There were 89 patients, no death in an outbreak of cholera in Dong Thap province, which happened on January 1st 1999 and lasted for 2 months. The morbidity was 5,61/100.000 inhabitants with all ages; the disease occurred at districts, towns along the Cuu Long river. Local authorities had conducted measures for cholera prevention and control.
Cholera ; Disease Outbreaks

Morbidity and mortality of typhoid fever in Dong Thap province had reduced gradually in the last 10 years. The number of typhoid fever between 1999 and 2003 was equal to a third cases occurred between 1994 and 1998. There had been 29 of dead cases resulting from typhoid fever for ten years. The highest number of dead cases in 1995 was 6. The death to incidence ratio was 0.076%
epidemiology ; Typhoid Fever ; Fever

Studying on typhoid fever in 16417 people of Binh Thanh Trung commune and 16324 ones of Vinh Thanh commune (control commune) after 2 years with the intervention. The results showed that drinking water sterilized by chloramin B increased by 295.58%, drinking boiling water increased by 10.06%; drinking rainny water increased by 464.30%; vegetable washing by safety water increased by 2886.61%, good sanitary latrine increased by 292.30%, close fish pond latrine increased by 46.91%, sinking latrine increased by 195.995%, fish pond latrine open to river reduced by 17.68%, latrine on the river reduced by 29.24%. Typhoid fever reduced by 92% in comparison to before interventrion. Real effect in comparison to control commune was 5.04%
Typhoid Fever ; Therapeutics ; Epidemiology

Background: Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome is an autoimmune disorder with two remarkable symptoms such as dry eyes and dry mouth. Objective: To study the symptoms of dry mouth of Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome after rheumatoid arthritis; To evaluate clinical and subclinical manifestations of dry mouth. Subjects and method: A prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study included 160 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, who treated at Department of Rheumatology of Bach Mai hospital, from 1998 to 2003. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 60 patients with Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome and 100 patients without Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome. Results: The average age of patients with Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome was 54.55 \xb1 10.91 years. The mean time of having dry mouth was 8.65 \xb1 8.39 months. Clinical manifestations of dry mouth were sensation of dry mouth (90%), lost of saliva (80%), drink a lot of water while eating (58.3%), enlargement of parotid glands (15%). Degrees of dry mouth were mild and moderate (36.7%), severe (53.3%). 93.3% of patients decreased total salivary flow.82% of patients had 3 and 4 anatomopathologic stages according to Chilsom classification. Conclusion: Incidence of symptoms of dry mouth was higher significantly in the rheumatoid arthritis patients with Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome than those without Gougerot-Sj\xf6gren syndrome.
Arthritis ; Rheumatoid/ pathology ; diagnosis ; Sjogren's Syndrome/ pathology ; diagnosis ; Xerostomia/ pathology ; diagnosis

Background: Tophi is an important symptom of chronic gout. Objective: To assess clinical characteristics of topbi and its relationships with other manifestations of chronic gout. Subjects and method: A study was conducted in 65 patients diagnosed chronic gout based on Bennett and Wood criteria 1968, with tophi, treated at Department of Rheumatology, Bach Mai hospital, from December 2003 to June 2004. This was a retrospective, prospective, cross-sectional study. Results and conclusions: All patients were males and the average age was 57.8 \xb1 11.71 years. 72.3% of patients aged from 30 to 59 years. The average time of occurrence of tophi in chronic gout was 7.73 years. The mean number of tophi was 24.8 \xb1 9.4 (ranged from 1 to 70). Erosion of tophi occurred 25%. 92.9% of patients had distribution in inferiors limbs and 80.4% had superior limbs. There were relationships between number of tophi and renal lesions, distribution of tophi and number of painful joints.
Gout/ pathology ; therapy

A study aimed at identifying the common microbe and their changes and sensitivities to antibiotics. The antibiogram was implemented in 91 burned patients (male: 70) with average ages 0f 31, average burn area of 24.9% in the national institute of burn. The study found that the rate of patients had P. aeruginosa, enterobacter and S. aureus in burned region was 28%, 16% and 15,4%, respectively. The microbial sensitivity was highest within 7-10 days of burn. The rate of resistance to common antibiotics of these microbial was high. These microbial had sensitivity to cephalosporin class III, Amikacin and Nofloxacin.
burns ; Infection ; Calcium Hydroxide

Maduxin ointment is extracted from the leaves and seeds of the Madhuca pasquieri H.J. Lam, Sapotaceae family and has been applied in burn treatment in Vietnam since 1987. We studied the effects of Maduxin at slaked lime burn wounds - a frequent type of burn in Viet nam - in comparison with effect of silversulfadiazine in burn treatment. Our study was carried out on 94 slaked lime burn patients who were treated at the Viet nam National Institute of Burn from Nov. 1994 to Oct. 1997. The results showed that Maduxin ointment transferred wet eschar to dry eschar, shortened the treatment of III- leveled burn to 17,8 days from 19,5 days in the control group. After 2 weeks of treatment, Maduxin limited the appearance of P.aeruginosa and S. aureus, reduced the number of microbacteria in the surface of the wounds to the similar number of that in the control group. The number of fibrocytes, fibroblasts in the burn wounds treated with Maduxin ointment increased significantly after 14 days and the mucopolysaccharide was created after 7- 15 days at a higher level than that in the control group.
ointments ; burns

Maduxin ointment is extracted from leaves and seeds of the Madhuca pasquieri H. J. Lam, Sapotaceae family and has been applied in burn treatment in Vietnam since 1987. We studied the effects of Maduxin at slaked lime burn wounds - a frequent type of burn in Vietnam - in comparison with the effect of sliversulfadiazin in burn treatment. Our study was carried out on 91 slaked lime burn patients who were treated at the Vietnam National Institute of Burn from November 1994 to October 1997. The results showed that Maduxin ointment transferred wet eschar to dry eschar shortened the treatment of III - level burn to 17.8 days from 19.50days in the control group. After 2 weeks of treatment, Maduxin limited the appearance of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, reduced the number of microbacteria in the surface of the wounds to the similar number of that in the control group. The number of fibrocytes, fibroblastes in the burn wounds treated with Maduxin ointment increased significantly after 14 days and the mucopolysaccharide was created after 7-15 days at a higher level than that in the control group.
burns ; therapeutics

A study on 103 patients with burn due to hot slake lime, ages of 16-65 in the national institute of burn during 1994-1997 has shown that calcium hydroxide can permeat deeply in to the burn region (calcium concentration in burn fluid and burn tissues). Burn occurred frequently in the lower limbs with complex of deep and surface burn, severe edema and wetting necrosis. P. aeruginosa was main cause of septicemia. The clinical progress of patients with burn area of 40% and deep burn area of 6% were typically.
burns ; diagnosis

Background: Deltoid fibrosis is caused by congenital disorder or complication of intramuscular injection or trauma, and can affect aesthetics and functions of shoulders. Objectives: To remark on the risk factors and pathology of deltoid fibrosis, and to evaluate the results of surgical procedure. Subjects and method: This clinical study involved 156 patients with 281 shoulder joints were surgically treated at National Hospital of Pediatrics from August 1994 to June 2005. All patients were physical and radiological examinations, and surgically treated by 1 of 4 techniques. Postoperative outcomes were evaluated. Results and Conclusion: Of 156 patients, there were 72 male and 84 female children, 62.8% in age group of 11-15 years old, and 29.5% over 15 years old. Severity of deltoid fibrosis was: severe in 95.4% of shoulder joints, moderate: 4.6%, and mild: 0%. 12.2% patients experienced deltoid fibrosis in combination with fibrosis of another muscles. The postoperative outcomes included; good: 92.5% of shoulder joints, moderate: 2.9% and bad: 4.6%. Type IV technique give best results (99%).
Deltoid Muscle/ surgery ; Child ;