Maxillary first molar with twin-root canal in palatal side is rare. This article described two cases of maxillary first molar with twin-root canal. A properly designed and prepared access of the cavity is helpful for the diagnosis and negotiation of the root canal morphology.
Dental Pulp Cavity ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Root Canal Therapy

With the wide application of digital technique in dental clinic,the virtual articulator has become an important tool of CAD/CAM systems for dental labs.The presented article introduces the classification,advantages and setting parameters of the virtual articulator.The authors also comment on the current commercial products of the virtual articulators in the domestic market.

We have made a cheap microsystem of capillary electrophoresis with a new method, integrating the electrodes, injection channel, separation channel, buffer reservoirs and detection cell on a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) chip. Using an integrated micro carbon fiber disk electrode as the working electrode in three electrodes system, 1 × 10-4 mol/L dopamine (DA) could be detected with end-column amperometric detection. The reproducibility was good. Peak current was 6.73 nA、theoretical plate numher was 71300/m and height equivalent of one theoretical plate height was 14.0 μm for 1 × 10-4 mol/L DA. The limit of detection was 3.6× 10-8mol/L and the linear range was extended from 5 × 10-7 mol/L to 1 × 10-4 mol/L for DA. 1 × 10-4 mol/L catechol (CA) and 5× 10- 5 mol/L DA were also separated completely with R. = 10.1.

The real-time dynamic display of physiological parameters curve is a key element to observing users' various physiological information directly in telemedicine system. The real-time dynamic display of B/S waveform is realized with ActiveX, DelphiActiveForm and network data communication based on Sockets.

BACKGROUND: Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) repair the function of injured spine cord. Whether their combination can have better repair effect is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of OEC and BMSC transplantation for treating injured spine cord.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized control animal experiment was performed at the Linyi People’ s Hospital and Kunming Medical College from June 2006 to October 2007. MATERIALS: Healthy clean adult female Sprague Dawley rats with the body mass of 220-280 g were enrolled and divided into a normal control group (n=5), a OEC group (n=10), a BMSC group (n=10), a co-transplantation group (n=10) and a operation control group (n=10). METHODS: OECs and BMSCs were harvested from the olfactory bulb and femoral bone. Animal models of complete spinal cord injury were established by cutting rat spinal cord. Rats in the normal control group only received vertebral plate unfolding, but no spinal cord transaction. Rats in the OEC group, BMSC group and co-transplantation group were respectively injected with OECs, BMSCs and their combination at the broken ends and proximal and distal ends. Using three points injection, the injection depth was separately 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm. Rats in the operation control group only received medium following spinal cord transaction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: OECs and MSCs were co-cultured after being digested. Cells were identified by P75 and BrdU immunofluorenscence. Spinal cord functional recovery was assessed, and pathological changes and cell survival were observed after transplantation. RESULTS: One proportion of co-cultured cells wove into net with their processes linking. The other proportion grew like strip-shaped. OECs were identified on the cell membrane (green fluorescence) and on the cell core (red fluorescence), whereas BMSCs were identified on the cell core (red fluorescence) without cell membrane (green fluorescence). Spinal cord function was improved in rats treated with OECs and BMSCs. Four weeks later, the spinal cord function was better in the co-transplantation group compared to the OEC and BMSC groups. Pathology observation showed that spinal cord structure was severely destroyed in the operation control group, showing a mass of cavitates and pericaryon atrophy, surrounded by many cavitates and tissue fluids; cell number became small; nerve fibers arranged disordered. Following OEC and BMSC transplantation, spinal cord structure was still severely damaged, but cavitas area was small, with many cells; nerve cells arranged orderly. Under a fluorescent microscope, many cell nuclei stained red at the injured spinal cord, and many positive cells were seen at the proximal and distal ends of the injured spinal cord. OECs and BMSCs were both found in the co-transplantation group, but cells were disordered, no significant arrangement or significant movement. CONCLUSION: OECs and BMSCs are co-cultured well in vitro for repairing spinal cord injury. Their combination obtains a better outcome compared to OECs or BMSCs alone.

Objective: To examine the relationship between self-inconsistency, alexithymia and Obsessions-Compulsions in neurotic patients and normal control.Methods: 59 patients and 54 control completed The Vancouver Obsessional Compulsive Inventory (VOCI), Self Consistency and Congruence Scale (SCCS), Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-26), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Results: 1) The difference of VOCI total score among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety/depression (A/D), and control was significant(111.2?36.0、57.0?33.0、39.4?22.5,F=35.46,P

The current situation of education in biomedical engineering in China is introduced.The necessity of training innovative talents is analyzed.The exploration and practice in talents training are introduced including personnel training modes,construction of experiment base,reform of teaching methods and material,training of teachers,participation of scientific research,etc.

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin on the proliferation,cell cycle distribution and gene expression of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.Methods MCF-7 cells were treated with 10,20,40,80 ?mol/L curcumin for 24,48 or 72 h.MTT was used to assay the biologic activities of curcumin and its antiproliferative effect.FCM was used to detect cell cycle distribution and apoptosis.The expression levels of bcl-2,bax,PCNA mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR.Results The curcumin IC_(50)value for MCF-7 cells was(18.5 ?mol/L.) The inhibitory effect of curcumin on cell growth was in a time-and dose-dependent manner.MCF-7 cells treated with 20 ?mol/L or(40 ?mol/L) curcumin for 24 h were arrested in G_0/G_1 phase and induced apoptosis.The expression levels of bcl-2,PCNA mRNA were decreased in MCF-7 cells by 10,20 and 40 ?mol/L curcumin treatment for 24 h,and bax mRNA was increased.Conclusion Curcumin is of inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cell growth,and it can arrest MCF-7 cells in G_0/G_1 phase,inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis.Curcumin down-regulates bcl-2,PCNA mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells,but upregulates bax mRNA expression.

[Objective]To analyze the correlation between disk degeneration and development of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults.[Method]Totally 156 patients who had spoondvlolvsis and spondylolisthesis were follow-up.There were 86 males and 70 females.All patients were made radiographs for lumbar discomfort or low back pain.Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis were discovered.According to Meyerding slip degree;68 cases were spondylolysis,88 cases were spondylolisthesis in degree Ⅰ.All patients were under conservative treatment and observed the development of the disease.According to Boxall defined the development of spondylolisthesis.There were 40 patients with development of spondylolisthesis and aggravation of dies degeneration.24 males,16 females.[Result]All the patients were followed-up for 3~9 years,with an average of 6.3 years.Lumbar vertebra slippage increased about 11%~30%(average 18.5%),the height of intervertebral disk decreased about 45%~90%(average 72%)in the level of spondylolysis.x2 test was used for statistical treatment,There was a significant positive correlation between development of isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults and aggravation of disk degeneration.[Conclusion]There are development in adults of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis,may be correlated to the disc degeneration.