Health Personnel ; psychology ; Humans ; Love ; Rare Diseases ; therapy

Caries risk assessment (CRA) involves a combination and analysis of factors including individual's age, biological factors, and protective and clinical findings. CRA significantly guides pediatric dentists and oral health caregivers in their decision-making plan for clinical treatment. The following is an introduction on the aspects of harmfulness of childhood caries and CRA for children of different ages.
Child ; Dental Caries ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of intravaginal prostaglandin E1, misoprostol with ricinus oil meal for labor induction. Methods 120 patients with an indication for induction of labor were randomly assigned to two groups (60 cases each) induction with misoprotol, 50μg intravaginally every 3 hours until active labor, or with that ricinus oil meal was taken. Results The time from start of intuction to vaginal deliery was significantly shorter than in the misoprostol group [(12.2±3.5)h vs (18.1±3.2)h] (P<0.05), and fewer patients in the misoprostol group required oxytocin augmentation (10% vs 40%, P<0.05). The mean change in the Bishop score was significantly higher than in those receiving misoprotol (5.5 vs 3.1, P<0.05). Uterine tachysystole occurred more frequently in patients in the misoprostol group (16.7%) than in the ricinus oil meal group (3.0%). No significant difference was noted in the mode of delivery and patients of successful labor induction. Conclusion Vaginally administered misoprostol is an effective agent for the cervical ripening and induction of labor.

Retrospective analysis of 30 cases of penetrating keratoplasty in children followed- up 3 months to 3 years found that 46.7% of the grafts were clear and 53.3% were failures.The younger the children,the higher was the risk of failure,especially amo- ng cases of combined operations.

Spiritual motivation is the basic means of mental reconstruction and behavior improvement.Medical ethics education is a process that fully develop medical resources,mine the essence of western traditional thinking of medical ethics,teach the basic principles of medical ethics,and medical ethics norms,play the role of medical model,train the noble medical ethics emotion,and develop good medical ethical behaviors.Based on the present situation of medical ethics education,this article explores the features of spiritual motivation and its application.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for building harmonious pharmacist-patient relationship and standardizing the legal responsibility induced by drug injury events.METHODS:The related concepts such as the drug injury events and adverse drug reactions were compared and defined;the legal nature of the drug injury events was clarified and the legal responsibility arose from the drug injury events was analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Drug injury events as a legal fact can result in the emergence,change and elimination of the civil legal relationship between pharmacists and patients.The legal responsibility arose from the drug injury events include tort liability,administrative liability and criminal liability.

An experimental study was made on the preser- vation of donor corneas with a Dexsol medium prepared,a total of 40 animal corneas(rabbit and monkey,20 each)and 5 human corneas were used.The corneas were preserved separately at 4℃ for 2 weeks and at 34℃ for 5 weeks.The corneas preserved at different temperatures for different lengths of time were doubly stained with trypan-blue and alizarin red,which revealed that the endothelial cells remained fully active.Transmisscon and scanning election microscopy showed that neither the corneas preserved at 4℃ for 2 weeks nor those preserved at 34℃ for 5 weeks had any pathological changes in the ultrastructure of their endothelial cells.The rabbit cornea preserved with the Dexsol medium was used in homoplastic perforating keratoplasty,which resulted in a transparent transplant 2 months after the opera- tion.In 20 patients who received donor corneas preserved in the Dexsol medium for keratoplasty, the grafts remained clear 3 months after operation, and had an average endothelial cellular density of 1915/m~2 in the central region.

Obesity is associated with numerous metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Losing weight is an effective way of improving insulin sensitivity, thus decreasing the risk of obesityassociated diabetes and chronic cardiovascular disease. There is evidence that Liraglutide, as a human glucagon-like peptide-1 ( GLP-1 ) analogue, either using alone or combining with other glucose-lowering drugs, has effect on improving glycemic control, protecting β-cell function, and reducing body weight via inhibiting feeding behavior and delaying gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, liraglutide is a new option for treating type 2 diabetes patients.

BACKGROUND: There was degeneration in the dermis only,but not necrosis completely after deep burn or mixed Degree Burns. After treatment with auto-skin grafting,the denatured dermis will recover to normal or close to normal morphology and structure. OBJECTIVE: To comparatively analyze the long-term effect of repair of deeply burned in function regions with large sheet of split-thickness auto-skin grafting with the preservation of denatured dermis or not during eschar shaving. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: A case analysis was performed in Department of Burnt Surgery of Dongguan Qingxi Hospital from March 2006 to June 2008. PATICIPANTS: Fifty-eight patients with deep burn in function regions were randomly divided into three groups according to different therapy ways. METHODS: The denatured dermis of patients in derma excised group was cut completely during eschar shaving and large sheet of split-thickness auto-skin was transplanted. The necrotic crust was cleared away with pare scab or scrape scabby method and reserved the denatured derma in derma reserved group. The patients who did not agree to operating skin transplanted on clinic served as control group,and they were treated with dressing change means till wound healing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of the bleeding volume in operation and scar proliferation after operating among the three groups,and evaluation the grade of the function. RESULTS: The bleeding volume in derma reserved group was less than that in dermis excised group during the operation. The survival rate of grafting skin in derma reserved group was lower than that in derma excised group. The shrinkage of grafting skin in derma excised group was more obvious than that in derma reserved group,and the long-term function would be worse than that in derma reserved group. The scar proliferation in control group was most obvious and the recovery of function was worst among the three groups. CONCLUSION: The good show and function was obtained to recovery of deep burn in function regions with large sheet of split-thickness auto-skin grafting and the preservation of denatured dermis during eschar shaving.

The authors reported a case of overwhelming pneumococcal infection in a hypo-splenic adult.The patient was treated with ten million units of aqueous penicilling G.but there was no effect.He died 28 hours after admission.Streptococcus pneumo-niae was isolated from the blood culture.Autopsy was performed 6 hours after death. The spleen was found to be atropluc and the weight was 100g. Bilateral adrenal hemorrhagic necrosis was found. Microscopic examination demonstrated evidence of p-urulent pneumonia, meningitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome.The pathogenetic mechanism,early detection and prevention a-re discussed