Objective:To determine the prevalence of Anaplasma marginale (A.marginale) and Anaplasma ovis from sheep and goat in different highland pasture in west of lran.Methods:From July 2015 to October 2015,370 blood samples of sheep and goat were collected fiom different regions in Hamedan province,Iran.The DNA extracted fiom blood and subsequently,16S rRNA and MSP4 genes were analyzed by nested-PCR,semi nested-PCR and RFLP methods.Results:In the PCR assessment,overall 27.5％ (102/370) of sheep and goat were positive for Anaplasma ovis and A.margiule infection,which was lower than reports from tropical and subtropical regions of lran.Statistical analysis (the Chi-square test) did not show any significant relation between infection and variables such as location,tick infestation age and sex (P ＞ 0.05).No significant correlation between the altitude and the Anaplasma species infection was found (Mann-Whitney test:P ＞ 0.05).However,Anaplasma infection in goat significantly is more than the sheep (P =0.008).Conclusions:The ecological changes affect the frequency and distribution of Anaplasma species.Furthermore,our results indicate that sheep as potential reservoirs ofA.marginale.

BACKGROUND: The Nordic Safety Climate Questionnaire-50 (NOSACQ-50) was developed by a team of Nordic occupational safety researchers based on safety climate and psychological theories. The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Persian version of NOSACQ-50 and assess the score of safety climate on a group of workers in a steel company in Iran. METHODS: The Persian version of NOSACQ-50 was distributed among 661 employees of a steel company in Qazvin Province (Iran). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the dimensions of the questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach α coefficient. Pearson correlation test was applied to investigate the correlation between different dimensions. RESULTS: The results of EFA showed that the Persian version of NOSACQ-50 consisted of six dimensions. The Cronbach α coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.94. The mean score of safety climate in all dimensions was 2.89 (standard deviation 0.60). CONCLUSION: The Persian version of NOSACQ-50 had a satisfactory validity for measuring safety climate in the studied Iranian population.
Climate* ; Iran ; Occupational Health ; Psychological Theory ; Steel*

OBJECTIVETo assess local effect of celecoxib on nerve regeneration in a rat sciatic nerve transection model.

METHODSForty-five male healthy white Wistar rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n equal to 15 for each): sham-operation (SHAM), control (SIL) and celecoxib treated (SIL/CLX) groups. In SHAM group after anesthesia left sciatic nerve was exposed and after homeostasis muscle was sutured. In SIL group the left sciatic nerve was exposed in the same way and transected proximal to tibioperoneal bifurcation leaving a 10 mm gap. Proximal and distal stumps were each inserted into a silicone tube and filled with 10 microlitre phosphate buffered solution. In SIL/CLX group defect was bridged using a silicone tube filled with 10 microlitre celecoxib (0.1 g/L).

RESULTSFunctional study and gastrocnemius muscle mass confirmed faster and better recovery of regenerated axons in SIL/CLX than in SIL group (P less than 0.05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed number and diameter of the myelinated fibers in SIL/CLX were significantly greater than those in control group. In immunohistochemistry, location of reactions to S-100 in SIL/CLX was clearly more positive than that in SIL group.

CONCLUSIONResponse to local treatment of celecoxib demonstrates that it influences and improves functional recovery of peripheral nerve regeneration.

Animals ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Male ; Nerve Regeneration ; drug effects ; Peripheral Nerves ; drug effects ; surgery ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacokinetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sciatic Nerve ; drug effects ; Silicones ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacokinetics

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder. Helicobacter Pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that is presumed to be associated with ITP and therapeutic response of patients. To evaluate the effect of H. Pylori eradication on platelet count of ITP patients, we analyzed the studies conducted on the association between H. Pylori infection and response to therapy in ITP patients in Western Asia focusing on the Middle East region. Methods: A systematic search of databases (PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Central) and Google Scholar search engine results was conducted up until January 2020. The keywords included in the search were Helicobacter Pylori and/or H. Pylori, ITP and/or immune thrombocytopenia. Results: Seven studies comprising a total of 228 H. Pylori -infected patients (193 with successful eradication) were included in this study. The association between H. Pylori eradication and ITP was expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The findings showed that patients who received eradication treatment for H. Pylori infection had significantly higher OR (OR, 8.83; 95% CI, 2.03‒38.35; P =0.004) than those in the non-eradicated group. Conclusion Our results indicate a significant therapeutic effect of H. Pylori eradication on the platelet count of patients with chronic ITP. Given the inherent limitations of this study, including the small number of patients, further studies with more patients are recommended.

Objective To determine the prevalence of Anaplasma marginale (A. marginale) and Anaplasma ovis from sheep and goat in different highland pasture in west of Iran. Methods From July 2015 to October 2015, 370 blood samples of sheep and goat were collected from different regions in Hamedan province, Iran. The DNA extracted from blood and subsequently, 16S rRNA and MSP4 genes were analyzed by nested-PCR, semi nested-PCR and RFLP methods. Results In the PCR assessment, overall 27.5% (102/370) of sheep and goat were positive for Anaplasma ovis and A. marginale infection, which was lower than reports from tropical and subtropical regions of Iran. Statistical analysis (the Chi-square test) did not show any significant relation between infection and variables such as location, tick infestation age and sex (P > 0.05). No significant correlation between the altitude and the Anaplasma species infection was found (Mann–Whitney test: P > 0.05). However, Anaplasma infection in goat significantly is more than the sheep (P = 0.008). Conclusions The ecological changes affect the frequency and distribution of Anaplasma species. Furthermore, our results indicate that sheep as potential reservoirs of A. marginale.

Objective To determine the synergists action of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) on toxicity of carbamate insecticides against Blattella germanica in Tehran city. Methods In the current study, German cockroach strains were collected from several hospitals and dormitories in Tehran. At the beginning, different concentrations of bendiocarb and carbaryl (insecticides belong to carbamate group) were determined by surface contact on a susceptible strain. Then, the level of susceptibility and type of resistance mechanisms in the collected strains from contaminated sites to the aforementioned insecticides were studied by using PBO and DEF synergists with different insecticide ratios to synergist (1:0, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3). Results The DEF synergist along with bendiocarb and carbaryl completely eliminated the resistance in all strains but PBO did not completely eliminate the resistance in the strains of Mofid, Alvand, Valiasr hospitals and Shariati dormitory. Generally, the impact of DEF was observed in the removing resistance more than PBO. Conclusions In most of these strains, resistance to bendiocarb and carbaryl is completely eliminated by DEF, showing a very high role of estraze enzymes in resistance to bendiocarb and carbaryl. But in most strains PBO does not remove the resistance because other mechanisms, such as reduced cuticle penetration and insensitivity to the acetylcholine esterase enzyme, may be involved.