This paper introduced the nursing care of an elderly patient with severe pemphigus complicated with septicemia,such as specialized skin care,treatment with hormones and antibiotics,observation of drug effects,as well as hemoculture,nutrition and psychological care.The patient cooperated well with clinical treatment and was discharged with recovery 37 days later.

Gene vector is defined as a tool which can carry and transfer gene or other nucleic acid material into cells. Its chemical nature can be protein or polypeptide, nucleic acid, lipide, carbohydrate, and other polar molecule or its compound. As an.important part of gene therapy, gene delivery system is also the bottleneck of gene therapy. There are two existent gene vectors defined as viral vectosr and non-viral vectors. Generally, high transfection efficiency can be achieved by the application of viral vectors. But the application of viral vectors has been restricted by its immunogenicity and mutngenic potential as side effects. As a novel gene delivery system, non-viral vectors have the advantages of low toxicity, low immunogenicity, and relative targeting effect. This article provides a review on the latest research progress about various kinds of vectors.

Objective To investigate the changes of urine microalbuminuria(UMA) and serum C‐reactive protein(CRP) levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR) and its significance .Methods A total of 152 type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM ) patients were included and 40 healthy individuals as normal controls(NC) .T2DM patients were divided into 3 groups ,65 patients with non‐dia‐betic retinopathy(NDR group) ,53 patients with non‐proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR group) and 34 patients with prolifera‐tive diabetic retinopathy(PDR group) .UMA ,CRP and other clinical parameters were detect .Results The level of UMA and CRP increased progressively from NC ,NDR ,NPDR ,to PDR groups ,and there were significant differences among groups(P<0 .05) .The analysis of spearman rank correlation showed that UMA was positively associated with CRP(r=0 .311 ,P<0 .05) .UMA was also positively associated with the duration of diabetes ,fasting blood glucose(FBG) ,low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL‐C) ,hemo‐globin A1c(HbA1c) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(P< 0 .05) ,and CRP was also positively associated with the duration of diabetes ,FBG ,HbA1c and HOMA‐IR(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The development of DR is closely associated with kidney injury ,and chronic inflammation ,hyperglycemia and insulin resistance may be involved in the development and patho‐genesis of DR by interacting the renal function of T2DM patients .

Objective To develop cadres' stress scale for the Chinese people' s armed police forces.Methods Based on the stress theory and principles of the psychometrics,combined with characteristics of armed police forces. The cadres' stress scale was developed by ourselves. 802 cadres were evaluated as samples and statistic the data by item analysis ,factor analysis, reliability and valid analysis. Results The scale included four dimensions: task stress, economy stress, interpersonal stress and development stress. The internal consistency reliability was 0.893 ,the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.812. Retest reliability coefficient was 0.813. The criterion related validity to the stress scale and SCL-90 was good and the correlation coefficient with somatization, anxiety,depression, interpersonal sensitivity was 0. 376,0. 383,0. 396,0. 387 individually (P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusion Cadres stress scale for cadres of Chinese people's armed police forces has good reliability and validity.

Objective To investigate the effect of acute exhausted exercise in high temperature environment on the expression of myocardial HSP70 and plasma ANP level of in rats. Methods Forty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats was randomly and equally assigned to the following six groups:control group(C),exercise group(E),one-hour heat exposure group (H), heat exposure and exercise group (HE), exercise and 24 hours after exercise group(E'),heat exposure and 24 hours after exercise(HE'). Each group consisted of 8 rats. Rats in E,HE,E' and HE' ran on a treadmill until exhaustion, while rats in H and H' were exposed in a high temperature environment (33℃ ,50%RH) for one hour. Rats in C,E,HE and H were killed immediately after exercise or heat exposure. Rats in HE' and E' were killed 24 hours after exercise. Samples from myocardium and serum were collected for determining HSP70,ANP and CK-MB. Results(1) HSP70 levels in groups E and E' are significantly higher than that in group C(P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively),and the level in group HE' is significantly higher than that in groups H and E'(P<0.01 );The HSP70 level in group H is significantly higher than that in group C. (2) The ANP and CK-MB levels in group E are Significantly higher than that in group C.and in group HE is higher than in group H (P<0.05);The HSP70 levels in group E' and HE' significantly decrease comparing to that in groups E and HE (P<0.01). Conclusions(1)Both heat exposure and exercise can induce the increased expression of myocardial HSP70 in rats and the peak expression is seen 24 hours after exercise. The increased expression of HSP70 may have protective effects on the heat-induced myocardial injury. (2) The increased ANP levels in plasma immediately after exhausted exercise improves the blood circulation in myocardium and hints the potential possibility of myocardial damage. However,the high temperature environment does not strengthen the increase of plasma ANP level that caused by exhaustive exercise.

Objective To analyze the effect of clinical pathways on single disease management.Methods Clinical controlled trials on tumors of uterine,benign biliary tract diseases and benign thyroid neoplasm were collected and related literatures were screened according to the criteria of inclusion.The literature so collected underwent a Meta analysis.Results A total of 21 literatures were included.Meta analysis indicated that statistical difference existed in the total cost of hospitalization(WMD=1046.06,95％CI:- 1281.15 ～ - 810.96,P＜0.00001) and length of hospital stay (WMD=- 2.18,95％CI:-2.59～- 1.76,P＜0.00001)between non-clinical pathways group and clinical pathways group.Conclusion Implementation of clinical pathways can further reduce hospital costs and shorten hospital days of the single disease management.

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1(TREM)-1,a recently identified molecule,is involved in monocytic activation and inflammatory responses.TREM-1 is a member of natural killer cell receptor family and is expressed on neutrophils,mature monocytes and macrophages,and it can enhance the inflammatory responses mediated by Toll-like receptor-2 and -4,showing a role of inflammation promotion.Reportedly sTREM-1 was detectable in the body fluids in the presence of bacterial or fungal infection; therefore it might be used as a marker for inflammation.In addition,recombinant sTREM-1 may also be a new method for anti-inflammatory therapy.Recently,it has been found that TREM-1 not only promoted the acute inflammatory responses,but also participated in the development of chronic inflammation.This review summarizes the role of TREM-1 in the inflammation-associated dieases.

the upper-nether distance,4 cases with round-like defects((23.5%)),2 cases with irregular defects((11.8%)).The maximal diameters obtained from 2-DE were significantly lower than those from RT-3DE(r=(0.72),Pthe upper-nether distance.But the sizes measured by 2-DE are all the upper-nether distance,so the real size of ASD often underestimated.

OBJECTIVE:To Evaluate the characteristics of national essential drugs on the view of pharmaceutics.METHODS:Referring to related literatures,the characteristics of national essential medicines were analyzed and summarized on the basis of pharmaceutics.The national essential drugs list was compared with that of WHO's.RESULTS:In the equipment part of primary healthy care institution national essential drugs list (2009 edition),chemical and biological medicines had 205 species which included 270 formulations,were classified as 21 kinds of dosage forms.Chinese traditional medicines had 102 species which included 188 formulations,were classified as 13 kinds of dosage forms.The ration of the amount of dosage forms to species is 1.49,a little higher than WHO(1.31) now.CONCLUSION:The dosage forms of national essential drugs were abundant and enable to meet the clinical requirement.But should optimize the breed and add in many species of dosage form to satisfy the needs of medicines useage from urban to rural.

Objective To investigate the functions of Rv1273c and Rv1272c, two ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Methods The ethidium bromide ( EB)-agar cartwheel and EB accumulation assays were used to detect the transport direc-tion of Rv1273c and Rv1272c in the recombinant strains of BL21/pET-28a-rv1273c and BL21/pET-28a-rv1272c, which were constructed by our lab in the previous study. RT-PCR was used to confirm whether rv1273c and rv1272c genes were in the same operon. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of rv1272c and rv1273c genes in M. tuberculosis strains of H37Rv and H37Ra. Results Both the EB-agar cartwheel and the EB accumulation assays indicated that Rv1273c and Rv1272c transported EB into cells. Results of the RT-PCR showed that rv1273c and rv1272c were in the same operon. The expression of rv1273c and rv1272c at mRNA level in M. tuberculosis H37Ra strain were about 6 times higher than those in M. tuber-culosis H37Rv strain. Conclusion Rv1273c and Rv1272c are ABC importers and might be related to the virulence of M. tuberculosis.