Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is an important indoor air pollutant, with both outdoor and indoor sources contributing to indoor NO₂ exposure levels. Considering the association of high NO₂ exposure with adverse health effects, the Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022) have been revised to further restrict indoor NO₂ limit values. The 1-h average concentration limit value for NO₂ has been reduced from 0.24 mg/m³ to 200 μg/m³.This study analyzed the technical contents related to the determination of the limits of indoor NO₂ in Standards for Indoor Air Quality (GB/T 18883-2022), including source, exposure level, health effects, and the process and evidence basis for determining the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the direction for the implementation of the indoor NO₂ standard.
Humans ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects* ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; China ; Air Pollution/adverse effects*

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is an important indoor air pollutant, with both outdoor and indoor sources contributing to indoor NO₂ exposure levels. Considering the association of high NO₂ exposure with adverse health effects, the Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022) have been revised to further restrict indoor NO₂ limit values. The 1-h average concentration limit value for NO₂ has been reduced from 0.24 mg/m³ to 200 μg/m³.This study analyzed the technical contents related to the determination of the limits of indoor NO₂ in Standards for Indoor Air Quality (GB/T 18883-2022), including source, exposure level, health effects, and the process and evidence basis for determining the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the direction for the implementation of the indoor NO₂ standard.
Humans ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects* ; Nitrogen Dioxide ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; China ; Air Pollution/adverse effects*

The formulation and revision of the detection methods of indoor air quality standards is an important, rigorous and delicate endeavor. This paper introduced the formulation and revision of the detection methods of the standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022), focusing on the revision process, revision principles, main adjustments and technical points of some key indicators to facilitate users to better understand and apply the detection methods in standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022).
Humans ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; China ; Reference Standards ; Air Pollutants/analysis*

The formulation and revision of the detection methods of indoor air quality standards is an important, rigorous and delicate endeavor. This paper introduced the formulation and revision of the detection methods of the standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022), focusing on the revision process, revision principles, main adjustments and technical points of some key indicators to facilitate users to better understand and apply the detection methods in standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022).
Humans ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; China ; Reference Standards ; Air Pollutants/analysis*

The pollution and health effects of indoor inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) are increasingly receiving public attention. The"Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)"has revised the standard limit for PM₁₀ and added the standard limit for PM_2.5. This study analyzed and interpreted the relevant technical contents of the revision of the standard limits for two indicators, including the exposure status, health effects, and the basis for the determination of the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the future development and revision of standard limits for indoor particulate matters.
Humans ; Particulate Matter/analysis* ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Particle Size ; Environmental Monitoring ; China ; Air Pollution

The pollution and health effects of indoor inhalable particulate matter (PM₁₀) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) are increasingly receiving public attention. The"Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)"has revised the standard limit for PM₁₀ and added the standard limit for PM_2.5. This study analyzed and interpreted the relevant technical contents of the revision of the standard limits for two indicators, including the exposure status, health effects, and the basis for the determination of the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the future development and revision of standard limits for indoor particulate matters.
Humans ; Particulate Matter/analysis* ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Particle Size ; Environmental Monitoring ; China ; Air Pollution

A daily count of air borne pollen was done within the city limits of Seoul, Korea for a period of two years (1984-1985) using Durham's Gravity Sampling Device. Two major pollen seasons, March through May, and the month of September, were easily distinguishable. The concentration of the different types of pollen as well as all of the pollens combined varied similarly both years to a significant degree. The pollen types found in the greatest numbers were Alnus (March), Populus (April), Quercus (April-May), Pinus(May), grasses (September), and weeds (September). The main weed pollens detected in September, sagebrush, ragweed and Japanese hop would also be considered to be important allergenic pollens of respiratory allergy in Korea. The results of the survey are discussed in the light of especially relevant published literature.
Air Pollution/analysis* ; Comparative Study ; Human ; Korea ; Pollen/analysis* ; Seasons

OBJECTIVEbenzene; Air pollution; Risk assessment in the air of workshop and validate the methods.

METHODSExpert-reference, BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were separately used to estimate benzene concentration in a slurry-applying workshop and modeling workshop of a rubber factory. The estimations were compared with current newly monitored data.

RESULTSThe estimated averages of expert-reference, BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were 100.0, 16.9, 33.2 mg/m3 respectively for the slurry-applying workshop and 100, 156, 115 mg/m3 for the modeling workshop. No significant difference was observed between the estimations and validating sample except to that of the expert-reference for the former.

CONCLUSIONBAYES statistics and expert-measurement were precise and expert-reference was candidate if no measurements in spite of its subjectivity.

Air Pollution, Indoor ; analysis ; Environment, Controlled ; Humidity ; Radon ; analysis ; Temperature

There are clear indoor air pollution sources of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene. A large number of epidemiological evidence has confirmed their carcinogenic toxicity and non-carcinogenic toxicity. Several countries and international organizations have paid attention to indoor air trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene. It has been also assessed that there should be certain potential health risk of indoor air trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in China. Based on the latest research results of health risk assessment of indoor air trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, the "Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)" added trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene as indicators. The index limit of trichloroethylene is 6 μg/m³ for an 8-hour average concentration. The index limit of tetrachloroethylene is 120 μg/m³ for an 8-hour average concentration. The technical contents related to the determination of the standard limits of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in indoor air were analyzed and discussed, including the sources, the exposure, the health effects, the determination of the limit values, and the recommendations for standard implementation. It also proposed recommendations for the implementation of"Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)".
Humans ; Tetrachloroethylene/analysis* ; Air Pollution, Indoor ; Trichloroethylene/analysis* ; China