With the further study of the ventilation model,pulmonary protective ventilation has been paid increasing attention by more and more scholars.Recent studies have shown that lung protective ventilation strategy has been proved to improve oxygenation and reduce postoperative pulmonary complications.Due to the special physiological function of the elderly,they are more likely to have postoperative pulmonary complications after mechanical ventilation.The article discusses which ventilation mode is more suitable for elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.This article reviews some theories about the physiological function of the elderly,and the effect of laparoscopy on the respiratory function of the elderly.It also reviews the related progress and controversy of low tidal volume,positive end expiratory pressure,recruitment maneuvers and other pulmonary protective strategies.