OBJECTIVE To find out the situation of peri-operational lower respiratory tract infection in inpatients with congenital heart disease of left to right shunt and provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment.METHODS Peri-operational lower respiratory tract nosocomial infection in 2 564 cases of congenital heart disease with left to right shunt during Jan 2003 to Dec 2005 was analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS The incidence rate of lower respiratory tract infection was 11.27% among 2 564 cases.The incidence rate was 15.51% in patients less than 2 years old.The most common pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa(18.60%).The death rate in cases with lower respiratory tract nosocomial infection was higher than these non-infection cases.CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary congestion,less than 2 years old,mechanical ventilation and antibiotics abuse are main causes of lower respiratory tract nosocomial infection in patients with congenital heart disease with left to right shunt.Nosocomial infection can increase death rate.

The serum levels of soluble E selectin (sE selectin) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM 1) were determined by ELISA in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group (62 cases), normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (24 subjects), and diabetes mellitus group (23 cases). Serum sVCAM 1 level in the IGT group was significantly higher than that in the NGT group (P

Objective To investigate the status of the knowledge of metabolic syndrome and their demand situation among community nurses and discuss the community nursing intervention on metabolic syndrome. Methods A survey about the knowledge and its needs of metabolic syndrome was conducted in community nurses of the practice bases of the nursing school of Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medical University by selfdesigned questionnaires. Results 58.8% of the communities had carried out the prevention of metabolic syndrome, and standard administration had been applied in 43.3% among them. 40.8% and 42.9% nurses were not clear about the diagnosis and prevention of metabolic syndrome respectively. 100.0% nurses agreed that corresponding training was necessary for them. Conclusions The education and training of the knowledge about metabolic syndrome must be enhanced for community nurses, and the intervention measures should be reinforced to improve the rate of diagnosis , cognition rate, control rate in order to improve the people's health and reduce the social and personal burden.

Objective To study the proliferation promoting effect on osteoblast cells induced by sodium orthovanadate and whether nitric oxide (NO) was involved in this process. Methods MTT assay was employed to determine cell proliferation and its inhibition. The level of NO was measured by enzyme reduction method. Results The MTT values of MC3T3-E1 cells under the 2.5,5.0,10.0 ?mol/L of sodium orthovanadate were 0.3380?0.0045, 0.3400?0.0141, 0.3840?0.0313 respectively, which were higher than in control group (0.2540?0.0167)(P

[Objective] To establish a content determination method of Berberine hydrochloride in San Yu Ointment by HPLC.[Methods] RP-HPLC was performed to determine Berberine hydrochloride on a column of Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C8(4.6?150mm,5?m)at 20℃; Acetonitrile-0.1 % H3PO4 (50∶50)(Adding 0.1 g C12H25NaO4S to every 100 mL)was used as mobile phase,the flow rate was 1.0 mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was at 265 nm.[Results]A good linearity can be found in the range of 39.40 ~394.0 ng,and the regression equation was Y = 4.073?103x+2.248 ? 103 (r=0.9992).The recovery was between 97.9 %~100.9 %,and the average recovery rate was 99.4 %,RSD was 1.5 %.[Conclusion]The method is simple,rapid,accurate and available,which can be used to control the quality of San Yu Ointment.

Objective To investigate the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)in asthma.Methods The mouse asthma model was induced by ovalbumin(OVA).IDO expression was detected on the level of protein and mRNA respectively.Distribution and maturation of dendritic cells were detected by the immunofluorescence method.Results (1)The symptoms and lung inflammation in the model group were more serious than control group.The serum total IgE was significantly higher in the model group than that in the control group,165.50 ± 30.13 ng/ml vs.94.45 ± 28.30 ng/ml(P ＜ 0.05).(2)IDO expression in the model group was lower than that in control group.On the level of protein,mean intergrated optical density was 11.38 ± 6.05 in the model group vs.23.62 ± 8.92 in the control group(P ＜ 0.05);on the level of mRNA,IDO expression of the model group was 33% of the control group(P ＜ 0.05).(3)CD11c+CD86+ cells were distributed in alveolar wall and around small vessels.The quantity of CD11c+CD86+ cells in lungs of the model group were significantly smaller than that in the control group.The median intergrated fluorescence intensity was 9961.86(range,7 406.52 ～ 12 724.98)in the model group vs.15974.60(range,10 006.39 ～ 16 171.46)in the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions IDO expression is low and matured dendritic cells are less in situ in the asthma model.These suggest that less matured DCs may produce less IDO,which may play an important role in asthma.

Objective To study the regulatory role of chemerin in infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia by investigating the level of serum chemerin,pro-inlfammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-17), and anti-inlfammatory cytokine (IL-10, TGF-β). Methods The serum level of chemerin,TNF-α,IL-1,IL-10,TGF-βwere tested in 82 RSV pneumonia inpatients (17 severe RSV pneumonia cases,65 mild cases) and 40 controls by ELISA and the severity of the RSV pneumonia was evaluated using a scoring system. Results The serum level of chemerin of RSV pneumonia cases were (610.45±106.63pg/ml) which were signiifcantly higher than the control(337.24±43.37 pg/ml). Chemerin level of severe RSV pneumonia group is signiifcantly higher than mild cases as well [(786.62±82.59 pg/ml)vs (539.98±65.86 pg/ml)P<0.01 ]. Signiifcant positive correlations were found be-tween serum chemerin level and TNF-α,IL-17 level (r=0.81,r=0.61;P<0.01) while the serum level of chemerin is negatively correlated with IL-10, TGF-β(r=-0.80,r=-0.75;P<0.01). Conclusions The level of chemerin increased in RSV pneumonia patients,and related to clinical severity after RSV infection. These results indicate that chemerin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RSV pneumonia and to the severity of the infection.

To identify the species of Mycobacterium clinical isolates by molecular biology techniques,six clinical isolates which were preliminarily recognized as Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the TCH and PNB culture methods were selected in this study.PCR was applied to amplify the oxyR-ahpC interval resistant-zone(intergenic region) and the length of PCR product in four strains was the same as that of H37Rv,while the length in the other two strains was different from that of H37Rv but same as Mycobacterium intracellulare 95002.With sequencing and on-line homology comparison with H37Rv,U18263 and U71061,the DNA sequence of oxyR-ahpC intergenic region displayed a 99% homology with Mycobacterium intracellulare U71061 and an 84% homology with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.In addition,the results of hsp65 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and multi-locus PCR amplification in the two strains were identical with those of Mycobacterium intracellulare 95002.These two clinical isolates which were preliminarily recognized as Mycobacterium tuberculosis by PNB and TCH culture methods were finally identified as Mycobacterium intracellulare.Results predicted that the application associated with various techniques of molecular biology would provide a faster,easier and more correct way for the species identification of Mycobacterium.

Objective To observe the influence of highflux hemodialysis(HFD)on homocysteine(Hcy) level and major cardiovascular events of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods Patients eligible for inclusion were randomly divided into HFD group and low flux hemodialysis(HD)group with 30 cases in each group. Patient′s serum homocysteine (Hcy),major cardiovascular events and various clinical indicators were observed for 12 months then the data were analyzed. Results Hcy baseline levels in 2 groups(21.02 ± 11.79 mmol/L vs. 19.86 ± 6.97 mmol/L)indicated no significant difference(P = 0.162)before hemodialysis but Hcy levels had significant difference(20.29 ± 11.45 mmol/L vs. 24.57 ± 13.23 mmol/L),(P=0.045)after 12-month observation. There was lower incidence of major cardiovascular events in HFD when compared to that in HD group (10.0% vs. 33.3%) which showed significantly statistical difference (P=0.034),and there was no mortality in HFD group but 1 case of death in HD group. All-cause mortality in 2 groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion Long-term HFD treatment significantly reduces Hcy levels and the incidence of major cardiovascular events of MHD patients