Lipocortin represents a family of similar Ca++ depentent phospholipid-binding proteins capable of blocking the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in vitro. Generally, these proteins are believed to inhibit the release of arachidonic acid from photopholipids and the formation of lipid mediators such as prostaglandin, leukotriene, and platelet activating factor. Lipocortin 1, initially identified as a glucocorticoid- responsive protein in macrophages and neutrophils has been implicated in transmembrane signal transduction during growth factor-mediated cell proliferation and transformation. To define the synthesis and its regulation, we investigated the expression of lipocortin 1 in both the mRNA and protein level in U937 cell line in the presence of several differentiation factors. The results were as follows. 1. The expression of lipocortin 1 and its mRNA was increased during TPA-induced differentiation of U937 cells to maximum of 2-fold and 5-fold respectively. Both the protein and mRNA levels decreased after 48 hours. 2. With the treatment with IFN-gamma, the expression of CD16 was increased. However, the protein and mRNA levels of lipocortin 1 were, not changed significantly. 3. Neither the dexamethasone or hydrocortisone have any effects on the expression of lipocortin 1 in both TPA-differentiated and undifferentiated U937 cells. The results from this study would give a light on defining the functional role of lipocortin 1 in macro-moncycle cell lineage and possibly some informative clues for the pathogenic mechanisms of the inflammatory diseases.
Annexin A1* ; Annexins* ; Arachidonic Acid ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Dexamethasone ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Macrophages ; Neutrophils ; Phospholipases A2 ; Platelet Activating Factor ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; U937 Cells*

Fine needle aspiration cytology of three cases of pulmonary hamartoma is presented. Case 1 was in a 67-year-old man with a 7 cm-sized left lung mass. Case 2 and 3 were in 47 and 53 year old females and consisted of 3 cm and 2 cm-sized right lung nodules, respectively. Fine needle aspiration of the masses revealed several fragments of irregularly shaped mature hyaline cartilage or fibromyxoid mesenchyme and sheets of benign epithelial cells in scanty to acellular background. Also scattered were inflammatory cells including lymphocytes, neutrophils and histiocytes and mature fat cells. These features were diagnostic for pulmonary hamartoma and case 1 was histologically confirmed by following surgical excision of the mass. Differential diagnoses about pulmonary hamartoma in the respect of conditions capable of producing cartilage on fine needle aspiration, were discussed.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hamartoma

No abstract available.
Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood*

BACKGROUND: Microdeletion syndromes not detectable by conventional cytogenetic analysis have been reported to occur in approximately 5% of patients with unexplained mental retardation (MR). Therefore, it is essential to ensure that patients with MR are screened for these microdeletion syndromes. Mental retardation syndrome multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MRS-MLPA) is a new technique for measuring sequence dosages that allows for the detection of copy number changes of several microdeletion syndromes (1p36 deletion syndrome, Williams syndrome, Smith-Magenis syndrome, Miller-Dieker syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome, Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome, Alagille syndrome, Saethre-Chotzen syndrome, and Sotos syndrome) to be processed simultaneously, thus significantly reducing the amount of laboratory work. METHODS: We assessed the performance of MLPA (MRC-Holland, The Netherlands) for the detection of microdeletion syndromes by comparing the results with those generated using FISH assays. MLPA analysis was carried out on 12 patients with microdeletion confirmed by FISH (three DiGeorge syndrome, four Williams syndrome, four Prader-Willi syndrome, and one Miller-Dieker syndrome). RESULTS: The results of MLPA analysis showed a complete concordance with FISH in 12 patients with microdeletion syndromes. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of these results, we conclude that MLPA is an accurate, reliable, and cost-effective alternative to FISH in the screening for microdeletion syndromes.
*Chromosome Deletion ; Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias/genetics ; DiGeorge Syndrome/genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/*methods ; Laboratories, Hospital ; Mental Retardation/*diagnosis/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/*methods ; Prader-Willi Syndrome/genetics ; Williams Syndrome/genetics

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between physical activity and fatigue in patients with cancer. METHODS: The participants of the study were 118 patients who had been diagnosed with cancer at least more than three months before at a university hospital. Physical activity was measured by IPAQ Korean version (2006), and fatigue by the Revised Piper Fatigue Scale. The collected data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Continuous physical activity overall in this study was on average 2,154.03+/-2,845.86 MET, and the overall degree of fatigue of the participants was 4.47+/-1.80. There were significant negative correlations between fatigue and moderate physical activity. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study suggested that moderate physical activity is effective for improving fatigue in cancer patients.
Fatigue ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Piper

No abstract available.
Urticaria*

No abstract available.
Alcoholics* ; Erythrocyte Indices* ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of simulation-based education for delivery nursing performed in Korea and its effects. METHODS: report was prepared by guidelines presented by PRISMA group. The key words used for search were 'delivery nursing and simulation', 'obstetric nursing and simulation', or 'integrated nursing and simulation'. A total of 13 studies published in South Korea from 2012 to 2015 were included in the final analysis. The R with the 'metafor' package was used for the analysis. RESULTS: This study found that simulation-based education for delivery nursing was effective in improving clinical performance, clinical judgement, communication skills, confidence, knowledge, learning attitude, satisfaction, and self-efficacy and in reducing practice stress. CONCLUSION: This study reaffirms the effect of simulation-based education for delivery nursing. In order for nursing students to equip more flexible practice capability in this rapidly changing clinical field, the use of simulation-based learning is considered now almost essential. The result of this study can be used as a reference for evidence-based education for delivery nursing.
Education* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Learning ; Nursing* ; Republic of Korea ; Students, Nursing

BACKGROUND: Improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for infective for infective endocarditis such as proposed diagnostic criteria, Duke criteria and echocardiography resulted to increased life-spans of patients. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of medical records including medical history, laboratory data such as echocardiographic data and blood culture, and clinical outcomes was done for 106 patients with clinical diagnosis of infective endocarditis at Seoul National University Hospital from January 1990 to May 2000. Then we analysed differences of clinical features between elderly patients aged > or =60-years and the adult patients aged <60-years with infective endocarditis. RESULTS: The elderly patients >or=60-year are cases of 14%(15/106) and the mean ages are 67+/-8 years in elderly patient, 38+/-12 years in the adults patients respectively. Valvular heart disease was the most common predisposing heart disease with 9 cases(40%) followed by prosthetic valve endocarditis 2 cases (13%) in elderly patients, and there was no significant difference of frequencies with adult patients (valvular heart diseases, 33%; prosthetic valvular heart diseases, 25%). Although culture positive rates were not different with two groups: 47%(7/15) in elderly patients and 45%(41/91) in adult patients, the most common pathogen was staphylococcal species in elderly patients(27%, 4/15) but streptococcus species, in the adult patients(25%, 26/106, p<0.05). The frequencies of embolic complication were not different between two groups(20%, 3/15 vs 22%, 20/91: Elderly vs adult, respectively), but congestive heart failure was more developed in elderly patients, 33%(5/15) than in adult patients, 10%(9/91, p<0.05). Surgical intervention was more required in the elderly(47%, 7/15) than in adult patients(22%, 20/91, p<0.05). Out of 106 patients, 11 died and the overall mortality was 10.4%(11/106). In-hospital death was more common in the elderly than in adult patients: 4 cases(27%) vs 8%(7/91), p<0.05. Determinants of in-hospital death were patients with 60 years of age and older, Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis, and the presence of congestive heart failure(p<0.05) in univariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Infective endocarditis in elderly patients(age> or =60) had more poor outcomes than adult patients(age<60) such as the development of congestive heart failure, the need of surgical intervention, and the high mortality rate.
Adult ; Aged* ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Streptococcus

The effect of a secretory proteinase from the pathogenic amoebae Acanthamoeba castellanii on hosts defense-oriented or regulatory proteins such as immunoglobulins, interleukin-1, and protease inhibitors was investigated. The enzyme was found to degrade secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), IgG, and IgM. It also degraded interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) and IL-1beta. Its activity was not inhibited by endogenous protease inhibitors, such as alpha2-macroglobulin, alpha1-trypsin inhibitor, and alpha2-antiplasmin. Furthermore, the enzyme rapidly degraded those endogenous protease inhibitors as well. The degradation of hosts defense-oriented or regulatory proteins by the Acanthamoeba proteinase suggested that the enzyme might be an important virulence factor in the pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba infection.
Acanthamoeba/*enzymology/pathogenicity ; Animals ; Endopeptidases/*physiology ; Immunoglobulins/*metabolism ; Interleukin-1/*metabolism ; Protease Inhibitors/*metabolism ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Virulence