Objective:To study the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and the changes of atrial fibrosis in patients with rheumatic heart disease(RHD) and atrial fibrillation(AF) treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI).Methods:Atrial tissues were obtained from the right appendage during open surgery in 35 patients with RHD.The mRNA of ACE and ERK2 were semi-qualified by reverse transcription-ploymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and normalized to the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Western blotting analysis was employed to examine the expressions of ACE and phosphorylated ERK(pERK).Atrial collagen volume fraction(CVF) was detected by Masson's stain.Results:The mRNA of ACE and ERK2 or the protein of ACE and pERK were significantly increased,and CVF was significantly increased in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation(CAF) compared with sinus rhythm group(SR)( P 0.05).Conclusion:The expressions of ACE,ERK2 and pERK increase,and fibrosis is more severe in RHD patients with CAF as compared with those with SR.Compared with CAF patients treated without ACEI,the expressions of ERK2 and pERK significantly decrease( P 0.05)in CAF patients treated with ACEI.This suggests that the increasing expression of ERK2 and pERK resulting from local renal angiotensin-converting enzyme system activation mediates the development of atrial fibrosis,and ACEI may contribute to lesser atrial fibrosis in RHD patients with AF.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder characterized by abnormally elevated blood pressure of the pulmonary circulation. PH progresses rapidly to right ventricular (RV) failure and even death without treatment. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is an accurate and reproducible tool for the assessment of RV morphology and function, which plays an important role in the prognosis of patients with PH. The aim of this study is to review the clinical application and research progress of CMR in evaluation of PH.

According to the sera aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4), neuromyelitis optica (NMO) can be classified into two types as AQP4 antibody positive (AQP4+) and negative (AQP4-). However, the NMO patients with AQP4- are prone to delayed treatment, and may have a different pathogenesis compared to that in patients with AQP4+. Scientific researches and the clinical trials on NMO with AQP4- will deepen the understanding of NMO pathogenesis and help to make an early accurate diagnosis and rational therapy for NMO with AQP4-. This review aims to summarize the progress in clinic diagnosis for NMO patients with AQP4-.

The acupuncture medical literature during the Republic of China is divided into four categories, including theoretical literature, acupuncture channels and acupoints drawing literature, translations, and teaching materials and medical cases. It is found that the theoretical literature focuses on inheriting the traditional theories as well as combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The drawings are becoming more and more precise, and in these drawing works anatomy begins to appear at that time. Translations are the achievements of communication between TCM and Western medicine, which promote the scientization of acupuncture greatly. Teaching materials are also influenced by Western medicine, presenting a rough frame of modern acupuncture disciplinary system. As important clinic data, medical cases have great clinical value. Overall, acupuncture medical literature during the Republic of China is widely published, which is influenced greatly by the Western medicine and presents a significant tendency of scientization.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Books ; history ; China ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Translations

Objective To explore the application value of serum retinol binding protein(RBP) ,coagulation four indexes and platelet indexes in the auxiliary diagnosis of severe liver disease diagnosis .Methods A total of 110 outpatients and inpatients with severe liver disease in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 ,including 43 cases of acute chronic severe hepatitis(group A) ,36 cases of liver cirrhosis(group B) ,and 31 cases of liver cancer patients(group C)] ,38 cases of patients with non severe liver disease and 40 individuals undergoing the healthy physical examination person healthy were selected as the research subjects .RBP , coagulation four indexes[plasma prothrombin time(PT) ,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) ,thrombin time(TT) and fi‐brin original quantitative(Fib)] and platelet indexes[platelet count(PLT) ,mean platelet volume(MPV) and platelet distribution width(PDW)] were detected in all the research subjects .Results The levels of RBP ,Fib and PLT in the group A ,B and C of se‐vere liver disease were lower than those in the control group and the non‐severe liver disease ,while the levels of PT ,APTT ,TT , MPV and PDW were significantly higher than those in the control group and the non‐severe liver disease group ,differences were statistically significant(P<0 .05 or P<0 .01) .The levels of RBP ,Fib and PLT in the non‐severe liver disease group were lower than those in the control group ,while the levels of PT ,APTT ,TT ,MPV were higher than those in the control group ,but the differ‐ences were not statistically significant(P>0 .05) .Conclusion RBP ,coagulation four indexes and platelet indexes are the important detection indicators in the auxiliary diagnosis of severe liver disease ,therefore clinic should strengthen the above indexes detections in the patients w ith severe liver disease .

Objective To observe the clinical effects of surgical treatment of retinal detachment(RD) caused by macular hole(MH) in high myopia. Methods The clinical materials of 149 eyes of 149 high myopia patients with RD caused by MH were reviewed. The cases were divided into complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) group and incomplete PVD group. The anatomic successful rate of operative treatment was evaluated according to the applications of vitrectomy surgery and non vitrectomy surgery respectively in each group. The visual acuity changes after the operations were also observed. Results The anatomic successful rates were as follow: 77.9% in total cases with vitrectomy surgery and 25.9% with non vitrectomy surgery ( P 0.05). Conclusions The scleral buckling combined with vitrectomy, gas intraocular tamponade and postoperative photocoagulation is an effective and optimal procedure for RD caused by MH in high myopia.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common tumors in Western countries, but its incidence in China is rising annually. Up to now, there is no effective therapy for those late stage, recurrent or hormone resistant patients. Gene therapy is the focus of study of prostate cancer in recent years both domestically and abroad. As a brand new therapeutic method,the pre clinical experimental researches have shown an encouraging future. This article reviews the major strategies and research progress in the field of gene therapy of prostate cancer.

From the LAS-polluted soil were isolated 12 strains of LAS-degrading fungi. They belong to Penicillium, Aspergillus, Scopulariopsis and Cephalosporium. Conditions for the induced formation of LAS-degrading enzymes and their characters of degradative reaction were studied. The LAS-degraded products by fungi and bacteria were analysed and compared.

The dose-response reaction of NE, ACh, CaCl2 & KC1 was observed in isolated toad hearts. When the above substances in different concentrations were employed, or the hearts were affected by difference blockers, a biphasic action could be observed. The positive inotropic effect of the substance was inhibited with the presentation of negative inotropic eff ect ,if ? &(or) ? receptor were blocked. The negative inotropic effect of the substance changed into positive, when M1, M2 receptor &(or) Cl- channel were blocked.

After reading and analyzing Shi Re Bing Pian,Xue Shengbai's methods of dampness-eliminating in damp-heat diseases,such as ventilating dampness,resolving dampness,drying dampness and removing dampness,were discovered.The way he establishing therapeutic methods has great instructional meaning in clinical treatment of traditional Chinese medicine.