Objective To observe the effect of carvedilol and metoprolol in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and its effect on TNF-α and IL-6.Methods 94 cases of CHF were randomly classified into carvedilol group with 47 cases and metoprolol group with 47 cases, which were treated with metoprolol and metoprolol,respeetively.The clinical effects and the lovels of TNF-α and IL-6 were compared.Results The clinical effeetive rate in carvedilol group was significantly higher than that in metoprolol group( P < 0.05 ).After treatment, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased in both groups (P < 0.05 ).Moreover, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in carvedilol group were significantly lower than those in metoprolol group after treatment (P < 0.05).Conclusion Carvedilol in improving clinical effective rate and decreasing the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 was better than metoprolol,whieh played an important role in treatment of CHF.

Objective To study the ketone luo acid tromethamine analgesia in patients with knee osteoarthritis joint replacement in advance of inflammatory factor and the influence of stress state. Methods Choice for knee osteoarthritis knee joint replacement patients 61 cases, were randomly divided into control group (30 caese) and the observation group (31caese), the control group only received intravenous anesthesia compound epidural block, on the basis of the observation group receied ketone luo acid tromethamine analgesia in advance, the contrast analysis of two groups of patients with preoperative and postoperative VAS score, cytokines and cortisol levels. Results The observation group of patients with postoperative pain VAS score (24 h, 48 h, 72 h) were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05);Observation group with 24h after IL - 8, TNF alpha level significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), the observation group after 48h of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a levels were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05).0bservation group 24h after surgery in patients with Cor significantly lower than the control level (P<0.05), after 48 h Cor and ACTH level observation group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Ketone luo acid tromethamine analgesia in advance can obviously relieve knee osteoarthritis pain after joint replacement, and can significantly reduce inflammatory factor levels, reduce the postoperative patients with stress state.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between serum level of osteopotin(OPN) and disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and explore the importance of OPN in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in RA. MethodsSixty-five RA patients and 20 healthy controls were pros-pectively enrolled. RA patients were divided into active group(n=43) and inactive group(n=22), and ILD groups (n=24) and non-ILD group (n=41). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of OPN in patients with RA and healthy controls, and the relationship between OPN and other clinical and laboratory findings were analyzed.Results① Serum OPN tended to be significantly higher in RA patients (median, 18.0 ng/ml) than in the healthy controls (median, 14.3 ng/ml), P<0.01; ②The serum level of OPN in RA patients showed a significant positive correlation with the course of disease, numbers of tender joints , ESR and CRP, but no positive relationship was found in number of swollen joints; ③ The serum level of OPN was significantly higher in RA-ILD patients(median, 20.0 ng/ml) than that in non-lLD (median, 17.0 ng/ml, P<0.05). And there was remarkable negative correlation between the concentration of serum OPN and the value of PaO2, but no association was found with pulmonary function %VC and %DLCO. ④ Compared with the non-ILD group, the ILD group had more active disease in terms of tender joint counts and swollen joint counts, ESR, CRP(P<0.01) and the serum titer of RF-IgM,(P<0.05). ConclusionOPN plays a role in the pathogenesis of RA and is related to the disease activity. It may serve as an active disease inflammatory marker of RA . OPN may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA related ILD and is associated with the severity of pulmonary damage.

Objective To determine the prevalence of pain beyond the osteoporotic vertebral com-pression fracture (OVCF) in patients undergoing percutaneous vertebral augmentation and the response of pain to the treatment. Methods A retrospective study of 104 patients undergoing percutaneous vertebral augmentation (pereutaneous vertebroplasty and pereutaneous kyphoplasty) was performed to examine the lo-cations and severities of pain beyond the OVCF before and after operation. The Visual Analog Sscale (VAS,10-point scale) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL, 5-point scale) were used. Results Of the 104 patients, 48 (46.2%) suffered pain beyond the OVCF. The pain was firstly located in the sacrococeygeal region and buttocks (26.0%), secondly in the abdomen and sub-xiphoid process (10.6%) and thirdly in the flank, ribs and chest (9.6%) . For all the cases, the mean VAS score decreased from 8.9±0. 8 before vertebral augmentation to 2.9±1.4 after augmentation (t=37.410, P=0.000), and the mean ADL score decreased from 4.1±0.6 before operation to 2.0±0.7 after operation (t=25.331, P =0.000) . For the patients suffering pain beyond the OVCF, the mean VAS score decreased from 8.8±0.9 before vertebral augmentation to 2.8±1.5 after augmentation (t=23.722, P=0.000), and the mean ADL score decreased from 4.2±0.7 before operation to 2.0±0. 7 after operation (t=15.373, P=0.000). The decreases in VAS and ADL scores were not affected by the pain. Conclusion The pereutaneous vertebral augmentation can effectively relieve the pain beyond the OVCF.

Objective To investigate the effects of clonidine on the visceral pain induced by acute myocardial ischemia. Methods Male SD rats weighing 250-280 g were operated upon under general anesthesia with intraperitoneal methane 1.2 g/kg and local infiltration of the skin incision. After tracheal intubation, the animals were mechanically ventilated (VT = 5-7 ml/kg, RR = 75 bpm). The anterior descending branch of left coronary artery was occluded with a snare through the left 4 th intercostal space. The animals were then fastened to a brain stereotaxic instrument and a burr hole was made in the skull. A glass micro-electrode was inserted into the brain. The discharges of noxious stimulation responding neuron (NSRN) in parafascicular nucleus were recorded. Twenty-four rats detected NSRN showed response to coronary artery occlusion (CAO) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 each): group Ⅰ CAO + normal saline 0.1 ml; group Ⅱ CAO + elonidine 30 μg; group Ⅲ CAO + clanidine 100 μg; group Ⅳ CAO + clonidine 100 μg + yohimbine (an α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist) 200 μg. In group Ⅳ , clonidine was administered intravenously 15 min after CAO, and then yohimbine was injected intravenously 15 min later. The discharges of NSRN were recorded every 5 min for 60 min from the beginning of CAO. Results Clonidine 100 μg significantly inhibited the increased frequency of nociceptive discharge rate of NSRN after CAO. However, this effect could be blocked by the α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine.Conclusion Clonidine 100 μg can reduce the visceral pain induced by acute myocardial ischemia through activiting α2-adrenergic receptor.

Objective To explore the pathogenic relationship between cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and adhesion of Cryptococcus neoformans (C.neoformans) to host cells. Method Some drugs and chemical agents were used to pre treat the yeast to observe the impact of iatrogenic factors on CSH, adhesion to host cells and capsule of the yeasts which were treated pretreated with low concentration of drugs and chemical agents for short duration in vitro. Results The results showed that both amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole (FCZ) decreased the adhesion of the yeasts, and caused vasiation of CSH. Ampicillin (AMP) had little influence on CSH and adhesion of the yeasts to host cells, but it caused characteristic ultrastructural changes of outer wall of yeasts and acapsulated changes which were reversible as AmB did. FCZ produced a different ultrazstructural change of the yeast′s wall and capsulated change. The chemical agents, such as PHA, ConA, fucose, mercaptoethanol and trypsin decreased CSH and adhesion level of the yeast while lectin increased adhesion level. Conclusion The above data suggest that there is no significant relationship among CSH, adhesion to host cells and the capsule of C.neoformans which are three independent biologic features of the cell wall surface of yeasts.

Two major family factors: parenting style and parental behavior cast important influence on mentality and behaviour of children. Parenting style has considerable influence on children's cognitive development, emotional support and stress coping methods. It also affects children's understanding of filial belief and behavior. Apart from family violence, divorce and other direct factors, parenting style and parental behavior produce significant effects on children's mind and behavior.

OBJECTIVE:To establish atomic absorption spectrometry for the assaying of the microelement manganese in Changtong oral liquid.METHODS:The light source was hollow-cathode lamp with wavelength at 279.5nm,the electric current of the light was 3.0mA,the slit-width was 1.2nm,the air flow rate was 5.0L/min and the flow rate of acetylene was 1.0L/min.RESULTS:The calibration curves was in linear correlation with adsorption when the detection concentration range of manganese was 0.5～2.5?g/ml(r=0.9 997),the average recovery was 99.24%(RSD=2.06%,n=5).CONCLUSION:This method is simple,fast,accurate,sensitive and precise.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of emodin in Changtong oral liquid.METHODS:HPLC was used.The stationary phase was Nova-Pak C 18 column and the mobile phase was methanol-0.1%phosphoric acid solution(85∶15).The UV detection wavelength was254nm.RESULTS:There was a good linear relationship within the concentration range of0.48～2.4?g/ml of emodin in Changtong oral liquid(r=0.9998).The average recovery was99.73%(n=5),RSD=1.42%. CONCLUSION:This method is simple,fast and accurate.