To study the dynamic relationship of total health expenditure and economic growth so as to provide references for designing health economic policies. Methods: Using the regression models with multiple structural changes to estimate the structural change point of model parameter. Results: Compared to the elastic coefficient of economic growth, the total health expenditure and social health expenditure remained stably, the elasticity coefficient of government spending on health increased after decreased while elastic coefficient of personal spending health costs decreased after increased. Conclusion:In the early years of 1990s, the responsibility of government in health care financing funding weakened, which led to the increasing personal expenses. The situation began to reverse since 2004.

As is well known, MicroRNA is one of the keys of regulating cell differentiation and metabolism, even body growth and development.In these few years, great progresses of MicroRNA have been made in lung development and the progressive mechanism of lung disease as well as the diagnosis and treat of lung disease such as lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.This review summarizes the latest progresses in the domain of MicroRNA about lung disease.

In recent years, many studies have claimed that the intrauterine infection is one of the most common causes of cerebral palsy. Cerebral palsy is associated with the brain injury directly or indirectly. With the direct mechanisms including breakdown of infected nerve cells of the mouse by intrauterine infection,hydrocephalus, dilation of the cerebral ventricles and ependymitis being illuminated uninterruptedly, researches of the indirect mechanism in cerebral palsy caused by intrauterine infection become the hot issue in the domain.Besides the inflammation mediators theory and down-regulated expression of development of the nervous system related factors, there were still several important elements which can cause brain damage such as placental excretive hormone imbalance, change of activity of Notch signaling and gene mutation/deletion and so on.Mechanisms and the interaction between them built up network effect.

Objective:To investigate the expression of E2F3 mRNA in bladder urothelial carcinoma and normal bladder urothelial tussue to explore its relationship with the genesis and progression of bladder urothelial carcinoma.Methods:The expression of E2F3 mRNA in 34 cases of bladder urothelial carcinoma and 19 cases of normal bladder urothelial tussue was examined by RT-PCR.Result:The positivity rates of E2F3 mRNA in bladder urothelial carcinomas and normal bladder urothelial tussues were 47.1%(16/34) and 0%(0/19) respectively.The expression level of E2F3 mRNA in bladder urothelial carcinomas was significantly higher than that in normal bladder urothelial tussues(P

Objective:To investigate the relationship between TGF-?1 and the contents of IL-6 and IL-8 in peripheral blood after the penetrating keratoplasty in rat.Methods:Rat model of penetrating keratoplasty was established.ELISA assay was used to detect the contents of IL-6 and IL-8 in the peripheral blood at the first week,second week,third week,and fourth week postoperatively.Results:Compare with the control groups and self groups,the expression level of IL-6 and IL-8 in all experimental groups markedly decreased at different periods postoperatively(P

Objective To investigate leukotriene B4 secretion from DC and expression of its receptor,BLT(LTB1,LTB2).Methods Bone marrow(BM)-derived DC from healthy Balb/c mice were incubated with rmGS-CSF and rmIL-4,and then stimulated with LPS.Light microscopy and flow cytometry were used to identify DC,ELISA and RT-PCR methods were used to detect LTB4 secretion in culture supernatant and mRNA expression of BLT(BLT1,BLT2) in immaturation and mature DC,respectively.Results LTB4 concentration was(10.667?(2.394)ng/L)、(7.089?(1.810) ng/L)、(3.222?(0.995)ng/L) and(14.217?(3.396)ng/L) in 2,4 and(6 d)(immaturation) and(8 d) (maturation) respectively.LTB4 level decreased progressively during DC differentiation.LTB4 level in mature DC was higher than that in immature DC(P

[Objective]Combing the application of ginseng in the past physicians to make readers understand the efficacy of ginseng,and to be flexible in order to better serve human health.[Methods]Through consulting the ancient books of materia medica,the understanding of the ancient physicians and the application of hanren formulae were summarized and analyzed.[Results]Although the ancient physicians of the past believed that ginseng was subject to tonify five organs,quiet spirt,set soul,stop fright,remove pathogen,in addition to bright eye,happy,educational. long taking makes people fit and live longer,but with the development of the times,the Han dynasty in to nifying Qi torelieve thirst,tonify Qi for deficiency,the Tang dynasty in tonifying heart Qi,benefiting heart spirit,the Song dynasty in complement,benefiting Qi,the Ming dynasty in benefiting qi,Qing dynasty in tonifying Qi and Yin,modern in emergency first aid application.[Conclusion]Through the analysis of the application of ginseng in past dynasties,the complement ginseng can be more widely used in clinic,and better serve human health.

By searching relevant data from the PubMed database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database and Wanfang database, a comprehensive analysis and review regarding acupuncture for cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in recent 10 years were performed. The results showed that acupuncture could inhibit the inflammatory reaction, reduce oxidative stress injury, restrain brain edema formation, inhibit apoptosis, promote neural and vascular regeneration, etc. Acupuncture methods used included electroacupuncture, scalp acupuncture, eye acupuncture and "consciousness-restoring resuscitation needling", etc. The existing problem was that the intervention action of acupuncture was mainly focused on inhibiting inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress injury, and the study on apoptosis and neural and vascular regeneration was needed. It is suggested that from the aspect of multiple target points, the intervention mechanism of acupuncture for CIRI should be systemically studied in the future, which could provide new idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brain Ischemia ; history ; surgery ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Oxidative Stress ; PubMed ; Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; history ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To study the treatment effects of capecitabine and docetaxel on anthracyclines resistant breast cancer,so as to provide the evidence for the effective treatment of the disease.Methods 1 00 patients with anthracyclines resistant breast cancer were treated in our hospital from January 201 3 to January 201 5,and they were considered as research subjects in this study.The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Capecitabine and docetaxel were used for treatment in the treatment group (n =51 ),and there were 49 cases treated with docetaxel in the control group.The indexes were observed including KPS score,the rate of survive to 1 year,TTP and MST.The treatment effects and safety were also compared in these two groups.Results (1 )Before treatment,KPS scores in the treatment group and the control group were (83.6 ±1 .6)points and (83.4 ±1 .7)points respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant (t =0.606,P >0.05).After treatment,the KPS scores were (89.5 ±1 .2)points and (86.4 ±1 .6)points,which of the treatment group was significantly higher than the control group (t =1 0.989,P <0.05).(2)After treatment,1 year survival rate,TTP and MST in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group[1 years survival rate:62.74% vs.40.82%,χ2 =4.815,P <0.05;TTP:(8.5 ±1 .1 )months vs.(6.3 ±1 .2)months,t =9.563,P <0.05;MST:(1 5.6 ±1 .2)months vs.(1 5.6 ±1 .2)months,t =1 0.871 ,P <0.05].(3)The treatment efficiency and the clinical benefit rate in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (the treatment efficiency:90.1 9% vs.63.27%,χ2 =1 0.234,P <0.05;clinical benefit rate:94.1 2% vs.73.47%,χ2 =6.466,P <0.05).(4)However,there was no difference about the ratio of adverse reaction between the two groups (bone marrow suppression:1 3.73% vs.1 2.24%,χ2 =0.048,P >0.05;nausea and vomiting:1 1 .76% vs.1 4.29%,χ2 =0.1 04,P >0.05;constipation:1 9.61 % vs.1 8.37%,χ2 =0.025,P >0.05;alopecia:21 .57% vs.20.41 %,χ2 =0.020,P >0.05;indigestion:25.49% vs.22.45%,χ2 =0.1 27,P >0.05;joint pain:1 5.67% vs.20.41 %,χ2 =0.378,P >0.05 ).Conclusion Capecitabine and docetaxel are used in the treatment of anthracyclines resistant breast cancer,and it can delay the patients'condition and improve the survival time.Besides,it is also safe and effective.Therefore,this method is worth to promote and use in clinic.

Objective To explore a scientific and forward-looking medical materials classification and coding strategy by studying the medical materials classification and coding of extracorporeal circulation and blood purification.Methods From the clinical practice and based on the national standard and the industry standard,the classification coding framework was built through expert consultation and the research of literature and regulation.Results A set of medical devices coding system was proposed determining identifier position,type,name,material,specification and etc,which involved in 7 layers and 14 digits of codes.Each layer was represented by 2 bits of digital Arabia.The coding system fulfilled the requirements for medical facility internal management and centralized purchase bidding.Conclusion The classification and coding system for extracorporeal circulation and blood purification consumables eliminates the deficiencies in naming,promotes consumables information system and lays a foundation for consumables precision management and bidding.