The modest pressure promotes the graduate to keep continuous energy and focus on scientific research,but too much pressure will lead to mental problem and serious moral shortcoming.Reformation of scientific evaluating and promoting system,enhancement of scientific interest and reconstruction of mental training system should be the important ways to release the pressure of scientific research of the graduate.

This review addresses the association of "Chinese Journal of Biotechnology" and the development of biotechnology in China in the past 30 years. Topics include relevant awards and industrialization, development of the biotechnology discipline, and well know scientists in biotechnology, as well as perspectives on the journal.
Biotechnology ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Periodicals as Topic ; history

Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; classification ; therapy

Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; rehabilitation ; Humans

Child ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

In recent years, damage control is well established as a potentially life-saving procedure in a few selected critically injured patients. The "damage control" concept also has been shown to increase overall survival and is likely to modify the management of critically ill patients suffering from gastrointestinal disease. In these patients the "lethal triad" of hypothermia, acidosis, and coagulopathy acts as a vicious cycle that often can not be interrupted and marks the limit of the patient's ability to cope with the physiological consequences of traditional and extensive surgical procedures. The principles of damage control are to control bleeding, obstruction, and/or infection until the physiologic derangement has been restored and the patient could undergo a prolonged operation for definitive repair. This approach is unfolded in three phases. During the initial operation, the surgeon carries out only the absolute minimum necessary to improve patient's condition and to control bleeding, obstruction, and/or infection. The second phase consists of secondary resuscitation in the intensive care unit, characterized by maximization of hemodynamics, correction of coagulopathy, rewarming, and complete ventilatory support. During the third phase, definitive operation is performed.
Acidosis ; therapy ; Blood Coagulation Disorders ; therapy ; Critical Care ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; therapy ; Perioperative Care

In addition to the operation technique and procedure selection, the dysfunction of important organs such as heart, lung, kidney and liver plays an important role in restricting the recovery of patients and the prognosis of gastrointestinal surgery. For patients complicated by one or more organs dysfunction after operation, who have no response to conventional therapies, extracorporeal life support/replacement should be used as early as possible. The extracorporeal organ support provides more time for rescue, and relieves injured organs to "rest" and accelerates recovery, which improves the survival of critically ill patients who suffered after gastrointestinal surgery. Nowadays, the safety and efficiency of the extracorporeal life support/replacement, including heart, lung, kidney, liver and intestine, are developing quickly, and easy to achieve, however, limitations still exist. With the development of nanotechnology and bioartificial membranes, an open and total extracorporeal life support system, which can simultaneously supports heart, lung, kidney, liver, intestine and brain, will be produced in the future, further improving the survival of critically ill patients.
Critical Illness ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Humans ; Life Support Care

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; HIV-1 ; Humans

Objective To explore the effect of ipratropium bromide on serum interleukin-13 (IL-13), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in children with asthma.Methods Eighty-six children with asthma in pediatrics department of Hanggang Hospital from January 2014 to June 2014 were selected and divided into two groups according to different therapy, 43 cases in each group.Control group received aminophylline of intravenous drip infusion and salbutamol and ketotifen orally.Experimental group received ipratropium bromide of aerosol inhalation on the basis of control group, twice daily and treated for two courses, 7 days of one course.The clinical efficacy , serum IL-13, TGF-β1, VEGF and lung function post-treatment were compared between two groups.Results The total curative effect of experimental group was 90.69%, which was significantly higher than 72.09% of control group(χ2 =4.91,P<0.05).The serum levels of IL-13, TGF-β1 and VEGF after 3, 7 and 14 days’ treatment in two groups were lower than those pre-treatment(P<0.05).The above indicators of experimental group were lower than those of control group at the same time point(P<0.05).The FEV1 and FEV1/FVC% after 7, 14 days’ treatment in control group and the above indicators after 3, 7, 14 days’ treatment in experimental group were significantly higher than those pre-treatment (P<0.05).The above indicators of experimental group were higher than those of control group at the same time point (P<0.05).Conclusion Ipratropium bromide could affect serum IL-13, TGF-β1 and VEGF levels in children with asthma, improve lung function and clinical curative effect.

Non-classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency(21OHD)is one of the most frequent autosomal recessive hereditary disease.Non-classical 21OHD is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed in patients with hyperandrogenemic symptoms(such as hirsutism,acne),menstrual disorder and infertility because of its moderate symptoms and hormonal abnormalities.However,the long-term healthy risks of non-classical 21OHD,such-as insulin resistance,dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases are clearly elevated.Basal and ACTH-stimulated 17- hydroxyprogesterone levels are quite helpful as a screening approach in diagnosis of non-classical 21OHD. Furthermore,non-classical 21OHD can be effectively treated with low-cost,therefore we should pay great attention to the diagnosis and treatment of non-classical 21OHD.