2.Influence on physiological load of crewmen exposed to noise and noxious substances in compartments during tank gun shooting.
Xiang-yang HAO ; Shao-bo YANG ; Xiang-cheng BAI ; Wei ZHANG ; Jiang-shen XIE ; Hui-xian WANG ; Jian-ju LIU
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2006;24(8):491-493
4.Preliminary study on naphthalene-metabolites-albumin adduct as an exposure biomarker for coke oven workers.
Yu-fei DAI ; Shu-guang LENG ; Zu-fei PAN ; Stephen M RAPPAPORT ; Yu-xin ZHENG
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2004;38(6):392-395
OBJECTIVETo study albumin adduct with naphthalene metabolites, namely 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NPQ) and 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NPQ), as a potential biomarker for intermediate/long-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in coke oven workers.
METHODSTwenty-eight coke oven workers and 22 control workers were recruited from a cokery. Spot urine and venous blood samples were collected from the workers after four continuously working days and personal information was obtained by questionnaire. Plasma albumin adduct was detected with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
RESULTSAlbumin adduct with 1,2- & 1,4-NPQ (1,2-NPQ and 1,4-NPQ), respectively, were detected in all coke oven workers and controls. Median plasma level of 1,2-NPQ-Alb in coke oven workers was significantly higher than that in controls (76.6 pmol/g vs. 44.9 pmol/g, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in plasma median level of 1,4-NPQ-Alb between the two groups (48.6 pmol/g vs. 44.2 pmol/g, P > 0.05). Plasma level of 1,2-NPQ-Alb was significantly higher than that of 1,4-NPQ-Alb in coke oven workers. Urine levels of naphthalene, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol and 1-pyrenol in coke oven workers correlated significantly with their plasma level of 1,2-NPQ-Alb (Pearson coefficient of correlation greater than 0.371, P < 0.01), but did not do significantly with 1,4-NPQ-Alb.
CONCLUSIONPlasma level of 1,2-NPQ-Alb could effectively reflect their magnitude of personal internal dose of exposure to air PAH, so it could be used as a potential biomarker to evaluate their intermediate/long-term exposure to PAH in coke oven workers.
Air Pollutants, Occupational ; adverse effects ; Albumins ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Coke ; DNA Adducts ; Humans ; Male ; Naphthalenes ; metabolism ; Naphthoquinones ; blood ; Occupational Exposure
6.Occupational Health Risk Assessment of Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene in Shanghai.
Tong Shuai WANG ; Bo SONG ; Qing Hua SUN ; Yong Xin LIN ; Yuan SUN ; Pin SUN ; Xiao Dong JIA ; William W AU ; Can Hua MEI ; Zhao Lin XIA
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021;34(4):290-298
Objective:
This study was designed to conduct a retrospective and systematic occupational health risk assessment (OHRA) of enterprises that used benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) in Shanghai, China.
Methods:
All data for the study were obtained from 1,705 occupational health examination and evaluation reports from 2013 to 2017, and a semiquantitative model following Chinese OHRA guidelines (GBZ/T 298-2017) was applied for the assessment.
Results:
The selected enterprises using BTX were mainly involved in manufacturing of products. Using the exposure level method, health risk levels associated with exposure to BTX were classified as medium, negligible, or low. However, the risk levels associated with benzene and toluene were significantly different according to job types, with gluers and inkers exhibiting greater health risks. For the same job type, the health risk levels assessed using the comprehensive index method were higher than those using the exposure level method.
Conclusion
Our OHRA reveals that workers who are exposed to BTX still face excessive health risk. Additionally, the risk level varied depending on job categories and exposure to specific chemicals. Therefore, additional control measures recommended by OHRA guidelines are essential to reduce worker exposure levels.
Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis*
;
Benzene/analysis*
;
China
;
Humans
;
Occupational Exposure/adverse effects*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Risk Assessment
;
Toluene/analysis*
;
Xylenes/analysis*
8.A 20-year follow-up study on the effects of long-term exposure to thorium dust.
Xing'an CHEN ; Yonge CHENG ; Huijuan XIAO ; Guodong FENG ; Yunhui DENG ; Zhiliang FENG ; Lian CHEN ; Xuanmao HAN ; Yingjie YANG ; Zhihuan DONG ; Rong ZHEN
Chinese Medical Journal 2003;116(5):692-694
OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible effects of long-term exposure to dust containing thorium and thoron progeny on dust-exposed miners.
METHODSA negative, high voltage, exhaled thoron progeny measurement system was used to estimate the miners' thorium lung burden.
RESULTSThe highest thorium lung burden of 638 miners was 11.11 Bq. The incidence of stage 0(+) pneumoconiosis was higher among dust-exposed miners. Lung cancer mortality of the dust-exposed miners was significantly higher than that of controls (P < 0.005).
CONCLUSIONThere is a difference in cancer rates between those who have long-term exposure to dust containing thorium (in which carcinogenic ThO(2) and SiO(2) exist) and thoron progeny and those who have not.
Air Pollutants, Radioactive ; adverse effects ; Body Burden ; China ; epidemiology ; Dust ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Mining ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Thorium ; adverse effects
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