Humans ; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures ; Orthodontics, Corrective

Health Education, Dental ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Orthodontics ; methods

This paper discussed the differences in teaching arrangement,material construction,teaching pattern, and teaching methods been used in medical microbiology teaching between China and the United State.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Humans

Humans ; Mouth Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Orthodontics, Corrective

Abdomen ; physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Compartment Syndromes ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate prevalence of neurosis in a college of central China. Method:4465 college students were investigated by epidemiological method used in the national survey of 12 areas 10 years before. Result: The present prevalence of neurosis in students were 9.34%, higher than that of the national survey 10 years before (6.44%). In different diagnoses, the present prevalence of anxiety disorder was much higher. Male students had higher rate of neuroses than female, those in grade 3 or 4 had higher rate of neuroses than those in other grades. The most obvious invoke factor of neurosis was lovelorn. Conclusion: The prevalence of neurosis is higher than 10 years before.

The mature seeds and excised embryos of Dalbergia odorifera were used as materials to study the effect of moisture content on their survival, as well as the effect of rapid freezing and vitrification freezing method on seeds and in vitro embryos cryopreservation. The results showed that the germination rate and vigor decreased from 82.67%, 85% to 18.35%, 25% respectively, when the seed moisture content decreased from 15.04% to 8.14%; and the germination rate decreased from 82.67% to 37.50%, 25.37% respectively by vitrification freezing method and rapid freezing method, when the seed moisture content decreased from 15.04% to 9.37%. Among all the moisture content gradient, 12.35% moisture reached the maximal germination rate, which were 63.58% and 50.45% respectively by vitrification freezing and rapid freezing; and when the embryo moisture content was 26.32%, the germination rate decreased from 95.67% to 58.31% and 33.82% respectively by vitrification freezing and rapid freezing. And when the moisture content was in the range of 14.17% -21.34%, the germination rate was a bit of decrease. The experiment results showed that the optimum conditions of seed cryopreservation were: moisture content 12.35%, vitrification freezing; and the optimum conditions of in vitro embryo cryopreservation were: moisture 15.04%, vitrification freezing. In conclusion, the effects of moisture content on germination rate after cryopreservation in D. odorifera seeds and embryo were significant, and vitrification freezing method is much better than rapid freezing method.
Cryopreservation ; methods ; Dalbergia ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Germination ; Seeds ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Water ; analysis

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical application of BODE (body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity) index in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Forty patients with stable COPD in Xuanwu Hospital of Beijing during September 2003 to December 2007, were recruited in the study, including 25 men and 15 women, aged 38 to 85 years (with a mean of 62 ± 13 years). BODE index was measured for each patient, one year and three years after recruitment, respectively. Severity of COPD, including number and duration of episodes, length of each hospital stay and times of hospitalization due to acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), were recorded. All data were statistically analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software for windows. Results ①There was a remarkable difference in COPD severity between patients with BODE score equal to or greater than five and these with less than five (P <0.01 ). ①BODE score inversely correlated with forced expired volume at the first second ( FEV1 ) in COPD patients (P < 0.01 for those with BODE score equal to or greater than five and P <0.05 for these with BODE score less than five, respectively). ③BODE score positively correlated with number and duration of acute exacerbation, length of hospital stay and times of hospitalization due to AECOPD (P <0. 01 for those with BODE score equal to or greater than five and P < 0. 05 for those with BODE score less than five, respectively). For patients with COPD, their BODE score in the first year positively correlated with that in the third year ( r = 0.834, P < 0.01 ). Conclusions BODE index is a better indicator to evaluate their condition severity in patients with COPD.

Staging of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) need to consider tumor factors and functional status of liver,which is different from other solid tumors.Now there are many clinical staging and prognosis systems of HCC.Intermediate stage HCC is commonly occurred at disease diagnosis,with varied clinicopathological charactertics,therapeutic options and survival outcomes of patients.In this review,the definition,current therapeutic strategies,substaging model of intermediatestage HCC and the efficacy of liver resection for patients of intermediate-stage HCC are discussed for further improving feasibility of individualized surgical therapy.