?With the deepening study of quercetin, some studies show that quercetin can protect lens, with pharmacological activities such as antioxidation and anti-apoptosis and so on. And they can delay the occurring and developing of cataract. The development and utilization of the quercetin will be expected to be a new means of prevention and treatment of cataract. The article takes in the research progress of that quercetin on the lens with antioxidation, inhibiting aldose reductase and anti- apoptosis and its mechanisms.

Objective To study the activation of macrophage and upregulation of CD40 in neutropenic and nonneutropenic lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI).Methods Forty mice were randomly divided into four groups (neutropenic septic group,neutropenic control group,non neutropenic septic group and normal control group).The pathologic changes of mice lungs were observed after hematoxylin and eosin staining.CD40 expression was determined by flow cytometry.Cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α levels from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were measured by ELISA.Results The average weight and peripheral blood white cell counts were increased significantly in the neutropenic group as compared to the non neutropenic group before the rats were sacrificed [(181.13 ± 16.94) g vs (168.56 ±5.03) g,(9.54 ± 1.25) × 109/L vs (2.56 ± 1.12) × 109/L,P ＜0.05,respectively].The cell counts in BALF were higher in neutropenic septic and non neutropenic septic groups compared to the normal control group [(3.33 ±0.26) × 106/L,(3.23 ± 0.06) × 106/L,(1.68 ± 0.23) × 106/L,P ＜ 0.05].The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α from serum were increased significantly in neutropenic septic and non neutropenic septic groups as compared to the normal control group [(2 337.08 ± 1 148.85) pg/ml,(2 274.01 ± 1 569.37) pg/ml,(96.20 ± 93.69) pg/ml,P ＜ 0.05].The CD40 molecular expressions were higher in neutropenic septic and non neutropenic septic groups compared to the normal control group [(42.06 ± 11.90) ％,(46.38 ±7.42) ％,(21.62 ± 4.86) ％,P ＜ 0.01].Conclusion Upregulation of CD40 molecule induces the inflammatory cytokines releasing,then leads to ALI.Therefore both the inflammatory cytokines and CD40 play vital role in the pathogenesis of ALI.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Lumbosacral Region ; physiology ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Wood ; Workplace

Objective To investigate the effect of montelukast sodium chewable tablets on pulmonary function in children with allergic asthma . Methods 86 cases of children with allergic asthma were randomLy divided into 2 groups, 43 cases in the control group were treated with routine clinical treatment, 43 cases in the experiment group received more with montelukast sodium chewable tablets.Serum T lymphocyte subsets, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-4 concentration levels, as well as FVC, FEV1, PEF levels and clinical efficacy were compared of two groups pre-and post-treatment.Results Compared with pre-treatment, Serum CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 +, FVC, FEV1 and PEF levels in 2 groups increased, serum CD8 +, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-a levels decreased, compared with the control group, serum CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 +, FVC, FEV1, PEF level and the effective rate in the experiment group post-treatment were higher, serum CD8 +, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-αlevels and the ineffective rate were lower, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Montelukast sodium chewable tablets can effectively improve the imbalance of immune function in children with allergic asthma , improve lung function, and has good clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effects of Shuxuetong on hemodynamics and serum sICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods A hundred patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into observation group and control group from Jan 2011 to Jan 2015.Fifty patients in control group were treated with conventional therapy alone and 50 patients in observation group were treated with conventional therapy combined with intravenous injection with Shuxuetong.The changes of hemodynamics were observed before and after treatment and the levels of serum sICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results No statistical significance was found in hemodynamics of control group before and after treatment (P ＞0.05).The indexes of hemodynamics in observation group were significantly improved compared with those in observation group before treatment and those in control group after treatment (P＜ 0.05).The levels of serum sICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α were significantly reduced in two groups after treatment (P ＜0.01) and the levels of serum sICAM-1,IL-6,TNF-α after treatment were significantly lower in observation group than those in control group (P＜0.01).Conclusion Shuxuetong can effectively improve the indexes ofhemodynamics and reduce the levels of serum sICAM-1,IL-6 and TNF-α.It has a positive effect on the treatment of cerevral infarction.

The genus Myristica (Myristicaceae) consists of 120 species, which were distributed in South Asia, from west Polynesia, Oceania, eastern India to the Philippines. Phytochemical studies showed that 164 compounds including a majority of lignans, along with phenglpropanoids, flavonoids and phenolics, have been isolated from this genus, which exhibited anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hyperglycemic and hepatic protective activities. This article summarizes research progress of the chemical compositions and their pharmacological activities from this genus, which could provide reference for the in-depth development and utilization of the Myristica plants.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Myristicaceae ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective To establish the first national standard of Cystatin C.Methods The candidate standard was prepared from human recombinant Cystatin C,diluted and dispensed aseptically.Homogeneity and stability study were carried out on the automated biochemical analyzer.The target value was assigned by six laboratories using widely recognized immumoassay under strict conditions,and traceable to ERM-DA471.Commutabilities of the candidate standard and its saline dilutions were evaluated according to EP14-Evaluation of Matrix Effects.Excel 2007 was used to analyze the results.Results The preparation had good immunological activity and was proved to be homogeneous and stable (6 months sealed at 2-8 ℃,30 days sealed at room temperature and 37 ℃,30 days open-vial at 2-8 ℃).The assigned value of the preparation was (4.47 ± 0.25) mg/L (coverage factor k =2).The candidate standard and/or its saline dilutions have commutability on the 10 evaluated systems.Conclusion The preparation meets the requirements of national secondary standard and could be used in quality control and evaluation of Cystatin C assays in China.

Objective To discuss the clinical ultiliazation and significance of microembolus detection by transcranial Doppler (TCD) sonography in intracranial stenosis-occlusive disease.Data sources All related articles in this review were mainly searched from PubMed published in English from 1996 to 2012 using the terms of microembolic signal,transcranial Doppler,intracranial stenosis,stroke.Study selection Original articles and reviews were selected if they were related to the clinical utilization of microembolus detection in intracranial stenosis-occlusive disease.Results Intracranial stenosis is a significant cause of cerebral emboli,and microembolus detection by TCD sonography were widely used in exploring the mechanisms of ischemic stroke with intracranial stenosis (including the middle cerebral artery stenosis and the vertebral-basilar stenosis),evaluating the prognosis of acute stroke,evaluating the therapeutic effects,and predicting the recurrent events of stroke.Conclusion Microembolus detection by TCD sonography plays an important role in the cerebral ischemic stroke patients with intracranial stenosis.

Objective To compare the efficacy of laryngeal mask of Supreme and i-gel for the airway management in patients undergoing elective lumbar vertebral surgery in prone position. Methods A total of 264 patients,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective lumbar verte-bral surgery in prone position under general anesthesia were divided into two groups (n =132)using a random number table:laryngeal mask of Supreme group (group S)and laryngeal mask of i-gel group (group I).The laryngeal mask of Supreme or i-gel were respectively placed in group S and group I im-mediately after anesthesia induction according to manufacturers’specification.Volume-controlled ven-tilation was used to observe the ventilation quality.The number of laryngeal mask insertion,laryngeal mask insertion time and the ventilation quality in supine and prone position were recorded,as well as the airway seal pressure.The position of laryngeal mask was evaluated by fibero ptic examination in both supine and prone positions.The blood on the laryngeal mask was noted.Finally,the occurrence of laryngeal mask related complications was observed.Results One patient in group I was excluded due to the failure of laryngeal mask insertion after three attempts.No significant difference in type of laryngeal mask,insertion time,adjusted cases,peak airway pressure,and fiber optic examination in both supine and prone positions between two groups.Compared with group S,group I required signif-icantly more attempts of insertion (P < 0.01 ).Nevertherless,ventilation quality in prone position was improved and airway seal pressure in supine and prone position increased (P <0.01 or P <0.05) in group I.No significant difference was found in the occurrence of laryngeal mask related complica-tions.Conclusion In the airway management of patient undergoing elective lumbar vertebral surgery in prone position,laryngeal mask of i-gel is more difficult to be inserted but can maintain higher air-way seal pressure compared with laryngeal mask of Supreme.

Objective To evaluate the patient-controlled paravertebral block (PCPB) in optimizing the cellular immune function when used after radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma performed via video-assisted thoracoscope in patients.Methods Forty-one ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 50-64 yr,with body mass index of 20-25 kg/m2,of TNM staging Ⅰ or Ⅱ,undergoing radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma performed via video-assisted thoracoscope,were randomly divided into 2 groups using a random number table:PCIA group (n =21) and PCPB group (n =20).PCIA solution contained sufentanil 2 μg/kg in 100 ml of normal saline.The PCIA pump was set up to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose with a 15-min lockout interval and background infusion at 2 ml/h.In PCPB group,the patients received paravertebral injection of 0.2％ ropivocaine 5 ml at T5 level on the affected side under ultrasound guidance at the end of operation,and then received PCPB.PCPB solution contained 0.75％ ropivacaine 67 ml in 250 ml of normal saline,and the pump was set up to deliver a 5 ml bolus dose,with a 15-min lockout interval and background infusion at 5 ml/h.VAS score was maintained ≤ 3,and analgesia lasted until 50 h after operation.Before induction of anesthesia (baseline),at end of operation,and at 1,3 and 5 days after operation,peripheral venous blood samples were collected to determine the levels of regulatory T cells,natural killer cells and natural killer T cells (by flow cytometry) and plasma concentrations of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β (by ELISA).Results Compared with group PCIA,the level of regulatory T cells was significantly decreased,the levels of natural killer cells and natural killer T cells were increased,and the plasma concentrations of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β were decreased at 1 and 3 days after operation,and no significant change was found in the rate of cellular immune function decline after operation in group PCPB.Conclusion PCPB provides no significant difference clinically in optimizing the cellular immune function when used after radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma performed via video-assisted thoracoscope in the patients.