Aged ; Albuminuria ; drug therapy ; urine ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; urine ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; drug therapy ; urine ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Flavonoids ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

A piece of news was introduced into pharmacology course examination.Students were asked to make comments on the news based on pharmacology knowledge or principles.All points of view were summarized and given back to the students after the examination. The right way to answer the question was discussed and a consensus on the answer was reached.lt was indicated that the teaching method in the trial is helpful for improvement of students' overall analytical skills.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the writing quality prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines and to facilitate the standardization of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.METHODS:A total of 15 000 prescriptions were sampled in our hospital in 2006 for an analysis of the problems in accordance with the related standards specified in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(CP,2005 edition)and the new "Prescription management method".RESULTS:The problems manifested as nonstandard in drug name and footnotes,or overdosage and so on.CONCLUSION:We should strengthen the management of the traditional Chinese drugs and improve our pharmaceutical care.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of warm needling combined with Zhangmo decoction (see text) on endometrial receptivity in patients with clomiphene (CC)-induced ovulation.

METHODSOne hundred and sixty cases were randomly divided into a CC group (group A), a CC+ progynova group (group B), a CC+ Zhangmo decoction group (group C) and a CC+ Zhangmo decoction + warm needling group (group D), 40 cases in each one. In the Group A, CC alone was applied. In the group B, progynova was jointly used on the 8th day of menstrual cycle. In the Group C, Zhangmo decoction was jointly used on the 5th day of menstrual cycle. In the group D, based on treatment of the Zhangmo decoction, warm needling was applied at Guanyuan (CV 4), Zhongji (CV 3) and Zigong (EX-CA 1) etc. The endometrial thickness and type, pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), ratio of S/D on day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and pregnancy rate were observed in fou groups.

RESULTSThe PI, RI and S/D in the group C and D were obviously lower than those in group A and B (all P < 0.01). The endometrial thickness was (7.7 +/- 1.49) mm in group B, (8.2 +/- 1.54) mm in group C and (8.9 +/- 1.51) mm in group D, which were significantly different from (6.4 5 +/- 1.26) mm in the group A (all P < 0.01) also there was a significant difference between group C and D (P < 0.05). The rate of endometrial type A was 65.0% in the group D, which was significantly higer than 27.5% in the group A, 32.5% in the group B and 35.0% in the group C (all P < 0.01). The pregnancy rate was 30.0% in the group D, which was obviously higher than 12.5% in the group A, 15.0% in the group B and 17.5% in the group C (P < 0.05). The endometrial thickness and rate of endometrial type A in the pregnant were obviously higher than those in the non-pregnant (both P < 0.01) while PI, RI and S/D was lower than those in the non-pregnant (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWarm needing combined with Zhangmo decoction could improve endometrial thickness, morphology and uterine spiral artery to improve pregnancy rate, which has superior effect to clomiphene, clomiphene combined with progynova and clomiphene combined with Zhangmo decoction.

Chorionic Gonadotropin ; metabolism ; Clomiphene ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mastitis ; therapy ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe preventive and therapeutic effect of Yifei Jianpi Recipe (YJR) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model rats and to explore its mechanism from the way of airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion.

METHODSThe COPD rat model was established by using cigarette smoking combined with intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group (control group), the model group, the YJR group, 6 in each group. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 0. 1 second (FEV0. 1), FEVO. 1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) was tested by lung function device. Pathological changes of bronchi and lung tissues were observed by HE staining. Airway Goblet cells were observed using AB-PAS staining. Contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Protein expressions of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), nuclear factor KB (NF-KB), mucin 5AC (Muc5AC), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rat airway were detected by immunohistochemical assay. mRNA expressions of TLR4 and Muc5AC in bronchi and lung tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR).

RESULTSChanges of bronchi and lung tissues in the model group rats were consistent with typical pathological manifestations of COPD. Compared with the model group, the degree of lung injury was significantly alleviated in the YJR group. Compared with the control group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEVO. I/FVC, and PEF were decreased (P <0. 01), contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in BALF were significantly increased (P <0. 01), protein expressions of ICAM-1, NF-KB, Muc5AC, and TLR4, mRNA expression levels of Muc5AC and TLR4 in bronchi and lung tissues were also significantly increased in the model group (P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, FVC, FEV0. 1, FEV0. 1/FVC, and PEF were significantly increased in the YJR group (P <0. 01, P <0. 05), but the rest indices were significantly lowered (P <0. 01, P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONYJR could decrease contents of IL-8, IL-17, and TNF-α in BALF of COPD model rats, inhibit protein expression levels of ICAM-1, NF-κB, Muc5AC, and TLR4.in airway and lung tissues, thus playing preventive and therapeutic roles by reducing airway inflammation and airway mucus hypersecretion.

Animals ; Bronchi ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Inflammation ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-17 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Lung ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Mucin 5AC ; metabolism ; Mucus ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Objective:To observe the changes in the anatomy of anterior segment before and after phacoemulsification for treatment of angle-closure glaucoma by Pentacam system,so as to assess the efficacy of phacoemulsification combined with artificial lens implantation(ALI)in treatment of early-and middle-stage angle-closure glaucoma.Methods:Forty-two patients with early-and middle-stage angle-closure glaucoma(44 eyes)were included in the present study.The central anterior chamber depth,anterior chamber volume and peripheral anterior chamber angle were examined by Pentacam system pre-operatively and 1 day,1 week and 3 months post operatively.Meanwhile,A ultrasound was used to examine the anterior chamber depth before and 3 months after operation.and the results were compared with those by Pentacam system.Results:Pentacam system could clearly demonstrate the 3-dimensional structures of the anterior eye segment before and after operation.The central anterior chamber depth,anterior chamber volume and anterior chamber angle were increased significantly after operation(P

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at Sanyinjiao with functional magnetic reso- nance imaging(fMRI),analyse the regulating effect of the acupoint Sanyinjiao on various brain areas,explore the mechanisms of Sanyinjiao(SP.6) acupuncture in treating diseases.Methods Eight right-handed healthy volun- teers were scanned at 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scanner while they were aeupunctured at the right Sany- injiao acupoint.Image data were co-registered to correct head motion,spatial normalization and deconverlution analy- sis were conducted.Functional activation maps were generated.Results There observed certain activation in both sides of medial frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus,left inferior frontal gyrus,both sides of paracentral lobule, precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus,left inferior parietal lobule,both sides of preeuneus,right middle temporal gy- rus,right cingulated gyrus,posterior cingulated gyrus,both sides of superior temporal gyrus,transverse temporal gy- rus,insula and thalamus.Conclusion Acupuncturing the Sanyinjiao can lead to the functional changes in parietal lobe,frontal lobe,temporal lobe and insula,precuneus,cingulated gyrus,thalamus,which are closely related to the therapeutical effects of Sanyinjiao.The phenomenon that needling Sanyinjiao can activate certain brain areas proved the correlation between acupoint and corresponding brain cortices.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of femoral troehanter reconstruction and artificial femoral head replacement in treatment of unstable intertrochanterie fractures in the elderly pa- tients. Methods Femoral trochanter reconstruction and artificial femoral head replacement was done on 106 patients with unstable intertrochanterie fractures. There were 45 males and 61 females, at age range of 80-105 years (average 88 years). Most of patients slipt in the room and got fractured. According to the Evans classification, there were 31 patients with type ⅢA fractures, 45 with type ⅢB and 30 with type IV. We used 4 kinds of methods to reconstruct the fracturad imertrochanters : (1) shape of" ∞ " ten- sion band fixation after intertrochanterie fracture reduction;(2) wire loop fixation of the lesser troehanter around proximal femur;(3)defect within the femoral ealear was filled with bone cement and remodeled; (4) for patients with relative intact base of femoral neck, the intertrochanterie fracture was transformed in- to femoral neck fracture and the femoral ealear was fixed with femoral prosthesis stem. Results All the operations continued successfully, with duration of the operation for 45-70 minutes (average 55 minutes). No artificial femoral head dislocation occurred during hospitalization. Of all, 79 patients were followed up for 6-48 months (average 16 months). No Late loosening, dislocation or infections occurred, with total excellence rate of 87.3%. Conclusions For elderly patient with unstable intertrochanterie fractures, reconstruction of femoral intertrochant and artificial femoral head replacement can restore the proximal femoral anatomy, maintain stability of the hip joint and help early functional exeereise, as can reduce ease fatality rate and improve the quality of life.

Altitude ; Animals ; Arvicolinae ; Gene Expression ; Hypoxia ; Rats ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics