Avulsion fractures of the tibial tuberosity are uncommon and they usually occur in adolescents during sports activities. Ogden et al modified Watson-Jones classification into three types. To our knowledge, only two cases of tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures combined with meniscal tear were reported. We report an Ogden-type III intra-articular fracture of the tibial tuberosity combined with tear of the medial meniscus.
Adolescent ; Classification ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Menisci, Tibial ; Sports

No abstract available.
Neck* ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal*

The safety of simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains controversial. The objective of the current study was to investigate perioperative morbidity and mortality rates within 30 days of simultaneous bilateral TKA. A detailed analysis of medical, surgical and anaesthesia records of 183 consecutive patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty between 2002 and 2006 was performed. The mean age of the patients was 67.6 years old. More than 80% had one or more co-morbidities, but none of them had ASA score greater than class 2. The mean hospital stay was 10 days, and the mean surgical time 156 minutes. Less than half of the patients (42.6%) required blood transfusion. The rate of perimorbidity was 15.3 % and there was no mortality in this series. We believe that simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty is a safe and cost effective option for our patients, provided that patients are selected and informed appropriately.

Obesity is connected with numerous diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, and nervous system dysfunctions. Obesity is affected by genetic, environmental, and cultural factors. However, numerous studies indicate that several pathogens might cause obesity. This review discusses recent data and the characteristics of pathogens that are implicated in obesity. In particular, human adenovirus 36 (Ad36) is the most clearly implicated virus in human obesity. It was recently shown that obese groups from the USA, Korea, and Italy have a higher prevalence of serum antibodies against Ad36. The mechanisms of Ad36-induced obesity remain unclear. However, glucose uptake and inflammation are possible mechanisms of Ad36-induced obesity. Overall, this new understanding of causes of obesity has developed into the concept of 'infectobesity' and the possibility of developing a 'vaccine' or 'therapeutic agents' for obesity.
Adenoviruses, Human ; Antibodies ; Atherosclerosis ; Glucose ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Italy ; Korea ; Nervous System ; Obesity ; Prevalence ; Viruses

Chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes are major causes of death and disability throughout the world. Many causes are known to trigger these chronic diseases, and infectious agents such as viruses are also pathological factors. In particular, it is considered that adenovirus 36 infections may be associated with obesity. If this is the case, a vaccine against adenovirus 36 may be a form of prophylaxis to combat obesity. Other types of therapeutic vaccines to combat obesity are also being developed. Recently, hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1, ghrelin, and peptide YY have been studied as treatments to prevent obesity. This review describes the ongoing development of therapeutic vaccines to treat obesity, and the possibility of using inactivated adenovirus 36 as a vaccine and an anti-obesity agent.
Adenoviridae ; Cause of Death ; Chronic Disease ; Ghrelin ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; Obesity* ; Peptide YY ; Vaccines*

Many authors reported the etiology of hypoplasia of the nasomaxillary complex as trauma, infection, underdevelopment. To correct these deformities, Le Fort II Osteotomy and its modification has been popularly applied. This method enabled total advancement of nasomaxillary complexes and acquirememt of midfacial esthetics. But it has some limitations such as various occlusal deviation or lateral shifting of nasomaxillary complex in case of nasomaxillary retrusion. We grouped these patients as follows : 1. Nasomaxillary retrusion without shifting of nasomaxillary complex (1) Anteroposterior deviation of occlusal plane (2) Lateral deviation of occlusal plane(including canting) (3) Supero-inferior deviation of occlusal plane (4) Combined disturbance of occlusal plane without shifting of nasamaxillary complex 2. Lateral shifting of nasomaxillary complex with or without deviation of occlusal plane We performed Le Fort II and I combined osteotomy on eleven cases of midfacial deformity from June 1994 to July 1997 and in most of the cases, followed up maximum 36 months and could acquire positional stability and improvement of facial eathetics.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Dental Occlusion ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Osteotomy*

As noe of causes of epipora, anatomic abnormality of nasolacrimal duct, has been treated with dacryocystorhinostomy. Recently, the development of nasal endoscopy has made it easy to observe the intranasal sturcture. Thus, authors investigated the effect of nasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy used in combination with microdrill and nasal endoscopy in those patients, with nasolcrimal obsturction at the time of dacryocystorhinography. From 1995 to April 1997, twenty-four patients have been treated by the intranasal dacryocystorhinostomy using the microdrill with follow up more than six months. All patients had been tested by preoperative intranasal exam and was measured radiologically preoperative`s size of lacrimal sac. The nasal endoscopy using microdrill had shown success rate of 83.3 percent and the surgerywas more successful as the size of preoperative lacrimal sac was larer without any complication. The formation of accurate bone foramen did not remarkably differ from the skin incisio at the time of operation. Therefore, dacryocystorhinostomy using microdrill can be useful for the treatment of lacrimal canal obstruction, especially with the proper operating equipment.
Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Endoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; Skin

The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy and usefulness of three-dimensional CT, two-dimensional CT in case of blow-out fracture. Two-dimensional CT, three-dimensional CT images of twenty-four blow-out fracture and soft tissue incarceration. Two dimensional CT was superior to three-dimensional CT in evaluating orbital bone fracture and soft tissue incarceration. But, three-dimensional CT was more useful to identify of orbital bone fracture than two-dimensional CT in associated facial bone fracture. Coexamination with two-dimensional axial & three-dimensonal CT was useful not only in the detection of fracture but in the evaluation of soft tissue incarcerated blow-out fracture.
Facial Bones ; Fractures, Bone ; Orbit ; Orbital Fractures*

BACKGROUND: Skin biopsy is an effective diagnostic tool commonly used in dermatology practice. Clinicopathologic correlation is important for diagnostic accuracy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of skin biopsy specimens, and compare the pathologic diagnosis with the final dermatologic diagnosis. METHODS: This study included 4,018 skin biopsy specimens taken during a period of 10 years from June 1995 to May 2005 at the Department of Dermatology, Korea University Anam Hospital. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Of all biopsy specimens, 61.49% were diagnosed as tumors, and 38.51% were diagnosed as non-tumors. For the tumors, 87.15% were benign, 4.23% were premalignant and 8.62% were malignant. The rate of concordance between pathologic diagnosis and final dermatologic diagnosis was 76.69%, and the rate of discordance between them was 4.18%. The rate of description without a pathologic diagnosis in pathologic reports was 18.94%. The rate of concordance was higher in tumors (89.65%) than in non-tumors (56.00%), and the rate of description in pathologic reports was higher in non-tumors (39.08%) than in tumors (6.32%). There was no significant difference in the rates of discordance between tumors and non-tumors. The rate of concordance was higher in malignant tumors (95.72%) than in benign tumors (89.77%) or premalignant tumors (74.76%). The rate of description in pathologic reports was higher in premalignant tumors (18.45%) than in benign tumors (6.27%) or malignant tumors (0.95%). There was no significant difference in the rates of discordance between the three groups.
Biopsy ; Dermatology ; Diagnosis* ; Korea ; Skin Diseases* ; Skin* ; Statistics as Topic*