The authors used radioimmunoassay (RIA) method for determining AFP and CEA concentrations in the blood of healthy adults and cancer patients. The results are follow: 1. Serum AFP concentration in the blood of healthy adults is 2.67+/-1.21 IU/ml, n=81 (from 0 to 5 IU/ml) and CEA concentration is 3.95+/- 1.12ng/ml (from 0 to 6 ng/ml). 2. The serum AFP concentration is higher in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis and more higher in the group of patients with primary cancer of liver. In serum of patients with cancer of stomach, colorectal and bronchi, the CEA concentrations are significantly increased than healthy. So RIA method determining CEA, AFP concentrations in serum has an important value in diagnosing cancer of liver, gastrointestinal tract and bronchi.
neoplasms ; alpha-Fetoproteins

No abstract available.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Mass Screening*

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; alpha-Fetoproteins*

Hepatoid carcinoma is histologically similar to hepatocelluar carcinoma and produce alfa-fetoprotein. Ovarian hepatoid carcinoma is extremely rare whether primary or metastatic. We experienced one case of primary ovarian hepatoid carcinoma. In this case report, we present histologic findings, therapeutic modalities of primary hepatoid carcinoma with review of literatures.
alpha-Fetoproteins ; Female ; Ovary

No abstract available.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Prenatal Diagnosis*

OBJECTIVES

Sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCT) are the most common extragonadal tumors of early childhood. Their clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with sacrococcygeal tumors who underwent excision in the Philippines has never been described, while numerous retrospective studies have been conducted in other countries.

This was a retrospective, descriptive study over a four-year period (December 2014 to November 2018). The study described the patients’ demographic data, manner of delivery, clinical presentation, prenatal diagnosis of tumor, Altman classification, and alpha fetoprotein levels. These information were obtained from the medical records of the patients. Additional data from the operative technique include the surgical approach, size of the mass, and gross involvement of adjacent structures and the final histopathologic results. Outcomes include the 30-day mortality and morbidity, and tumor recurrence.

A total of 29 patients were included in the study with 22 females (75.86%) and seven males (24.14%). Twentyfive out of the 29 (86.21%) had a sacral or gluteal mass at birth while other presenting factors include a palpable abdominal mass (1), constipation (1), difficulty in urination (1), and an elevated AFP in one postoperative patient. Even if 27 out of the 29 patients underwent a maternal ultrasound, only three patients (10.34%) had a correct ultrasound interpretation of sacrococcygeal teratoma. Age at presentation was problematic, with 12 presenting at greater than one year of age while 10 were brought for consultation at greater than one month old. Only seven presented at the neonatal period. CT scan was the most common imaging tool utilized (37.93%), followed by ultrasound (27.59%). AFP was elevated in ten patients (34.48%). Six of the patients with elevated AFP had mature teratoma, two had yolk sac tumor, one had fibroepithelial polyp, and one was post chemotherapy but had mature teratoma based on the final histopathology report. Fifteen out of the 29 patients had Altman type I tumors (51.72%), seven (24.14%) had type II tumors, six (20.69%) had type III tumors, and only one patient had type IV tumor. Sacral approach in the excision of the sacrococcygeal tumor was performed in 25 patients (86.21%). There was no reported perioperative mortality for patients who underwent surgery for SCT during the study period. Twelve out of the 29 had postop morbidities, three with surgical site infection and three with rectal or vaginal perforation. Five patients had tumor recurrence occurring from two months to three years postoperatively.

Early detection of sacrococcygeal teratomas even in the prenatal period is the norm in certain areas of the world, but in our country, prenatal detection is still a challenge. Even if the majority of the patients presented with a gluteal mass at birth, less than a third were brought to our tertiary government hospital in neonatal life. The sacral approach for SCT excision was employed for the great majority of our patients, but due to the advanced age at diagnosis and locally advanced disease, morbidities occurred in about a third of the patients. Therefore, early detection prenatally and early referral to a pediatric surgical center should be achievable goals for physicians dealing with these patients.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It is coming into use worldwide. Objective: To analyze clinical characteristics, AFP (alpha - feto protein), imaging features of liver tumors after treated with RFA or with RFA combined with TOCE. Subjects and method: Between August 2002 and October 2006, we ablated 87 HCCs in 76 patients (RFA alone, 41. TOCE - RFA, 35). Results: The mean age of patients was 52.8 \xb1 12. The male/female ratio was 5.9/1. The complication rate was 1.9% (5/254 sessions, 5/76 patients). Significant differences were observed in clinical symptoms: Weigh gain, abdominal pain relief, AFP decreased after treatment. Median survival was 30 \xb1 5.8 months in RFA group and 31 \xb1 5.4 months in TOCE - RFA group. 1 - 2 - 3 years survival rates were 74%; 56.3%; 43.8% in RFA group and 91.3%; 63.4%; 34.6% in TOCE - RFA group. Ablated lesions were of low attenuation with absence of contrast material enhancement and reduced in size. Conclusions: Our study results show that RFA is an effective and safe therapeutic technique for HCC. Good therapeutic effects on clinical symptoms, treated lesion and survival were achieved.
Carcinoma ; Hepatocellular/ therapy ; Alpha-Fetoproteins

Lot-to-lot reproducibility is an important issue in immunoassays and reagent lot-to-lot comparability test comparing the results of new reagent lot with those of used lot using patients' samples or controls is usually performed to detect the difference between lots. However, there are no universally used acceptability criteria regarding reagent lot-to-lot comparability test. We performed reagent comparability test between different lots of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) reagents and tried to determine its comparability by several criteria. Both the commercialized controls and in-house controls for AFP made from pooled patients' sera were measured 10 times using the old and new lots of reagents, whenever a reagent lot was changed. The differences in the mean control values, the percent difference (% difference), and the difference to between-run standard deviation ratio (D:SD ratio) between successive lots were calculated. We compared the results of reagent comparability test to arbitrarily determined acceptability criteria suggested by CLSI C54-A. Although comparability between reagent lots was determined according to how strictly we set the criteria, some lot-to-lot differences between certain pairs of lots exceeded the criteria. We hope that the results of this study might be helpful to perform reagent lot-to-lot comparability test and set the criteria for reagent comparability test between lots in other laboratories.
alpha-Fetoproteins ; Immunoassay ; Indicators and Reagents

No abstract available.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

A study was carried out on 40 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who were divided into 2 groups: 1st group (n=27) with AFP-L3<15% after treated by transcatheter oil chemoembolization (TOCE); 2nd group (n=13) with AFP-L3>15%. Results: the mean value of AFP-L3 in the 110 HCC patients was 54.623.7%, significantly higher (p<0.001) than the value in CLD (11.23.1%). When cut-off level was set 15% for AFP-L3, the sensitivity was 96.4%, and the specificity was 95%. The survival rates after 12 and 18 months of TOCE were 88.9% and 63% in the 1st group with AFP-L3<15% and 38.5% and 15.3% in the 2nd group with AFP-L3>15%, respectively. The recurrence of HCC for 1st and 2nd group were 10.23.5 months and 12.01.7 months, respectively
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Therapeutics ; Diagnosis ; alpha-Fetoproteins