Background: Maximizing peak bone mass is advocated as a way to prevent osteoporosis. As a prerequisite to the elaboration of any preventive program aimed at rnaximizing peak bone mass, it is important to determine how the rate of skeletal growth at elinically relevant sites, such as lumbar spine(LS), femoral neck(FN), proceeds in relation to age and pubertal stages in both sexes. The present study was performed to measure bone mineral density(BMD) of Korean children and adolescents and to assess the influence of age, sex, puberty and body size on bone mineral density (BMD) during the period of bone growth. Method: Lumbar spine(LS), femoral neck(FN) BMD were measured in 199 healthy males and fernales 7~23 years of age using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry(DEXA), Tanner staging(TS) was used to assess stage of puberty. Results: Anthropometric measurements generally increased with tanner stage in both sexes. Sex differences were observed. In males, compared to females there were significantly higher in height(TS1, TS3, TS4, TS5), weight(TS1, TS3, TS5), dorsal hand skinfold thickness(TS1, TS5), and lean body mass(TS1, TS3, TS4, TS5): while in females, compared to males there were significantly higher in BMI(TS4), skinfold thickness except dorsal hand and fat %(TS3-TS5), and total fat mass(TS3, TS4)(p Adolescent ; Body Size ; Body Weight ; Bone Density ; Bone Development ; Child ; Female ; Hand ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Miners ; Osteoporosis ; Puberty ; Sex Characteristics ; Skinfold Thickness

Vasectomy as a male sterilization has become increasingly popular as one of methods of planned parenthood in many countries including Korea. In this presentation the subject of an overview of male sterilization consists of mainly technical aspects of the ordinary vasectomy and vasovasostomy. the principle of vasectomy is same but some many different technics have been reported and utilized. specific differences are found in technics for immobilizing the vas for making the scrotal incision. for treating the cut ends of vasa, and for removing segments of vas Therefore the author discusses some important factors so as to provide complete protection against the passage of sperm without any failure and to improve the chances of later reversibility according to his experiences of over 7000 vasectomies and 200 vasovasostomis. In the part of ordinary vasectomy procedure, various items such as ideal operative level local anesthesia immobilization of the vas skin incision isolation for the vas treatments of the cut ends of vas prevention of hematoma formation disappearance rate of residual sperm immediate sterility technic complication psychological effects and antibodies following vasectomy are reviewed. In the part of vasovasostomy numerous factors such as operative technics splint various factors for the successful operation overall success rates and low pregnancy rates are discussed and compared with the author's series.
Anesthesia, Local ; Antibodies ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Infertility ; Korea ; Male* ; Pregnancy Rate ; Skin ; Spermatozoa ; Splints ; Sterilization ; Sterilization, Reproductive* ; Vasectomy ; Vasovasostomy

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Korea*

This study was made to investigate the influence of mouth breathing to tongue, mandible and hyoid bone position. It has been clinically suggested that the mouth breathing is induced by the respiratory dysfunction of nasopharyngeal airway causing by the Adenoids. The author used the 50 children, who were the nasal breathes with normal occlusion as the control group, and 50 children, who were mouth breathers with Adenoid as the experimental group. Results were as following: 1. In experimental group, the tongue was positioned more anterior and lower than that of the normal children. 2. In experimental group, the mandible was positioned more lower than that of the normal children. 3. In experimental group, the hyoid bone was positioned more anterior and lower than that of the normal children.
Adenoids* ; Child ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone* ; Mandible* ; Mouth Breathing* ; Mouth* ; Tongue*

During the period of 1964 to 1972, epididymovasoetomies were performed on 53 cases of azoospermias due to epididymal obstruction. They were operated by the technics of the ordinary side-to-side epididymovasostomy with splint, in such a manner that a minute longitudinal opening in the vas was anastomosed to a similar opening in the epididymis at a site where live sperm had been recovered, which was applied on 58 per cent of the subjects, and of the buried side-to-side anastomosis with a splint, wherein longitudinally opened vas ..was actually buried in longitudinally opened head of epididymis, which was attempted on 26 per cent of them. The following data are presented as abstraction of clinical findings and the operation outcomes: l. An average age of the subjects was 35, and that of their wives, 30. 2. An average duration intervening between the beginning of the obstruction and the performance of the operation was 9 years. 3. An average frequency of sexual intercourse per week indicated 2.5 times before the obstruction 2. 2 times after the obstruction, and 2. 1 times after the operation. 4. In the majority of the cases, the post-inflammatory obstructions were found to be the most responsible causes for azoospermia in my present study. That is, non-tuberculous epididymitis (gonorrheal and non-gonorrheal origin) was found in 70 per cent of the subjects and tuberculous origin, 25 per cent of them respectively. 5. Success rate of non-tuberculous epididymitis group is higher than that of tuberculous epididymitis counter part 6. Success rate of the buried technic group is higher than that of the ordinary technic group. 7. Success rate of bilateral oozes with sperm group is higher than that of unilateral oozes with sperm or no oozes group. 8. A total of 53 cases was operated upon for curing the obstructive azooepermias. Poet-operative semen analyses were carried out on 43 cases out of the 53. Sperm appeared in the ejaculates of 17 cases out of the 43 in repeated sperm tests 3 weeks following the operation. Accordingly, successful operations were showed in 40 per cent of the 43 cases. Seven pregnancies(16%) followed the operation. 9. The writer believes that epididymovasostomy could be said to be a worthwhile procedure for the cases of asooapermia due to the obstruction of globus minor with normal spermatogenesis. The prognosis is always good whenever the indications are strictly followed.
Azoospermia ; Coitus ; Epididymis ; Epididymitis ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Semen Analysis ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa ; Splints ; Spouses

No abstract available.
Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

To compare several porcelains made by various manufacturers in shrinkage after firing and investigate the effect of condensation on shrinkage, specimens were prepared and the volume of each body was measured by the phase-shifting profilometry. Baseplate wax was cut by 2.5cmx2cm and cast in nonprecious metal (Verabond, U.S.A.). then any surfaces of specimens were abrased and polished on the SiC abrasing papers, preparing 120 specimens. specimens were divided into six groups according to the porcelain used, and the porcelain used in each group were as follows. Group I : Ceramco dentin porcelain Group II : Creation dentin porcelain Group III : Creation margin porcelain Group IV : Vintage margin porcelain Group V : Vita dentin porcelain Group VI : Vintage dentin porcelain Porcelain was built up on the metal plates using a small spoon and then solution matching to each porcelain was added. The six groups are subdivided into a and b. In subgroup a, only excessive solution was absorbed with tissue and in subgroup b, porcelain was condensed sufficiently. When build-up was completed, the shape was measured using the phase-shifting profilometry. After that, specimens were fired in the furnace programed for each porcelain and then their changed shape were measured again. Using the difference between the two above measurements, the ratio of shrinkage was calculated. Obtained results were as follows ; 1. Regardless of condensation, the volume of fired specimens were not different significantly between the two subgroups a and b in the same group. 2. The ratios of shrinkage were significantly higher in the groups porcelain built-up was condensed than in the groups not condensed. 3. The ratios of shrinkage were in the range of 36.81-27.19% in the groups porcelain built up was condensed and 44.52-37.54% in the other groups not condensed.
Dental Porcelain* ; Dentin ; Fires*

Pneumocephalus is a rare complication of anesthetic procedures involving the epidural space. With the loss of resistance technique using air, air may be injected in through the dural puncture site. Epidural blood patch was performed for the treatment of post-lumbar puncture headache, and 10 minutes after the treatment, 8 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride was injected through epidural catheter. Loss of consciousness and apnea were developed about 8 minutes after injection of local anesthetics. Computerized tomographic brain scan revealed the presence of air within intracranial cavity. Pneumocephalus may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. It generally responds well to conservative management. The patient did not complain of a headache. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the seventh day postpartum with no neurologic sequelae.
Anesthetics, Local ; Apnea ; Blood Patch, Epidural ; Brain ; Bupivacaine ; Catheters ; Epidural Space ; Headache ; Humans ; Pneumocephalus* ; Post-Dural Puncture Headache ; Postpartum Period ; Punctures* ; Unconsciousness

No abstract available.
Adipose Tissue* ; Bone Density* ; Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Education* ; Health Behavior*