urine protein quantitative determination,urine RBC count(uRBC),urine creatinine,blood creatinine(Cr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),serum albumin (ALB) and the endogenous creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) were also tested.The side effects in two groups were observed at the same time.Results The urine protein output amounts, urine RBC count,blood Cr and BUN were significantly decreased (P

[Summary] MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous small molecule non‐coding RNAs ,which can inhibit target gene expression via blocking protein translation or inducing mRNA degradation.MicroRNA is also involved in some important physiological processes ,such as cell development , differentiation ,proliferation and apoptosis. Recently ,studies have shown that miRNA plays a role in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This article summarized the research progress of correlation between miRNAs and DR.

Acute cholecystitis and acute cholangitis are common acute abdomen in biliary surgery. The morbidity of acute cholecystitis is high, and abdominal ultrasound has become the first choice for imaging examination. Disease assessment and severity grading are used to guide the formulation of treatment plan. Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the first choice for mild acute cholecystitis. Supportive treatment should be used in patients with severe acute cholecystitis to improve symptoms for elective cholecystectomy. For patients with severe cholecystitis who can not tolerate the risk of surgery and have no effect on conservative treatment, gallbladder drainage should be performed in time. Acute cholangitis is an acute disease with high mortality. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is an important imaging examination. The treatment principle of acute cholangitis is early biliary decompression, antibiotic application and general supportive treatment. The common methods of biliary decompression include percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage, endoscopic duodenal papillary bile duct drainage, endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage, and surgical placement of T-tube drainage.