The development of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies (anti-EGFR McAbs) marked a significant milestone in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treatment. The addition of anti-EGFR McAb can greatly improve quality of life of mCRC patients and mCRC prognosis and markedly increases the overall survival rate from 6 months to nearly 30 months. KRAS and NRAS mutations contribute to the primary resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and can serve as well-established predictive markers for pa-tient selection. Apart from the RAS family, other molecular alteration in EGFR signaling pathway may also compromise the efficacy of anti-EGFR treatment. In addition, patients who responded to anti-EGFR treatment eventually develop acquired drug resistance within 13 and 18 months. In this review, the mechanisms underlying the primary and secondary resistance to anti-EGFR therapy are summa-rized, and a possible strategy to circumvent drug resistance is proposed. We hope this review can provide compelling evidence, deeper insights, and reasonable guidance to facilitate the precise molecular targeted therapy of mCRC.

Objective: To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of Pyretic Arthralgia granules in treating rheumatoid arthritis of moist heat arthralgia spasm syndrome,so as to provide scientific evidence in clinical Medication.Methods: Adopted random and positive parallel contrast methods,60 cases of active stage rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients whom were differentiated of symptoms and signs as moist heat arthralgia spasm syndrome were divided into groups.Experimental group took Pyretic Arthralgia granules 2.0 g every time and 3 times a day orally;control group took Loxonin orally,60 mg every time and 3 times a day.Both course of treatment in two sets were 4 weeks.Results: Experimental group and control group all could improve present symptoms,physical signs and physical-chemical index.There was not significance variance in two groups comparing the disease therapeutic effect with the therapeutic effect of syndrome of traditional Chinese medicine.Conclusion: Pyretic Arthralgia granules has the effects of detumescence,alleviating pain and improving Joint function,and has not obvious poison and side reaction.It is good for further generalizing and applying.

High resolution melting ( HRM) analysis is a real-time PCR based technique which can detect DNA sequence polymorphism .Immediately after routine PCR with saturated fluorescent dye , melting transition of the amplicon was monitored and fluorescence was collected .According to the different melting curve, single base differences can be distinguished .HRM is a low -cost, single -step, closed -tube, accurate and rapid method , which has aroused general concern .Rapid and sensitive detection of the clinical pathogens is critical to diagnosis of infectious diseases .However , clinical research on application of HRM in infectious disease pathogen identification and drug resistance , especially melting curve analysis based bedside technology integration will provide strong support for the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

Target therapy is a major progress in treatment of advanced colorectal cancer. Cetuximab and bevacizumab are the most widely used target agents in colorectal cancer, which target against EGFR and VEGF respectively. The addition of target agent to chemotherapy improve efficacy and prolong survival in the first line setting, as well as in the second line setting. The increased respectability of liver metastases from colorectal cancer is of great importance, k-ras gene mutation is a definite predictor of cetuximab, however, there is no clear predictor for bevacizumab.

Objective To explore the effect of formaldehyde on learning and memory and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cerebral tissues. Methods 40 ICR mice were randomly divided into four gropes: A-control group (NS was added into water bottle), B, C, D-three formaldehyde dose groups (0.1, 0.2, 0.4% formaldehyde solution were added into water bottles). After 30 days of treatment, the ability of learning and memory were evaluated by Morris watermaze test and step-down test and the activity of SOD in the cerebral tissues was determined. Results In the Morris watermaze test (the fifth day), escapelaten latence in group C[ (29.23?5.56)s] and D[ (37.36?7.39)s] were significantly longer than group A[ (21.65?5.81)s](P

The addition of HER2-targeted therapy has markedly improved the survival and prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Inhibiting the HER2 signaling pathway has become the backbone treatment for advanced HER2-positive gastric cancer in the first-line setting. TOGA trial established trastuzumab in combination with cisplatin and 5-flurouracil as the standard first-line treat-ment. In the post-TOGA era, combinations of trastuzumab with other chemotherapy agents were proven to be effective as both the second-line treatment and the conversion treatment. Such combinations are promising in the neoadjuvant treatment for locally ad-vanced gastric cancer. Research focuses on the development of novel anti-HER2 agents in combination with agents targeting against other signal pathways. Real-time monitoring of the gene expression profile is the key to discovering the mechanism of trastuzumab re-sistance. The preliminary results of existing clinical trials have shown potential to overcome resistance to trastuzumab. In this review, we summarized the treatment advancement for HER2 positive gastric cancer and the direction for future development, thereby provid-ing guidance on clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE: To observe therapeutic effect and adverse reaction of the combination of Concha merelricis Seu cyclinae powder with 0. 02% furacilin solution in treating dermatitis vulvae and eczema. METHODS: Thirty outpatients (9 men and 21 women with the average age of 47. 1 years old) were treated with Concha meretricis Seu cyclinae powder and 0. 02% furacilin solution by wet dressing or external use twice daily for three weeks. RESULTS: 21 cases were cured (70%); 6 cases were significant recovery (20%); 2 cases were effective (6. 66%) and 1 cases was ineffective (3. 33%), The total effective rate was 90. 0% and no adverse reaction was found. CONCLUSIONS: Concha meretricis Seu cyclinae powder combined with 0. 02% furacilin solution is one of the effective therapy in the treatment of dermatitis vulvae and eczema.

Four qi theory is an important part of property theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Current researches mainly focus on two aspects of cold and heat properties, which are not only important elements of treating diseases, but also are factors of causing adverse reaction. In this article, through the study on the toxicity mechanism of cold and hot properties, authors put forward to the control measures of toxic and side effects of traditional Chinese medicine with cold and hot properties, and pointed out that the importance of controlling toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine with cold and hot properties lies in the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and adverse reactions of half-dose glucocorticosteroid and cytoxan,combined with leflunomide for the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN) of MRL/lpr mice,and provide experimental evidences for LN therapy.Methods Twenty-eight 10-week-old MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into four groups:Group A,blank control group; Group B,classical control group; Group C,full-dose control group; Group D,half-dose treatment group,with 7 mice in each group.The therapeutic efficacy and side reactions in the four groups were observed and compared before and 12 weeks after treatment.Statistical analysis was conducted with one-way ANOVA,q test and Pearson's correlation analysis.Results The serum anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody titers (0.43±0.16,0.32±0.09,0.44± 0.18,1.95±0.19) U/ml,serum creatinine level (1.63±0.63,0.40±0.23,0.82±0.21,10.86±2.17) mg,24-hour urine protein excretion level (71±8,60±5,68±3,121±10) μmol/L and renal pathological changes in group B,C,D were significantly improved than those of the group A (P＜0.05) after 12 weeks treatment.There was no significant difference in the efficacy between group B,C,and D (P＞0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in group D was significantly lower than that in other groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Multi-target therapy,such as half-dose prednisone and CTX,combined with leflunomide can effectively control lupus disease activity with less side effects.This regimen is cheap,safe and effective for the treatment of LN in MRUL/lpr mice.This study has provided animal evidences for this multi-target therapy for LN.

Objective To improve the quality of teaching, conduct the examination mode reform of the course Fundamental Nursing among undergraduate students, and explore a reasonable and fair appraisal mechanism. Methods Taking a class of 2013 consisting of 160 undergraduates majored in nursing as an experimental group, reform the content, method and evaluation method and implement them in the fundamentals of nursing examination. In addition, compile a self- made questionnaire to investigate the feedback effect of carrying out the assessment model. Meanwhile, take 151 nursing undergraduates in grade 2012 as a historical control group, and conduct the statistical analysis with the overall rating scores of the experimental group. Results After the reform was carried out, 91.82 percent (146/159) of the students holded the view that it was necessary to reform, 86.16 percent (137/159) were satisfied with the evaluation reform, 84.91 percent (135/159) agreed on the spreading of the reformed examination pattern to other courses, and percentage of students′passing the exam reached 98.75 percent (158/160). The difference of the course assessment overall achievement between the experimental group and control group, was statistically significant (Z=-2.62, P < 0.01). Conclusions The reform of the examination mode will achieve the harmonious unification of teaching, learning, exam, improve the quality of teaching and promote the realization of the talent training goal.