Objective: To reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the human thoracic aorta, so as to numerically simulate and study the pulsating blood flow in human thoracic aorta. Methods: A three-dimensional reconstruction of the human thoracic aorta arch was obtained using CT scan imaging on a human aorta by Mimics, a software for image processing. The numerical simulations were obtained based on the principle of computational fluid mechanics and hemodynamics. Results: The distribution of velocity, pressure, and path of the blood flow in the aortic arch of normal people were calculated at a given pulsating and parabolic initial cycle. Our numerical results demonstrated that the blood velocity of distal end was greatly faster than that of proximal end on the interface between branch and aortic arch. There was an obvious pressure gradient between the inner wall and outer wall of blood vessels. The areas where the blood velocity and pressure changed greatly were consistent with the location of the thoracic aortic dissection, especially the area 2-3 cm below the left subclavian artery, suggesting that the blood pressure and velocity may greatly influence the progress of aortic dissection. Conclusion: Numerical simulation and modeling based on CT scan data can help to study bio-fluid mechanics. At the same time, the numerical simulation of blood flow will greatly help the diagnosis and treatment of the aortic dissection and arteriosclerosis.

Adult ; Cardiac Catheterization ; adverse effects ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; therapy ; Hemolysis ; Humans

Objective To report the clinical effects of repairing skin defects in hand by reversed neu- ro-veno-fasciocutaneous flaps based on the superficial branches of radial nerve.Methods Eleven cases with soft tissue defects around the wrist and the dorsum of the hand were treated with superficial branches of radial nerve-cephalic vein neuro-veno-fasciocutaneous flaps.Results The flaps totally survived in the 9 cases,the others were small distal necrosis.Follow-up survey in the(6-48)months after the oporation showed the appear- ante and function were satisfactory.Conclusion Superficial branches of radial nerve neurofasciocutaneous flap is well supplied with blood and easy to perform.It is the ideal flap to repair the skin defects of the first finger web,radial palm and dorsum of hand.

To sum up the experience of microneurosurgical treatment of cavernous sinus tumor, an retrospective analysis was made for 26 cases of cavernous sinus tumor admitted to our hospital from January, 1990 to June, 2001. All the patients received the modified microneurosurgical operation, and the operation was performed in 6 of them by the help of nerve guidance.The tumors were totally removed in 19 patients, and partially removed in the other 7 patients. No patient died, and cranial nerve injury was ameliorated in 14 cases, and some new cranial nerve injuries were found in 6 patients after operation. No recurrence or regrowth of tumor was found during the following up from 8 months to 12 years. It is crucial to master the microneurosurgical techniques for the reduction of operative complications.

The selection of the prosthetic material determine the success or failure of hip arthroplasty. Currently, the metals, ceramics, polymer composites and carbon materials are the main prosthetic materials of artificial hip joint. They have some progresses in biocompatibility, elastic modulus,mechanical properties, useful life, but they still can't reach the ideal standard of design. In this essay, we mainly review the characteristics and applications of the current artificial hip joint materials through its classification in order to provide a reference for choosing appropriate hip joint materials in clinic and increasing characteristic of materials. We consider the polymer composites has more advantages such as biocompatibility, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and price, even if it has shortages in abrasion resistance. As the researches of polymer composites are main focus on abrasion resistance, articular surface and strength,and its performances are increased fast, it has a wide prospect in future.
Animals ; Hip Dislocation ; surgery ; Hip Prosthesis ; standards ; utilization ; Humans

Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Water

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease which is socioeconomically devastating and a significant cause of morbidity in endemic countries or regions. Some countries and regions have brought down the prevalence of schistosomiasis through positive prevention and control programs. However in the past few years with the social and economic development and globalization re?emergence and spread of schistosomiasis led to a growing concern that new endemic areas may occur. This article analyzes the epidemiological situation and the strategies to control schistosomiasis in China and African countries.

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Heart Atria ; Heart Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

In order to investigate the genetic basis of morphological variation of tetraploid plantlets of Atractylodes macrocephala, diploid plantlets were taken as experimental material, sterile filtration colchicine was used to soak 0.5-1.0 cm long buds. The difference between morphology and stomatal of diploid and tetraploid of A. macrocephala was compared, and genome polymorphism was explored by AFLP. The results showed that the buds dipped in 0.1% colchicine solution for 36 h was optimal conditions to induce tetraploid of A. macrocephala with induction rate of 32.0%. Morphological indexes such as leaf area index, leaf length and width, the density of stomas and the number of chloroplast of tetraploid were distinctly different from diploid. Four hundred and fifty-one bands ranging with 80-500 bp were amplified with 24 pairs of primers, the rate of polymorphism was 32.59%. These amplification sites of diploid were different from tetraploid of A. macrocephala, and the differences in morphology of them were reflected in the DNA polymorphism.
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis ; methods ; Atractylodes ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Tetraploidy

Objective To explore the pattern of lymph node metastasis in patitsen with squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus and its significance in lymphadenectomy.Methods The clinical data of 230 patients who received radical esophagectomy with three-field lymphadenectomy was analyzed.The metastatic sites of lymph nodes were correlated with tumor location by chi-square test.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between clinic pathoingical factors and lymph node metastasis.Results Lymph node metastases were found in 133 of the 230 patients(57.8%).The average number of resected lymph nodes was 25.3? 11.4 per patient(range 11～71).The rates of lymph node metastasis were 41.6%,19.44%and 8.3%in the neck,thoracic medi- astinum and abdominal cavity for patients with upper thoracic esophageal carcinoma,33.3%,34.7%and 14%for patients with mid- die thoracic esophageal carcinoma and 36.4 %,34.1%and 43.2 %for patients with lower thoracic esophageal carcinoma.No signifi- cant difference in cervical or thoracic metastatic rate was observed among upper,middle and lower thoracic carcinoma.The difference in lymph node metastatic rate for nodes in the abdominal cavity was significant among upper,middle and lower thoracic carcinoma. The lower thoracic esophageal cancers were more likely to metastasize to the abdominal cavity.Logistic-regression showed depth of tu- mor invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were factors influencing lymph node metastasis.Conclusion Cervical and mediastinal node dissection should be performed independently from tumor location.Abdominal node dissection should be conducted more vigorously for lower thoracic esophageal cancer than of other locations.Patients with greater tumor grade,depth of tumor invasion and angiolymphatic invasion were more prone to develop lymph node metastasis.