Hypoxanthine,the pre_substance of uric acid,was used to create mouse model with hyperuricemia.The dose_effect relationship and time_effect relationship of hypoxanthine during the model establishment were observed.The effect of sex and xanthine oxidase inhibitor on the establishment of mouse model was studied.The results showed this method is effective for the establishment of a stable mouse model with hyperuricemia.

Objectives To investigate the clinical significance of degree Ⅲ meconium-stained amniotic fluid in term pregnancy.Methods Data of 857 full-term gravidas underwent cesarean section for suspected fetal distress in Peking University First Hospital from October 1,2012 to September 30,2014 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into three groups according to the diagnosis of suspected fetal distress:meconium-stained amniotic fluid group (Group 1,n=172),fetal heart abnormality group (Group 2,n=623) and meconium-stained amniotic fluid in combination with fetal heart abnormality group (Group 3,n=62).General information and fetal prognosis of the three groups were analyzed.Factors that might affect the prognosis of newborns were analyzed between the infants with or without acidosis,asphyxia or aspiration pneumonia.Analysis of variance,independent-samples t test,Chi-square test and rank-sum test were used as statistical methods.Results There were no significant differences in maternal age,gestational age at delivery,parity,nuchal cord loop(s),pH value of umbilical arterial blood and gender of newborns among the three groups (all P＞0.05).The neonatal Apgar score,neonatal asphyxia rate and rate of admitting into pediatric ward within 24 hours after birth in Group 1 were similar to those of Group 2 and 3 [1 min Apgar score:9.9±0.7 vs 9.8±0.7 and 9.8±0.7,F=0.322;5 min Apgar score:10.0±0.3 vs 10.0±0.2 and 10.0±0.0,F=0.517;neonatal asphyxia rate:1.7％ (3/172) vs 2.1％ (13/623) and 1.6％ (1/62),x2=0.129;rate of admitting into pediatric ward:16.3％ (28/172) vs 14.3％ (89/623) and 11.3％ (7/62),x2-0.978] (all P＞0.05).The incidence of neonatal aspiration pneumonia in Group 1 was higher than that of Group 2 and 3 [4.7％ (8/172) vs 3.2％ (2/62) and 1.0％ (6/623)],but the differences had no statistical significance (F=10.680,P=0.050).Conclusions Both degree Ⅲ meconium-stained amniotic fluid and abnormal fetal heart rate have the same indicating significance and should be treated actively to lower the risk of poor prognosis of the newborns.

Objective: To study La accumulation and microstructure change of leg bones of rats fed with La(NO 3) 3 in low dosage for a long term. Methods: After the rats were fed by La(NO 3) 3 in dosage of 2 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 for 6 months, the contents of La and Ca,P in the leg bones were determined by ICP MS and spectrophotometry; the microstructure changes of the leg bones were investigated by electron microscopy and X ray powder diffraction. Results: In the leg bones of tested rats, the contents of La and P increased greatly, and those of Ca did not change obviously, so that Ca/P ratio values decreased in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: La was accumulatied in the rat leg bones and the change of bone microstructure induced after the rats were fed with La(NO 3) 3 in low dosage for a long term.

Objective To observe the influence of bony extracts of Myospalox fontanierii(MF)on immune function in rats with hypersensitive reactive inflammation induced by Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA).Methods Levels of lymphocyte transferring factor(TF)and interleukin-1(IL-1)were detected by immunological methods.Results Extracts of MF reduced the levels of IL-1 and TF in rats with hypersensitive reactive inflammation induced by FCA;it could also depressed the lymphocytic transformation rate.Conclusion Extracts of MF exert inhibitory effect on rats with hypersensitive reactive inflammation induced by FCA and its mechanism may be related with immunosuppressive action and the inhibition of IL-1 formation.

To research the association between primary progressive pterygium and tear film.
●METHODS: Totally 60 cases of primary progressive pterygium from September 2012 to June 2013 in our hospital were enrolled. The pterygium eye was for observation group and the contralateral eye as the control group. The differences of eye symptoms, tear film break-up time ( BUT ), Schirmer Ⅰ test ( S Ⅰ t ), corneal fluorescein staining (FL), tear ferning test (TFT) and the conjunctival impression cytology ( ClC) were compared between two groups.
●RESULTS: The eyes in observation group had higher symptoms score, FL score, grades of conjunctival squamous metaplasia, percentage of abnormal tear ferning, but had lower BUT and density of goblet cell, the differences had statistically significance (P<0. 05); Similar S Ⅰ t results were presented in the two groups, the difference had no statistically significance (P>0. 05).
● CONCLUSlON: Primary progressive pterygium can cause a decrease in tear film stability, which in turn lead to some dry eye symptoms such as dry feeling and burning sensation, and its mechanism may be caused by multi-factors, such as density change of goblet cell and the tear fluid dynamics.

In this paper, the relationship between the deacetylating degree of chitin and chitosan content was discussed and explained. And put forward a calculating formula between them.

Objective To investigate the prenatal diagnosis and prognosis of fetuses with mild ventriculomegaly in order to provide evidence for clinical consultation and treatment.Methods The data of 116 mothers with fetal ventriculomegaly who received prenatal care in Peking University First Hospital between January 1,2013 and May 31,2015 were retrospectively analyzed.All cases of fetal ventriculomegaly were found by ultrasound screening,and were subsequently diagnosed by ultrasound consultation as mild ventriculomegaly.The results of fetal cerebral MRI and invasive prenatal diagnosis were analyzed and the growth and development of babies were followed up by telephone using the Gesell developmental scale.All data was analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results Of the 88 cases of solitary ventriculomegaly,48 (54.5％) received karyotype analysis or screening,and only one case was found to be abnormal,which was an unbalanced translocation.Of the 83 mothers with normal delivery,only one infant (1.2％) showed retardation of intelligence and motor development.Of the 28 cases of non-solitary ventriculomegaly,17 (60.7％) received karyotype analysis or screening,and no abnormalities were found.Of the 18 mothers with normal delivery,only one infant showed retardation of growth and development,and was found to have brain hypoplasia before delivery by MRI with normal karyotype.Conclusions The rate of abnormal karyotype in mild vetriculomegaly is very low in this study.The width of the lateral ventricles is stable during pregnancy and the prognosis of infants is good.Thus,whether invasive prenatal diagnosis is necessary for all the fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly remains to be confirmed.

Objective To study the protein fingerprinting of carbapenems resistant and susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) strains ,investigate the clinical value of affinity distance in carbapenems resistant strains .Methods A total of 22 carbapenems resistant Ab strains and 18 carbapenems susceptible Ab strains were collected ,and bacterial protein fingerprinting was detected by surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) ,differentially expressed proteins was analyzed by Biomarker Wizard 3 .1 .Cluster analysis of differential expressed proteins was conducted on SPSS 19 .0 .Results The protein expression pattern of carbapenems resistant and sensitive Ab strains had significant difference (P< 0 .05) .Cluster anal-ysis showed carbapenems resistance Ab was given priority to with type A ,followed by type B .Conclusion The results of cluster a-nalysis carbapenems resistance of Ab protein fingerprinting could determine the distance of affinity relationship of Ab .It could pro-vide a theoretical basis for the infection and clinical epidemiology of Ab .

Objective To investigate the safety of vaginal delivery in gravidas with previous cesarean section and its influencing factors.Methods Four hundred and seventy-four full-term gravidas who received cesarean section at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University First Hospital from January 1,2012 to August 31,2014 were enrolled in this study.Among those subjects,38 who underwent successful vaginal delivery were grouped into vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) group,and the other 436 accepting repeated cesarean section were grouped into cesarean group.Delivery outcomes and maternal/neonatal complications of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed with two-sample t-test and Chi-square test.Results Among the 45 patients (9.5％) who attempted VBAC,seven underwent cesarean section for suspected fetal distress and the other 38 (84.4％) succeeded in vaginal birth without uterine rupture.The amount of postpartum hemorrhage in patients of cesarean group was more than that of VBAC group [(330.8±94.8) vs (257.7± 199.7) ml,t=2.021,P＜0.01] after exclusion of three patients with dangerous placenta previa,and the postpartum hospital stay was shorter than that of cesarean group [(2.5± 1.4) vs (4.5± 1.3) d,t=7.952,P＜0.01].There were three newborns with neonatal asphyxia,twelve with neonatal infections and forty transferred to the Pediatrics Department following cesarean section.Besides,complications of headache and urinary retention occurred in 20 and 32 mothers after cesarean section,respectively.However,no complication occurred in VBAC group.Sixty-three cesarean sections were indicated as thin lower uterine segment and among them,fourteen (22.2％) had muscular rupture.Among the six patients who complained of tenderness in lower uterine segment,three were found having muscular rupture during cesarean section.Conclusion VBAC is an option for gravidas with history of cesarean section only if they meet the criteria for VBAC attempt.VBAC could lower the cesarean section rate without increase the incidence of complications.The rate of trial of labor after cesarean was low,patients education should be strengthened to increase it.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of botulinum toxin type A(BTX-A)injection in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis.Methods Sixty-four patients with spasmodic torticollis underwent the treatment of intramuscular injection of BTX-A in neck muscles.As a result,the efficiency of BTX-A therapy could be evaluated successfully.Results Considerable improvement of symptoms for the spasmodic torticollis patients was observed with BTX-A treatment.The average dose of BTX-A was(120.37 ±25.26) U.Injection points were 30.00 ± 4.85.The Tsui scores before treatment were (13.08 ±4.16) scores,and 2 weeks after treatment were (4.21 ± 2.63) scores.The Tsui scores showed a significant reduction after BTX-A injections (P <0.01).After treatment complete remission rate was 25.0% (16/64),significant improvement rate was 60.9% (39/64),partial improvement rate was 12.5% (8/64),invalid rate was 1.6%(1/64) and efficient rate was 85.9% (55/64).Duration of effect was (16.86-4.57) weeks.Patients who received repeated injections also had good response,with symptoms improved and dosage of BTX-A reduced.No serious adverse events happened in treatments.Conclusion BTX-A therapy is simple and effective in the treatment of spasmodic torticollis and should be considered as the first-choice treatment for the condition.